倒装句型讲解

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倒装

句子的正常语序是主语在前,接着是谓语,再后是宾语、状语。有时为了强调句子的某一部分(主要是标语、宾语和状语),或出于语体方面的考虑,将被强调部分全部或部分移到主语前,称为倒装(Inversion)o以下例句中的斜体表示被倒装的部分。

Traitor he has become and traitor we shall call him..(表语和宾语前移)

他已经成了叛徒,于是我们叫他叛徒。

Away ran the schoolboys.(状语前移,主谓倒装)

小学生们跑掉了。

I全部倒装和部分倒装

1)全部倒装(Full Inversion),又称主谓倒装(Subject-verb Inversion)例如:•Here is the receipt for you ・这是你的发票°

•Down poured the torrential rain.哗啦啦地下起了倾盆大雨。

主语为人称代词时,动词不能前移。

例如:

•Away they go.他们走了。(不能说:Away go they.)

•Here we are.我们到了。(不能说:Here are we.)

2)部分倒装(Partial Inversion ),又称主语与助动词/情态动词倒装(Subject-operator Inversion) •

例如:

•Never have I see anything so beautiful.我从来也没见过这么美得东西。

•On no account must we give them the secret recipe.说什么我们也不能把秘方交给他们。

II倒装的使用

1)用于疑问句

Has she left the contract with the secretary?她把合同留给秘书了么?

What is he?他是做什么工作的?

疑问句作主语或修饰主语时,句子不必倒装。

例如:

•Who laughed at them?谁笑他们了 ?

•What makes them think so?什么事情使他们这样想的?

•How many people took part in the general debate at the U.N.?多少人参加了联合

国的一般性辩论?

2)用于附加疑问句(Tag Question)

附加疑问句是疑问句的一种,旨在询问对方是肯定还是否定。对于附加疑问句,英语与汉语的回答是不一样的。

例如:

-—He's going back home in New Zealand via Hong Kong, isn't he?他打算经香港 v 回新西兰的家,是吧?

-Yes, he is.是的,他打算(这样做)。

r—She does not have any appointment this evening, does she? 今天H免上她没有约, V是吧?

—No, she doesn^t.是,(她)没有约。

{

—You worft raise many questions at the press conference, will you ?你不会再丿L 折招待会上提许多问题吧?

—No, I won't.对,我不会。(不能说:Yes, I wont)

r—You dorft plan to be an astronaut in the future, do you?(你不打算将来成为

一 .名宇航员,是吧?

—No, I dont It,s too difficult.对,我不打算。(这)太难了。(不能说:Yes, I dorft.)

-—The dean hasn't got any new idea about our enrollment, has he?教务长对我们 .招生没有什么新的见地,是吧?

Yes, he has.不,有。(不能说:No, he has.)

J

注:如果句子的笫一部分(即陈述部分)包含hardly, never, no ,seldom, scarcely

等含否定意义的词,后面的附加疑问只能用肯定形式。

例如:

• You have never left your home village since you were a child, have you? 你从没有离开过家乡,对吧?

•She has nothing to declare, has she?她没有要申报的,对吧?

•George has never been in China, has he?乔治从来没有到过中国,是吧?

3)用手直接引语句后面表示该话出自何处。

例如:

• "Let me have a try,” said the pedicab-man."让我试一试吧,”三轮车夫说。• "Just wait and sec," shouted the young man. “ 那就等着瞧吧,"年轻人喊道。上述两句也可以不用倒装:

•"Let me have a tiy v the pedicab-man said.

• "Just wait and see," the young man shouted・

4)用于there be句型

• "There is nothing left in the bowk is there^ said the criminal policewomen・“碗里没有留下什么,是吧?”女刑警说。

• There were four basic causes of the Civil 这场内战有四个根本原因。

5)用于下列表示祝愿的句子

• May you have a happy long life!祝你幸福长寿!

•Long live the people!人民万岁!

6)用于here, there, now, then, soon, thus等副词引导的句子,其位于动词通常不带助动词/情态动词O

例如:

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