美国大豆种植补贴政策(中英双语版)

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CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) 计划公式:
有效价格=直接补贴率+该年度美国国内农场现货平均价格与大豆贷 款率中的较高者
反周期补贴金额=农产品的补贴价格(目标价格一有效价格)×公历年补 贴面积×85%×补贴单产。
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) Calculation Formulas: Effective price= direct payment rate + the higher of the national average farm price for the marketing year or the national loan rate.
简介
美国29个州,约40万农民种植大豆。目前美国 已经成为全球最大的大豆种植和出口国。 2012年,美国大豆的种植面积为7497.6万英亩, 仅次于玉米,是美国种植面积第二大的作物。 Increased planting flexibility, steadily rising yield, and low production costs.
National loan rates
Crop years Commodity
Sep-08
Soybeans Other oilseeds $5.00/bushel
Dec-10
$5.00/bushel $10.09/cwt
$9.30/hundredweight (cwt)
2008版的《农场法案》将农产品贷款的无追Байду номын сангаас权延长到2008-2012年。而且大 豆、油料作物、花生都适用。并且国家贷款利率以法律的形式得以确认。
----CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) ----ACRE(以收人为基础的平均作物收人选择补贴)
• Direct Payments ,DP(直接补贴)
CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
MarketingLoanProgram,MLP(市场贷款项目)
It is designed to provide short-term financing in all price environments, as well as to assist producers when market prices are low. Because the loans are nonrecourse(无追索性的), producers may forfeit the crop rather than pay back the loan if prices fall below the loan rate plus interest.
反周期补贴金额=农产品的补贴价格(目标价格一有效价格)×公 历年补贴面积×85%×补贴单产。
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
ACRE(以收人为基础的平均作物收人选择补贴) The farm bill 2008 was keeping the general framework of farm bill in the 2002. And one of the most prominent changes was that aim at the raising of the price of international agricultural products, list the plan of income support for the average crop. It was the no-binding plan which based on the counter-cyclical payments and it was coming in to effect since 2009.
• Direct Payments ,DP(直接补贴)
美国农业补贴办法
• CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
----MarketingLoanProgram,MLP(市场贷款项目) ----LoanDeficiencyPayment,LDP(贷款差额补贴)
• Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
MarketingLoanProgram,MLP(营销贷款计划)
这一计划是用来为农业生产者提供短期的资金帮 助的。
由于这一贷款是无追索性的,它允许农业生产者 在农产品市场价格低于加息贷款率的时候以一个 低于加息贷款率的特定数额来偿还农产品信贷公 司贷款。
美国农业补贴的发展阶段
• 第一阶段 (1933~1995) • 第二阶段 (1996~2001)
• 第三阶段 (2002~2007) • 第四阶段 (2008~2012)
Farm bill 2002 Farm bill 2008
Agriculture Subsidy Measures
• CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
补贴总收入=农场补贴率×农场播种面积×(农场基准单产÷州内预计 单产)×85%
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
ACRE(以收入为基础的平均作物收人选择补 贴) 计划公式:
计算公式:
LDP=( 贷款率 一 市场价格)×有资格享受贷款的作物 数量
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) It is one of the subsidies of production protective when the effective price below to the target price. The unit product countercyclical subsidies are depending on the difference between price: one is target price. Target prices are specified in the 2008 Farm Act for crop years 2008-12. The second one is effective price.
( 贷款率 一 市场价格)×有资格享受贷款的作物数量
CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
LoanDeficiencyPayment,LDP(贷款差额补贴) 贷款差额支付要求无论市场价格为多少,农业生产 者必须按照事先签订的加息贷款率足额偿还农产 品信贷公司的贷款,然后联邦政府通过直接支付 的方式,按照加息贷款率和市场价格之间的差额 来补贴农业生产者。
----MarketingLoanProgram,MLP(市场贷款项目) ----LoanDeficiencyPayment,LDP(贷款差额补贴)
• Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
----CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) ----ACRE(以收人为基础的平均作物收人选择补贴)
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
ACRE(以收人为基础的平均作物收人选择补贴) 2 0 0 8年农业法案提案建议取消 目前执行的基 于 价格的反周期补贴 ,代之以基于收入的反周期补 贴: 当农场主单位面积收入低于全国性的目标收入时 。 将给予补贴。
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴) ACRE(以收人为基础的平均作物收人选择补贴)
国家贷款利率
年份 农产品
2008年9月
大豆 其它油料作物 $5.00/bushel
2010年10月
$5.00/bushel $10.09/cwt
$9.30/hundredweight (cwt)
CommodyLoanPro-gram,CLP(商品贷款项目)
LoanDeficiencyPayment,LDP(贷款差额补贴) Producers are also offered the opportunity to receive an equivalent benefit in the form of a loan deficiency payment (LDP) if they choose not to participate in the loan program. In this case, the producer can opt to receive a one-time payment on harvested production at any time. Calculation Formula: LDP=( loan rate—market price )× amount of crops
由于销售权回到农业生产者手中,可以促使农业 生产者关心农产品品质、销售过程和价格。
The Farm Bill 2008 extends nonrecourse commodity loans with marketing loan provisions for crop years 2008-12. All current soybean, other oilseed, and peanut production is eligible for the program. National loan rates are set in the legislation.
Beans from USA
Brief introduction
The United States is the world’s largest producer and exporter of soybeans, with almost 400,000 farmers in 29 states growing them. Soybeans are the second-most-planted field crop in the United States after corn, with 74.976 million acres planted in 2012. Increased planting flexibility, steadily rising yield, and low production costs.
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
CCPs(以价格为基础的反周期补贴) 这是一种当市场价格低于目标价格时,对于 农业生产者予以保护的贴补措施。 反周期补贴是以两个价格为基础的,一个是 目标价格,一个是现行价格。目标价格在 2008年的《农场法案》中确定的价格。
Counter-cyclical Payments(反周期补贴)
Calculation Formula: Total revenue of subsidy =the subsides rates of farm × area under crops in farm × (reference yield in farm ÷ expected yield in state) × 85%
Development Process of Agricultural Subsidy
• Phase Ⅰ • Phase Ⅱ (1933~1995) (1996~2001)
• Phase Ⅲ • Phase Ⅳ
(2002~2007) (2008~2012)
Farm bill 2002 Farm bill 2008
有效价格=直接补贴率+该年度美国国内农场现货平均价格与 大豆贷款率中的较高者
CCPs =subsidized price of agricultural products (target price -effective price) × subsidies area in the calendar year × 85% × payments yields
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