胡杨第四次翻译作业

Evaluation of 1D and 2D numerical models for predicting

river flood inundation

M.S. Horritt a,*, P.D. Bates b,1

a School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

b School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK Abstract

1D and 2D models of flood hydraulics (HEC-RAS, LISFLOOD-FP and TELEMAC-2D) are tested on a 60 km reach of the river Severn, UK. Synoptic views of flood extent from radar remote sensing satellites have been acquired for flood events in 1998 and 2000. The three models are calibrated, using floodplain and channel friction as free parameters, against both the observed inundated area and records of downstream discharge. The predictive power of the models calibrated against inundation extent or discharge for one event can thus be measured using independent validation data for the second. The results show that for this reach both the HEC-RAS and TELEMAC-2D models can be calibrated against discharge or inundated area data and give good predictions of inundated area, whereas the LISFLOOD-FP needs to be calibrated against independent inundated area data to produce acceptable results. The different predictive performances of the models stem from their different responses to changes in friction parameterisation.

Keywords: Flood forecasting; Modelling; Calibration; Validation; Remote sensing Source: Journal of Hydrology 268 (2002) 87–99

对预测洪水泛滥的一维、二维数值模型的评价

胡杨译

学号：14213376 第4次

摘要

洪水水力学的一维和二维模型（HEC-RAS，LISFLOOD-FP和TELEMAC-2D）在英国塞文河60公里跨度上进行了测试。从雷达遥感卫星的洪水淹没范围的概况影像已在1998年到2000年用于观测洪水事件。三个模型用泛滥区和河道摩擦为自由变量来校准观察到的淹没区和下游的流量记录。该模型校准对淹没范围或一次洪水事件的流量预测能力，可以使用独立的验证数据进行二次测量。结果表明， HEC-RAS和TELEMAC-2D模型都能进行校准流量或淹没地区数据，得到良好的预测淹没地区，而LISFLOOD-FP需要校准独立的淹没区数据以产生可接受的结果。这些模型的预测性能的不同，源于他们对于摩擦参数的变化不同的反应。

关键词：防凌；黄河上游；优化模型；水库防凌存储