最新中考英语重点词汇复习:浅谈BUT的用法精编版
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2020年中考英语重点词汇复习:浅谈BUT的用法精编版
浅谈BUT的用法
两道中考题是这样的:
1. Jim is an American __________ he can speak very good Chinese. (湖南)
A. if
B. so
C. but
D. because
2. ——Excuse me. Do you have a table for two?
——I'm sorry, ________there aren't any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while? (北京东城区)
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. so
两道中考题的答案分别是1C,2A,均是考查同学们对but的掌握情
况。But是初中英语课本中的重要单词,为各地中考命题者所青睐。现本文就but一词在初中英语课本中的用法作进一步归纳:
一、用作连词。意为“而、但是、可是”等,表示语义的转折。如:
It has no arms, but its hands turn round and round. 它没有臂膀,但它的手却能转啊转的。
His office is in New York, but he is often away. 他的办公室在纽约,但他经常不在。
There were a lot of people and much noise there. But all this was nothing to him. 那里(街上)人很多,嘈杂声很大。但是这一切对他来
说都无所谓。
二、用作介词。意为“除……之外”,大致相当于except,多和no,nothing,nobody,all,everyone,everything,anybody,none等表示整体概念的词连用,或置于疑问词what,who,where等之后。如:
There is nothing but a card in it. (盒子) 里面除了一张卡片外
什么也没有。
Nobody knew it but me. 除了我以外没有人知道这件事。
Who but a fool would do that? 除了傻瓜外谁会干那事?
I have no dictionary but this one. 我只有这一本词典。
三、用作副词。意为“仅仅”,相当于only。如:
He left but an hour ago. 他一小时前才离开的。
She is but a child. 她不过是个孩子。
I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country. 我唯一感到遗憾的是:我仅有一次生命可献给祖国。
四、but 还可置于表示歉意的话之后,引出向对方提出的请求或可能
令对方不愉快的话语。它没有实际意义,只起连接作用,可省略。如:I'm very sorry, (but) I can't come. 很抱歉,我不能来了。
Excuse me, (but) can you tell me how to get there? 劳驾,能告
诉我去那儿怎么走吗?
五、与but构成的常见短语有:
a) not…but…(“不是……而是……”),这是一个连词词组,当其连接两
个主语时,句子的谓语单数形式根据就近原则来定。如:
Not you but he is wrong. 不是你,而是他错了。
She is not a student, but a worker. 她不是学生,而是工人。
b) not only…but also…(“不但……,而且……”),也用来连接两个相
同的句子成分。连接主语时,其谓语动词的单复数也根据就近原则来定。如:
He speaks not only English but also Japanese. 他不但讲英语,也讲日语。
Not only he but also I am late for the meeting. 不但他开会迟到,我也迟到了。
c) cannot help but do sth.表示“情不自禁做某事”,其中的help亦
可省略,也可以说cannot help doing sth.。如:
When the foreign visitors see the Great Wall in China, they cannot help but think.(美国口语)
当外国游客看到中国的长城时,他们不禁浮想联翩。
When the foreign visitors see the Great Wall in China, they cannot but think.(正式用语)
When the foreign visitors see the Great Wall in China, they cannot help thinking.(普通说法)