译林版七年级上册介词专题 整理

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牛津译林七年级上册介词专题梳理

【知识梳理】

1.介词的定义

介词是虚词,不能独立充当句子成分

介词短语能够充当句子成分

介词短语 = 介词+介词宾语(名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当)

根据词形,介词分为三类:1简单介词:in, on, from, at, for

合成介词:upon, into, onto, inside, without

成语介词:由两个以上单词合成。in front of, in the middle of, on top of

2.常用介词介绍

at

①表示时间: I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。

②表示在某一具体地点: He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。

③表示动作的方向、目标: Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。

④用于某些固定搭配: at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后

at the same time 同时 at first 开始时

not at all 一点也不

about

①表示大约时间: I's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。

②表示地点;在……周围: Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。

③关于,对于: We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。

after

①在……之后: After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面: He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。

behind

①在……之后: There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车

②比……晚,迟于: The train is behind time. 火车晚点了

by

①在……旁: He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。

②到……时候: We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。

③以……方式: I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。

④用于某些固定搭配: one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句

for

①为,给,替: I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。

②由于: Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。

③表示给(某人)用的: There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。

in

①在……里面: The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。

②在一段时间里: We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。

③用,以: What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说?

④在某一年份,季节,月份: in 2002, in spring, in January

⑤表示状态,服饰: Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。

⑥在……方面: He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。

⑦用于某些固定搭配: in front of 在……前面

in the end 最后

in time 及时

like

①像……样: He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。

②这样,那样: Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。

③怎样: What's the weather like? 天气怎样。

near

靠近,在……附近: My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

of

①的(表示所属关系): This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。

②……的(用于所有格): He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量(与连词连用): One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京

④想到,谈到: I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。

⑤用于某些固定搭配: of course 当然

because of 因为,由于

on

①在……上面: There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上): They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英

语课。

I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。

③用于某些固定搭配: on duty 值日 on time 准时

over

①在……正上方: There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及,穿过: There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过,不止: She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。

to

①到,往,向: He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。

②表示时间、数量,

到……为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.

③向,对,给: Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。

under

What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么?

with

①和,写: Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗?

②表示伴随状态,带有: Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?【例题精讲】

1.The little girl is sitting ________ her mother.

2.There is a white car _________ our school.

3.Many shops are _________ our home.

4.The post office is _________ the police station and the library.

A. between

B. among

C. in

D. on

5. The old woman lives ________ a small village. It is __________ two hills.

A. in, among

B. at, among

C. at, between

D. in, between

6. I can’t finish my work _______ your help.

A. with

B. without

C. in

D. to

答案:1. by, 2. beside, 3. near 4.A 5. D 6. B

【课堂练习】

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