真题其他年份的广外回忆版真题-2015广外mti英语翻译基础

合集下载

2015年广东外语外贸大学法律翻译考研参考书,考研真题

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：1育明教育2015年广东外语外贸大学法律翻译考研参考书研究方向导师初试考试科目复试考试科目备注02法律翻译赵军峰余东莫爱屏张新红①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试（笔译、口译）②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试）④720英汉互译(同等学力加试）参考书目：初试参考书目∙101|思想政治理论:请查看广东外语外贸大学研究生处网站∙211|翻译硕士英语:1、《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI ）研究生入学考试指南》，全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会编，外语教学与研究出版社，2009年。

2、《英语口译教程》（上、下册），仲伟合主编，高等教育出版社，2006。

3、《商务英语口译（第二版）》，赵军峰主编，高等教育出版社，2009.4、《实用翻译教程（修订版）》，刘季春主编，中山大学出版社，2007年。

5、《商务英语翻译（英译汉）》（第二版），李明主编，高等教育出版社，2011。

6、《语用与翻译》，莫爱屏编著，高等教育出版社，2010.7、《法律文本与法律翻译》，李克兴、张新红著，中国对外翻译出版公司，2006。

∙357|英语翻译基础:1、《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI ）研究生入学考试指南》，全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会编，外语教学与研究出版社，2009年。

2、《英语口译教程》（上、下册），仲伟合主编，高等教育出版社，2006。

3、《商务英语口译（第二版）》，赵军峰主编，高等教育出版社，2009.4、《实用翻译教程（修订版）》，刘季春主编，中山大学出版社，2007年。

5、《商务英语翻译（英译汉）》（第二版），李明主编，高等教育出版社，2011。

6、《语用与翻译》，莫爱屏编著，高等教育出版社，2010.7、《法律文本与法律翻译》，李克兴、张新红著，中国对外翻译出版公司，2006。

2012广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题：英语翻译基础

2012广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册专业：翻译硕士考试科目：英语翻译基础考生须知1、本试卷共 4 页。

2、答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。

3、答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔，用其它笔作答不给分。

4、考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分150 分。

Part I. Phrase Translation (30 points, 1 point for each) Section 1Directions: Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1.CPPCC2.UNESCO3.ASEM4.China-ASEAN Expo5.SWOT analysis6.Global Sourcingrmation Asymmetry8.Shanghai World Expo9.Innocent Presumption10.The Civil Law System11.The Book of Rites12.Mencius13.Consecutive Interpreting14.The House of Commons15.A Farewell To ArmsSection 2Directions: Translate the following phrases into English:16.全国人民代表大会17.外交部18.会展经济19.注册会计师20.次贷危机21.董事会22.中国证监会23.廉政公署24.暂行规定25.有罪推定26.佛经翻译27.百年老店28.论语29.三国演义30.南方都市报Part II. Passage Translation (120 points)31. Translate the following passage into Chinese: (60 points)Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not only come to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time. Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.The growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically. A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution, be it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, the community, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.Governments and civil society including organisations of older persons, academia, community-based organisations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues. As the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, “A life-course and inter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active”.The gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff. Training programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed. Though the basic issues dealt with might often be the same, the approach differs. It will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and emerging communicationtechnologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes.Every member of society should realize that aging is a process. Consequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.32. Translate the following passage into English: (60 points)韶关市地处粤北山区，与湖南、江西交界，素有“三省通衢”之誉，是古代岭南通往中原的最重要关口，今天更是广东通往内地的交通枢纽——京广铁路、京珠高速公路、国道105线、106线、107线、323线、在建的武广铁路、规划中的韶赣铁路、广乐高速公路和韶赣高速公路均经过韶关。

2015广外初试英语写作与翻译word文本

II 作文Genius without education is like silver in the mine. 要求：1、破题；2、立意；3、论证III 英译汉FEAR OF VERBSBlair, too, is singled out as a king of language corruption.Humphrys notes Blair's apparent fear of verbs and mocks his speeches, which are peppered with verbless phrases like "new challenges, new ideas," or "for our young people, a brighter future" and "the age of achievement, at home and abroad."By using this technique, Humphrys says, Blair is simply evading responsibility."The point about verbs is that they commit the speaker," he writes. "Verbs cement sentences to their meaning so it's not surprising that politicians tend to mistrust them."Humphrys also blames institutions like the European Union and the world's media for the decline in standards of English.He laments the inclusion of such words as "pertannually" in the proposed EU constitution -- and despairs that when concerns were raised, the word was replaced with "insubdurience."He urges the public, and journalists in particular, to reject meaningless phrases and to demand they are explained."When you get enough people pointing it out, the public starts to spot what is going on," he says. "That's why the battle has to be fought.""We should expect -- and should demand -- that when people are setting out policies or trying to persuade us of something, they engage in proper debate and don't simply give us a set of unchangeable propositions."汉译英语言是活的，随时在变，字义以及句法等等都在变。

2015年外交学院MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题,考研经验,模拟测试

2. 一进学校我们就呆了，这美国人怎么这样！所有学生都穿破破烂烂的蓝色劳动布裤子（后来才知道这叫牛仔裤），在膝盖那儿还有两个大窟窿，上身就是一件小衬衫，都印着英文字（后来才知道这叫 T 恤衫），不三不四的。老师比学生还糟糕，一点没有中国老师的尊严，老跟学生嘻嘻哈哈，成何体统！开学典礼在一个大礼堂里，所有学生都席地而坐，一点组织纪律性都没有，说话、打闹、嘴里还老嚼着跟橡皮差不多的东西（后来才知道这叫泡泡糖）。
例7 原文：我们必须扫除这个最大的障碍。这个障碍的扫除要靠中美两国政府的共同努力。译文：
（三）改变句子结构 1．分句译为短语例8 原文：中国昂首挺立于世界之林，越来越成为任何人都不能忽视的巨大力量。译文：
例9 原文：目前下岗职工重新安排工作还有一定困难，具有高薪技术的劳动力同样感到不足。译文：
（四）汉语无主语句的译法汉英最大的不同之一就是：汉语中只有谓语而无主语的句子比比皆是，如“下雨了”，
“市郊建了许多花园别墅”等。英语的句子一般都需要主语。因此，汉语的无主语句译成英语时，就需要补充主语或改变其句型，使句子结构符合英语习惯用法。汉语无主语句的译法有一下几种： 1．广泛运用英语的被动结构
资料来源：育明考研考博官网
1）将汉语无主语句中的宾语转为英语被动结构中的主语例 15 原文：几年前发现了一种新的彗星。译文：
2）某些表示规定和要求的汉语无主语句例 16 原文：一旦发现错误，必须立即改正。译文：
2．采用 There be…, It +be …+ to…等结构汉语中的格言、谚语、哲理、经验的无主语句译成英语时经常采用这类结构。
4.作文。The function of a university (at least 400 words）前面给了几句不同人的看法，关于大学要不要提供和工作有关的课程。

2015年对外经济贸易大学研究生入学考试《英语翻译基础》真题及答案

2015年对外经济贸易大学研究生入学考试《英语翻译基础》真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译1.英译汉_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________2.value added tax(VAT)_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(增值税：增值税是以商品(含应税劳务)在流转过程中产生的增值额作为计税依据而征收的一种流转税。

2016年广外MTI初试真题回忆完整版

一、选择题1*30分难度较高，跟我们平时做的专四词汇不一样，感觉像是从外刊上直接摘抄下来的句子，有几句是从同一篇摘抄出来的。

考点语法点并不是很明晰，做这30道题我用了半个多小时……感觉广外这两年风格越来越偏向务实了。

二、阅读题4篇文章，共40分材料生词较多，内容也比较新颖，感觉还是从外刊上摘出来的文章。

但是题不难。

三、写作30分题目大概是“some people believe that if a couple have a regular job, they will have a more harmonious family relationship while others have totally different opinion.”让你针对此观点写一篇400词的作文。

一、词汇翻译【汉译英】1*151 大众创业万众创新popular／mass entrepreneurship and innovation（出自2015年政府工作报告）2 中澳自贸协定Free Trade Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the People‟s Republic of China3 一带一路the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (the Belt and Road Initiative／the Land and Maritime Silk Road Initiative, B&R)4 城镇化urbanization5 世界反法西斯战争World's Anti-Fascist War (the Second World War)中国人民抗日战争China'sResistance Waragainst Japanese Aggression6 新常态New normal（出自2015年政府工作报告）7 命运共同体Community of Common Destiny8 经济发展快车道fast-track of economic growth（出自2015年政府工作报告）9 产能过剩overcapacity（出自2015年政府工作报告）10 多边贸易体系multilateral trading system11 千年发展目标the MillenniumDevelopmentGoals12 生态足迹Ecological Footprint13 董事总经理Managing Director14 商务部部长助理the assistant Minister of the Ministry of Commerce15 区域经济一体化regional economy integration【英译汉】1*151 United Nations Economic and Social Council联合国经济及社会理事会2 provice chancellor副校长3 the ASEAN Community (theAssociation Of Southeast Asian Nations)东南亚国家联盟共同体4 mutural but distinctive responsibility5 corrupt fugitive repatriation6 crowdfunding platform众筹平台7 global governance全球治理8 shale gas页岩气9 postdoctoral fellow博士后研究员10 social inclusiveness社会包容性11 multimodal transportation综合运输12 credit crunch信贷危机13 White House Chief of Staff白宫办公厅主任／白宫幕僚长14 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine诺贝尔生理学或医学奖15 Commonwealth of Nations英联邦二、篇章翻译2*60【英译汉】讲的是有关现金流的现象，有一些词注意一下cash outflow/inflow, negative（负）positive（正），和金融有关系，然后又说你自己本身就是一个project，教育就是你的投资等等。

2012年广东外语外贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)【圣才出品】

1/3
圣才电子书

strategic alignment
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
广交会
上海合作组织
司法部
国家发改委
中国译协

中国银监会
亚运会
创业板
通胀压力
市场定位
三农问题
零关税待遇
民事诉讼
孙子兵法
史记
二、篇章翻译，120 分。
第一篇是英译汉：是一篇关于 Maryland University 的发展的演讲
第二篇是汉译英：关于世界兰花大会 the World Orchid Conference 的申请举办的演
2/3
圣才电子书十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

说
3/3
圣才电子书十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

2012 年广东外语外贸大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）
一、英汉、汉英词组互译，30 分。 UNESCO; subprime mortgage crisis; Christian Science Monitor; SWOT analysis; appeal court; The Tale of Two Cities; the China-US business council； liaison interpretation, World Heritage Organization； Christian Science Monitor； Closed-circuit News Network； Kyodo News Service； Savings portfolio； appeal court； Summer Davos World Economic Forum； cost-consciousness；

2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研参考书-专业目录-分数线-考研笔记一

广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研参考书-专业目录-分数线-考研笔记一2015年广东外语外贸大学翻硕（MTI）考研真题2015考研初试已经结束，跨考小编在考后整理了2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士（MTI）考研真题(网友回忆版)，请参考!MTI初试考试流程：星期六上午8:30-11:30考研政治星期六下午2:00-5:00翻译硕士英语星期天上午8:30-11:30英语翻译基础星期天下午2:00-5:00汉语写作与百科知识一、101考研政治政治网上的经验资料很多，大家可以去参考，我就推荐考前冲刺卷用肖秀荣4套卷，今年押对了几个选择题和大题，而且选择题网上有详解，任4我也买了，有一些错题，而且选择题答案没有详解，为节约大家经费，可以不用买任4。

2015的政治比往年更加灵活，选择题覆盖面广，中国近代史考的内容很细，大家可以去看真题。

二、211翻译硕士英语1、选择题：好像没几个语法题，考的都很简单，有个either or和neither nor的区别。

其他题目就记得几个词组了：gear up to,set off to,carve up。

有几个选择题都是跟埃博拉疫情相关的。

2、阅读：前面两篇忘了，不过不是很难。

第三篇：很多外来移民涌入英国，有的人认为好，可以带来年轻的劳动力，没怎么减少英国人的福利，其他人认为不好，使得就业竞争激烈，当地人的福利下降等。

两个问答题分别针对这两个方面的。

第四篇：西班牙的什么地方想要独立出来成为一个国家，民众对此意见不一，有的人投票支持独立，其他人不支持独立。

3、作文：关于高等教育改革，有的人认为现在的教育体系已经实行了改革，有的人认为需要进行彻底的改革，阐述你的观点。

三、357英语翻译基础1、词组翻译：十八届四中全会，民族凝聚力，廉租房，洲际弹道导弹，综合国力，零和博弈，货物吞吐量，农田水利化，一站式服务，剩余劳动力，暂住证，镇馆之宝。

merger and acquisition,royalty rate,light literature,income tax return,export tax refund, collegiate tribunal,civic responsibilities,Financial Times,inflation-proof banking savings,public service interpreting.2、英译中：关于重新创作的主题，总共三大段，第二段是讲走错了创作的道路，美国流行电视新闻台披露了一个事件，让孩子们用手指蘸上颜料作画，然后装裱好悬挂到美术馆里，而顾客在不知情的情况下，愿意花数万美元购买这些作品。

2015年广东外语外贸大学英语笔译考研真题,考研重点,真题解析

1/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年广东外语外贸大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

学院：(010)高级翻译学院学科专业代码：055101学科专业名称：英语笔译本学科拟招生人数:80(说明：招生人数以教育部最终下达招生人数为准，此处仅作参考，可能会有调整)报考条件：学科简介：研究方向导师初试考试科目复试考试科目备注01商务翻译平洪李明刘季春2/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2欧阳利锋褚东伟①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试（笔译、口译）②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试）④720英汉互译(同等学力加试）02法律翻译赵军峰余东莫爱屏张新红①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识3/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3①991翻译综合考试（笔译、口译）②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试）④720英汉互译(同等学力加试）03传媒翻译李明穆雷王海张保红何洪亮①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试（笔译、口译）②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试）④720英汉互译(同等学力加试）4/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 404翻译与本地化管理穆雷葛诗利①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试（笔译、口译）②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试）④720英汉互译(同等学力加试）复试形式与内容：初试参考书目•101|思想政治理论:请查看广东外语外贸大学研究生处网站•211|翻译硕士英语:1、《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考5/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 5试指南》，全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会编，外语教学与研究出版社，2009年。

2015年外交学院MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题,考研经验

2015年外交学院MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题基础英语1.20个单项选择。

考词汇和语法，专八水平。

2.10个改错。

给出一小篇文章，在10行画线句子中找错。

比专八改错简单些。

3.6篇阅读。

外院每年都是6篇阅读，前五篇是选择，题目难度不大，基本上都可以从原文中找到，但要细心。

其中还有一篇是要在几个句子里，选出填到原文空缺处的考题。

最后一篇有变化，去年是考的问答，今年是给文章的每一段选一个可以概括该段的句子，总共需要选出5个，但给出了10个选项，需要认真分析，仔细阅读。

4.作文。

The function of a university(at least400words）前面给了几句不同人的看法，关于大学要不要提供和工作有关的课程。

减词省略词语不意味着可以随意删节原文的词句，而必须遵守一些原则：省去的词语必须是（1）在译文中看来是可有可无的，或是多余的；（2）其意思已经包含在上下文里；（3）其含义在译文中是不言而喻的。

汉译英中所省略的词语可以分成一下几类：（一）原文中重复出现的词语资料来源：育明考研考博官网资料来源：育明考研考博官网汉语中为了讲究句子的平衡、气势、韵调常常使用排比、重复等修辞手段。

如果照样一连串译成英语，往往不合英语的习惯。

因此翻译时，原文中含义重复的词语往往只译出其中一个，其他可以省略不翻译。

例20原文：青年人的觉悟程度如何，道德品质如何，知识水平如何，直接关系着社会主义建设的速度，关系着祖国的未来。

译文：how the youth come up in political consciousness,in moral qualities and in intellectual attainments has a direct bearing on the speed of socialist construction and the future of our mother land例21原文：英国人坐着思考问题，法国人站着思考问题，美国人走着思考问题，爱尔兰人事后思考问题。

2015年外交学院翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题,考研参考书,考研大纲

2015年外交学院翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题1.短语翻译（30个)QEAPIFTAAPUNCCCISISescape velocity零和关系零碳和低碳技术集体供暖体系贸易代表团非约束性原则部长级会议……2.英译汉奥巴马支持民权运动，与其他政治领袖的不同、以及讲述了马丁路德金是怎么影响奥巴马的。

总共是9小段。

3.汉译英(543字,作者是美国加州圣玛利亚学院教授，首发刊载于9月4日发售的《中国新闻周刊》)人们对不美好的、令人失望的事物可能抱三种态度：理想主义、现实主义和犬儒主义。

有研究者发现，这三种人生态度会分别在青年、中年、老年时期特别有影响。

资料来源：育明考研考博官网人在十几、二十来岁的年轻时期，往往倾向于理想主义，特别有正义感。

一旦碰到不公不义、龌龊丑恶之事，便充满了愤怒，理想化地想要对它进行彻底的纠正。

打倒孔家店，推翻封建礼教，消灭封、资、修，占领华尔街，都是年轻人在那里冲锋陷阵。

中年的务实理想主义者希望能尽自己的力量做一些有益的事情：公益活动、议论时事、参与民间团体的活动等等。

他们很清楚自己所贡献的不过是绵薄之力，在有生之年也不可能期待实现多少实质性的变化。

中年的犬儒主义者则不同，他们会认为，这世界太丑恶，人心太坏，个人不可能改变这种状况，所以不值得为之付出努力。

既然如此，还不如随波逐流，有机会的就大捞一把。

有这种机会的毕竟只是极少数当上官的，大多数的中年犬儒会愤世嫉俗、玩世不恭、得过且过、难得糊涂。

碰到世道不平之事，他们只会冷漠地袖手旁观。

为了平息自己的良心责备，他们甚至还会站在加害者的立场上去责怪受害者——倒霉一定有倒霉的理由，谁叫他们自己拎不清，不当心，自作自受，咎由自取。

老年是最容易落入犬儒主义的人生阶段，一个人年岁越长，人生阅历也就越多。

老年人可以变得更智慧，但也可能变得更犬儒。

三．汉译英常用方法和技巧资料来源：育明考研考博官网与词有关的翻译方法包括：✓直译和意译✓词义的选择✓词的增补与省略✓词类转义法✓重复法✓正说反译法和反说正译法✓分句法和合句法第一节直译和意译首先应当指出，直译不是死译，而是指基本保留原有句子结构，照字面意思翻译。

广东外语外贸大学考研英语翻译基础真题

ZZZEHLGLQJHGXFRP Ⳏ䅌㯗㬠㋝䁱䓉コ㳂⹊᷂
㧞⺛䁾䅆㚰ⳞⰝ㬱⡉
3DUW ,, 3DVVDJH7UDQVODWLRQ SRLQWV
7UDQVODWH WKH IROORZLQJ SDVVDJHLQWR &KLQHVH SRLQWV
&33&& 81(6&2 $6(0 &KLQD$6($1 ([SR 6:27 DQDO\VLV *OREDO 6RXUFLQJ ,QIRUPDWLRQ $V\PPHWU\ 6KDQJKDL:RUOG ([SR ,QQRFHQW 3UHVXPSWLRQ 7KH &LYLO /DZ 6\VWHP 7KH %RRN RI 5LWHV 0HQFLXV &RQVHFXWLYH ,QWHUSUHWLQJ 7KH +RXVH RI &RPPRQV $ )DUHZHOO 7R $UPV
6HFWLRQ 'LUHFWLRQV 7UDQVODWH WKH IROORZLQJ SKUDVHVLQWR (QJOLVK
㦌⺛㦬㘒⫛⢎⫔。㶃ㅜ⤠ 。䍚㈎イ䓃⥂。ェ㬇 ⪯⫝̸㸄〛 Ⰾ㬣。䐱⺛䐅チ。㑏䎟⹌㭑䊾㾱⺇Ⰹ 䇱䔐㵧Ⰹ ⴑ㈎Ⳏ䅌 ➺㛋㎰⮋ 㔼䈐
*RYHUQPHQWV DQG FLYLO VRFLHW\ LQFOXGLQJ RUJDQLVDWLRQV RI ROGHU SHUVRQV DFDGHPLD FRPPXQLW\EDVHG RUJDQLVDWLRQV DQG WKH SULYDWH VHFWRU QHHG WR KHOS LQ FDSDFLW\ EXLOGLQJ RQ DJHLQJ LVVXHV $V WKH 6KDQJKDL ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ 6WUDWHJ\ SRLQWV RXW ᱑$OLIHFRXUVH DQG LQWHUVHFWRUDODSSURDFKWR KHDOWK DQG ZHOOEHLQJ LV WKH EHVW DSSURDFKWR HQVXUHWKDW ERWK FXUUHQW DQG IXWXUH JHQHUDWLRQVRI ROGHU SHUVRQVUHPDLQ KHDOWK\ DQG DFWLYH ᱒

2015年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译硕士MTI真题及答案解析

ma splice
B.choppy
C.fragment
D.correct
上一题下一题
(27/30)Vocabulary
第27题
It might be the case that the economy is fundamentally unchanged from where it was a year or two ago, but has received a boost from the falling cost of petrol and other commodities.
A.correct
ma splice
C.run on
D.choppy
上一题下一题
(24/30)Vocabulary
第24题
Perplexed by the rising rates of inflation and alarmed by the decline in major construction projects.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱA.in spite of
B.in case of
C.as a result of
D.rather than
上一题下一题
(7/30)Vocabulary
第7题
While most experts______the idea that corporations could actually become human beings, most agree that punishing corporations for the crimes they commit will at the very least have a positive effect on the world.

2015广东外语外贸大学高翻学院MTI专业课真题

2015广东外语外贸大学高翻学院MTI专业课真题回忆英语翻译基础一、短语互译1.民族凝聚力 national cohesion/cohesiveness2.十八届四中全会 the Fourth Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China\'s 18th Central Committee3.综合国力 comprehensive national power4.一站式服务 one-stop service5.零和博弈 zero-sum game6.费改税 tax-for-fee7.廉租房 low-rent housing8.暂住证 Temporary Residential Permit9.货物吞吐量 cargo throughput10.剩余劳动力 surplus labor11.洲际轨道导弹 inter-continental ballistic missile(ICBM)12.农田水利化 bring most farmland under irrigation13.博士后研究员 post-doctoral researcher14.申请注册域名 domain name application and registration15.镇馆之宝 treasure of the museum16.royalty rate 版税率17.income tax return 所得税申报表18.export tax refund 出口退税19.collegiate tribunal 合议审判庭20.consumer credit消费者信用度21.inflation-proof bank savings 保值储蓄22.mission statement 宗旨，使命陈述23.light literature 通俗文学24.consulate-general 总领事馆25.civic responsibility 公民责任26.deluxe suite 豪华套房27.relief supply 救灾物资28.Financial Times金融时报29.public service interpreting 公共服务口译30.merger and acquisition 企业并购二、篇章翻译1.英译汉第一段前部分是：Though reinvention isn’t always necessary, human and nature are generally resisted, doubtful, discomforted and suspicious. Agents of change must have our trust, especially when they’re going to disturb the world...2.汉译英亚洲与世界其他地区共克时艰，合作应对国际金融危机，成为拉动世界经济复苏和增长的重要引擎，近年来对世界经济增长的贡献率已超过50％，给世界带来了信心。

[考研类试卷]2015年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2015年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、Word Derivation1 The______among the allies was no secret to the enemy.(harmony)2 The situation there was______. Something must be done promptly.(tolerate)3 This is made of______material.(resist heat)4 She was a very ______ social scientist. She proved that apart from self-love, there were other basic human instincts.(observe)5 You can live longest and best and most______by attaining and preserving the happiness of learning.(reward)6 You think I'm joking? No! I'm in dead______.(earn)7 Many times he demonstrated his______to other cops.(fear)8 In modern society, workers are in danger of being______. They become extension of the machine.(human)9 ______, most of these students studying overseas will come back eventually instead of settling down there permanently.(presume)10 Nobody knows for sure how much these free official banquets have cost the people, but it must have reached on______figure.(astronomy)二、Vocabulary11 The emotional strain of attending his dying mother______all his strength.（A）sapped（B）depleted（C）enervated（D）enfeebled12 The social worker claimed that it was impossible for the old man to live onhis______pension.（A）inadequate（B）insufficient（C）meager（D）skimpy13 The mystic found it hard, if not impossible, to______his philosophic position. （A）state（B）verbalize（C）communicate（D）deliver14 Literary magazines give $ 200______for critical articles from people who want to make a name for themselves in this field.（A）emolument（B）remuneration（C）stipend（D）honorariums15 He displayed______ignorance in handling what was an only routine personnel problem.（A）opprobrious（B）deplorable（C）culpable（D）regrettable16 Europeans______the indigenous Indian population they met with.（A）supplanted（B）displaced（C）rectified（D）renovated17 Disappointment followed his hopes of______after the costly operation.（A）rejuvenescence（B）renascence（C）rejuvenation（D）recrudescence18 He attempts to______the truth by appealing to dishonest, ignorant and irresponsible bigotry.（A）vitiate（B）adulterate（C）contaminate19 The typical ______professor was rapt in solving an equation while crossing against a red light.（A）inattentive（B）abstracted（C）absent-minded（D）oblivious20 A newly independent colony was plunged into ______ by warring factions and a lack of central leadership.（A）riot（B）anarchy（C）disorder（D）disturbance21 ______parents are relying even more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their children succeed.（A）Nervous（B）Anxious（C）Fretful（D）Farsighted22 G. B Shaw wondered how parents could wait until their anger cooled in order to______ their children in cold blood.（B）spank（C）thrash（D）scourge23 A______smile that in the next minute turned into an embarrassed blush.（A）winsome（B）blithe（C）cherry（D）sunny24 The judge's ruling that political beliefs of the accused were______to the question of his guilt.（A）extrinsic（B）superfluous（C）inessential（D）immaterial25 A corrupt public official was______by colleagues afraid of inquires into their own affairs.（A）palliated（B）glossed over（C）whitewashed（D）extenuated26 "The only way to get rid of a temptation is to yield to it," wrote Oscar Wilde, a composer of brilliant______.（A）mottos（B）aphorisms（C）apothegms（D）epigrams27 The manager______a clerk whose clumsiness was responsible for the complete breakdown of operations in his department.（A）rebuked（B）admonished（C）reprimanded（D）reproached28 They______the mounting evidence of discrepancies in the report as justifying a new investigation.（A）beckoned（B）invoked（C）subpoenaed（D）conjured29 According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, only 25% of those who suffer hip ______ever fully recover; as many as 20% will die within 12 months. Even when patients do recover, nearly half will need a cane or a walker to get around. （A）frankincense（B）fragments（C）fractures（D）fraction30 A steady flow of the ______weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.（A）covetous（B）coveted（C）coveting（D）covet三、Reading Comprehension30 Chris Hrapko isn't afraid of tough conversations. As the founder of a nonprofit social-service agency, she battles bureaucracies on behalf of the homeless and the working poor. But there is one conversation Hrapko avoided. When her 92-year-old mother fell and broke her hip earlier this year, Hrapko knew it would affect her independent mother's living arrangements and health. But Hrapko, 51, was clueless about her mom's wishes. "We talked about a lot of things," she says, "but we never talked about a future in which my mom faced a problem that could leave her disabled, bedridden or on life support. "A recent survey by AARP found that nearly 70 percent of adult children have not talked to their parents about issues related to aging. Some children avoid this most intimate of conversations because they believe their parents don't want to talk. Others think they know what their parents want. And some simply don't want to face the veryreal truth that if you are lucky enough to have parents who live well into their senior years, chances are good that disease, injury, frailty, even loneliness, will affect a parent's well-being.While it's clear that having a conversation with aging parents is important, there is no blueprint on how to do it well. What works for one family may not work for yours. The key is to be flexible, says Mary Anne Ehlert, founder of Chicago-based Protected Tomorrows, an advocacy firm for families with special needs. She has found that one of the best ways to get the conversational ball rolling is to talk about your parents' and what they would do if faced with a situation in which people they loved could no longer care for themselves. " Ask your parents for advice; seek their wisdom in helping you help them," Ehlert says.It's also important for adults to be honest about what they are prepared to do for their parents. As parents age and become frail, many will need help with personal hygiene. It's these kinds of issues that can make the most devoted child balk. "Before you agree to be a caregiver, make sure you understand what you may be in for," says Monika White, president-elect of the National Association of Professional Geriatric Care Managers. " Adult children need to acknowledge their own limitations and then be prepared to make some type of arrangement for the things they simply can't do. "Realize that there is no such thing as one conversation about aging. " No one resolves the future in one afternoon of talk," says psychologist Brian Carpenter of Washington University in St. Louis. "It's a process. " One strategy is to schedule time to talk about a specific subject, such as wills or living arrangements.31 According to the first paragraph, Chris Hrapko______.（A）avoided talking about the issue of aging with her mother（B）realized that her mother wanted to talk to her about the future life（C）believed that her mother didn't want to talk to her about the aging issue（D）knew that the injury would cause her mother lonelier than before32 Many adult children have not talked to their parents about aging not because______. （A）some children think that their parents don't want to talk（B）some children believe that they know their parents well（C）some children are not lucky enough to have parents who live well into their senior years（D）some children shun the reality that their parents need help33 We can learn from paragraph 3 that______.（A）Chris Hrapko needs to seek advices from the expert and follow them step by step （B）Talking about your parents' personal values may make the conversation disputable（C）It is unadvisable to talk about your parents' future life where you cannot take care of them（D）talking with your parents about their aging but find an appropriate way34 The underlined word "balk"(Para. 4)most probably means______.（A）lazy（B）stop（C）joy（D）disappoint35 Which of the following is true of the text?（A）Chris Hrapko's mother refused to talk about the future problem with her daughter.（B）Mary Anne Ehlert advised people to communicate with their parents on their own way.（C）Monika White thought that if people cannot meet their parents' need, they cannot be a good caregiver.（D）Brian Carpenter suggested that people should spend more time in communicating with their parents.35 Less than five years ago. Scottish Opera was trapped in a financial quagmire from which few thought it could recover. Today, however, the national company seals its comeback by announcing its most wide-reaching program to date. In an interview with The Times, Alex Reedjik, general director of Scottish Opera, explained that a series of collaborations with other companies would enable it to maximize its output withoutcompromising its budget. He admitted that the partnerships were borne of financial necessity, but argued they would allow the company to reach greater audiences than ever before. "Collaborations are the way forward," he said. "We have often done co-productions in the past but they are more important to us now to enable us to achieve all of our hopes. The problem is that sets are very expensive. If you can share those costs with another organization and not impact on artistic integrity, that is a positive, welcome and necessary thing.Highlights of the 2009-10 season will include a new co-production with New Zealand Opera of Rossini's The Italian Girl in Algiers, and a joint venture with Opera North The Adventures of Mr. Broucek, by Leos Janacek, featuring a 40-strong choir singing Hussite hymns, along with bagpipes and an organ. An unashamedly Italianate season this Autumn begins with a revival of Giles Havergal's popular 1994 production of The Elixir of Love. There will also be a revival of the Tony-award winning director Stewart Laing's production of Puccini's La Boheme.The turnaround in the company's fortunes is striking. In 2005, the year before Mr. Reedjik joined the organization, Scottish Opera was forced to make half of its staff, including the entire chorus , redundant and abandon its main-scale productions for a season after accumulating debts of a-round ￡4.5 million. The company's core grant, which at that time came from the Scottish Arts Council(it is now funded directly by the government)had not risen for several years. However, it had also haemorrhaged funds by staging the hugely expensive Ring Cycle, and according to some critics , had been overspending on props, with rumors of cast members wearing ￡ 300 designer shoes.A ￡ 7 million rescue package put together by the then Labor-led Scottish Executive saved the company from going dark on a permanent basis, but the ease with which it almost went under forced a rethink of priorities. While the company continues to stage several major productions each season, it has also introduced smaller touring works—the acclaimed Five: 15 series—which pairs leading writers with composers to create 15-minute chamber pieces that could be developed into longer productions. The aim, says Mr. Reedjik, is to put on as much opera in Scotland as possible without breaking the bank. So far the strategy seems to be working, with audiences averaging at around 95 ,000 people in the past three years, a rise of almost 50 per cent compared with2004 -05, the season before the company went dark. "What we are trying to do now is live within our means and raise as much as possible from philanthropic means," said Mr. Reedjik. " We seemed to have dropped out of the news for dumb stuff—now we're in the news for our interesting work. "36 This text is probably abridged from______.（A）a story（B）a speech（C）an argumentation（D）an interview37 The phrase "compromising its budget"(Line 5, Para. 1)probably means______. （A）agreeing on the principles（B）increasing the financial expanses（C）reaching the financial standards（D）promising a higher income38 It can be inferred from the last sentence in Paragraph 1 that______.（A）the quality of artistic performances may be worsened for lack of necessary funding （B）sharing the cost of sets can help the Scottish Opera out of financial difficulty（C）the series of collaborations with other companies have maximized the Scottish Opera's output（D）it's important for audience to hold a positive view on such co-productions39 The fact that "the ease ... forced a rethink of priorities"(Line 2-3, Para. 4)suggests that______.（A）the company makes great efforts in advocating its major productions（B）the company hires only the prestigious writers and composers to create works （C）the company tries its hand in producing shorter touring works（D）the company seeks for more funding from the local political party40 The best title for this article is______.（A）Collaboration Helps Revive Scottish Opera（B）A Rethink of Priorities in Productions（C）Turnaround in the Company's Fortunes（D）Persistence of Artistic Integrity Reading Passage 340 Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why we should, Like, Cure, John Mcwhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, see the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. Mcwhorter's an academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of "whom" , for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, "doing our own thing," has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960's even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. Mcwhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take thequestion of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. Mcwhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical educational reforms—he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English "on paper plates instead of china". A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.41 According to Mcwhorter, the decline of formal English ______.（A）is inevitable in radical education reforms（B）is but all too natural in language development（C）has caused the controversy over the counter-culture（D）brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s42 The word "talking"(Line 6, Para. 3)denotes______.（A）modesty（B）personality（C）liveliness（D）informality43 To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?（A）Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.（B）Black English can be more expressive than standard English.（C）Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.（D）Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.44 The description of Russians' love of memorizing poetry shows the author's______. （A）interest in their language（B）appreciation of their efforts（C）admiration for their memory（D）contempt for their old-fashionedness45 According to the last paragraph, "paper plates" is to "china" as______.（A）temporary is to "permanent"（B）radical is to "conservative"（C）functional is to "artistic"（D）humble is to "noble"45 The phenomenon of stress has been widely discussed and referred to as one of the central problems of our age. Globalization and the improved technology it brings only seems to make this problem worse, creating more options while at the same time making our lives more complex. Closely bound up with stress is the problem of "time famine". In Britain, for example, the combination of the longest working hours in Europe and the highest proportion of working women in Europe means people have less and less time to themselves. Add to this the rise in the number of single-person households and the work ethic promoted by successive governments since the early eighties and it becomes easy to see why time is now at a premium for so many of us.One response to this has come from the USA, so often the forerunner in what is fashionable, in the form of lifestyle management. This involves hiring a company to repair the house, do the shopping and a host of other time consuming tasks. Some analysts insist that the management of people's time could be big business in the next 10years. In the USA lifestyle management companies have been around for a while but now it seems that the British are keen to use them too.What most potential customers want is quality time. This means taking away the day to day hassles connected with running our lives. Whereas in the past there always seemed to be time for arranging private lives and keeping up with everyday demands of house, health, children or holidays, nowadays the work obsessed population, tied to the office, do not appear to be able to cope with such inconveniences. In other words, people require a separate Personal Assistant for their lifestyle!The jury is out, however, as to whether this new service is beneficial or not. Being constantly pressed for time is undoubtedly stressful and what could be better than relieving such pressures by offloading some of our more mundane tasks on a willing helper? Perhaps this can also be a way to ensure that you get quality service:. It is often said that a large part of Britain's service sector aims purely and simply at short term profit in return for bad quality goods and poor service. If you put experts in charge of finding a good plumber at a reasonable rate you can at least be assured that your leaking pipes will be fixed properly.This raises an important question, however. Is it really good for us to create more time to spend at work when we are already exhausted from working long hours? It may be far more important to take control of our private lives ourselves and in so doing relieve stress by giving ourselves a proper escape from the cares of the work-place. After all, if you do not have time to look after your own home and to organize your own life, then, just maybe, you have got your priorities wrong. There may be one reason why, in the end, the lifestyle management business will not take off in the UK and that is the inherendy conservative nature of the British. To really embrace this new concept we might all need to rethink our lives!46 The writer suggests that stress______.（A）is the most important problem of modern life（B）is caused by technology and globalization（C）can be made worse because of too many choices（D）can be less if we had more time to spend at work47 "time is at a premium"(line 8, paragraph 1)probably means that______.（A）the longer we work, the less important time is（B）time has become harder and harder to find（C）people have more free time in America than in Britain（D）saving time is a fashionable lifestyle trend48 According to the text, most potential customers______.（A）do not have a personal assistant in their offices（B）are too lazy to organize their private lives（C）have problems coping with the demands of daily living（D）enjoy the way of spending more time at work49 What is true of lifestyle management companies according to the author? （A）They will definitely become important even it takes time to accept them. （B）They are not interested in long-term relationships with customers.（C）They benefit the customers by giving a cheap way of saving time.（D）They have expertise in getting the right people to do jobs for their clients.50 The author probably believes that the British______.（A）will accept the need for lifestyle management companies（B）have to give careful thought to their way of life（C）should turn to experts when dealing with specific problems（D）should be well trained with a good work ethic Reading Passage 550 Shopping used to be nothing more than a way of obtaining food, clothing and other necessities of life. Today, however, shopping symbolizes the materialistic culture of western society and its popularity as a leisure activity reflects the rise of consumerism.【R1】______Having more money has meant spending patterns have changed. While traditional models of economic behavior assume that consumers are rational and weigh up the costs and benefits before making a purchase, anyone who has ever walked into a shop and left five minutes later with a new jacket and 180 less in their wallet knows that this theory does not always hold true.【R2】______Her research on consumer behavior identified impulsive buying as an attempt by shoppers to bolster their self-image, particularly for those who suffered from so-called compulsive buying or shopping addiction, a condition that affects 2 to 5 per cent of adults in the West.The three-year study compared excessive buyers to a similar group of ordinary consumers. Excessive shoppers were more materialistic and believed that buying goods was a pathway to success, happiness and identity. " Excessive buying is a coping strategy to fill the gaps between how shoppers feel about themselves and the person they want to be," Dr Dittmar said.【R3】______Her research also reveals that certain types of goods are more likely to be bought on impulse than others. Those most frequently reported—clothes, jewellery, ornaments—are closely related to self-image and appearance. This finding is contrary to usual theories about impulse shopping, which explain it as a short-term gratification winning out over longer-term concerns such as debt.【R4】______In other words, shoppers were more willing to wait for "low impulse" goods such as kitchenware, than they were for clothes or other "high impulse" items. However, it was found that some of the 60 consumers asked to maintain a shopping diary for the study often regretted their impulsive purchases. Dr Dittmar said, "When people had explicitly bought for self-image reasons, regret was more likely to occur. "But this finding was ambiguous because shopping addicts were more motivated by self-image than ordinary shoppers and were more likely to regret their actions. "It's not quite clear which way round this relationship goes, but there is a link between being very concerned with self-image goods and regretting impulse buying. " The conclusions drawn by Dr Dittmar about the treatment of compulsive shoppers are that prescribing anti-depressant drugs might solve the problem but only as long as sufferers continue to take them. Instead, they needed therapeutic help to address the underlying causes such as poor self-image.【R5】______"In no sense do these people directly force anyone to buy anything. But they are very sophisticated, making advertisements and shopping environments very seductive and playing on the idea that if you buy product X you will be much more attractive. "A. Dr. Dittmar said that the idea that consumers' impulsiveness differed, depending on the type of goods, was also supported by the finding that shoppers were less willing to delay gratification for items bought on impulse.B. But there are pitfalls, such as debt and addiction to buying. Addicts shop for shopping's sake rather than to buy what they need.C. Helga Dittmar, senior lecturer in psychology at Sussex University, has found that consumer goods are the material symbols of who a person is and who they would like to be.D. Her research also raises questions over the methods used to attract shoppers and encourage them to buy. Although advertisers and retailers increasingly appeal to consumers' self-image, Dr Dittmar said it was very difficult to argue that these factors were responsible for compulsive shopping.E. Although there were other ways of dealing with poor self-image, such as over-exercising or alcoholism , she said that shopping had become one of the most important strategies. This was especially true for women, who were three times more likely to be compulsive shoppers than men, as shopping was a socially approved activity, and allowed those who do not go out to work to get out of the house, Dr. Dittmar said.F. Women make the majority of buying decisions—estimates anywhere from 60 - 80% and growing. Despite these facts, some industries have created frustrating walls and barriers failing to cater to the buying characteristics women are looking for.G. This has been made possible by the 75 per cent increase in disposable income in the past 20 years. The number of credit cards in use has more than quadrupled, and the amount of outstanding consumer debt has almost tripled in the same period.51 【R1】52 【R2】53 【R3】54 【R4】55 【R5】55 In the grip of a bubble mentality, we—as investors, consumers and businesses—blithely assumed risk and convinced ourselves it was perfectly safe to do so. We bought houses with no money down, took on huge amounts of debt and let the booming stock and housing markets perform the heavy lifting of saving. After all, new technologies, securitization and derivatives permitted financial wizards to slice, dice, sell—and,ultimately, banish—any type of risk. But the intellectual scaffolding surrounding that culture of debt and risk has fallen along with the stocks of Citigroup and AIG. And now the Zeitgeist has spun 180 degrees. Squeeze your nickels, slash debt, stop gambling.【R6】______Those are the $4 trillion questions. Earlier this decade, we transitioned effortlessly from the dotcom bubble to a housing and credit bubble, which suggests a powerful resiliency. But financial trauma can leave deep scar tissue, as it did after the Great Depression.It's tempting in this period of contraction to mimic Thoreau, to live simply and deliberately. But if we lose our penchant for gain and risk, we'll lose some of the essence of what makes us American. Economists warn that if we don't manage to jolt the economy back to life soon, we runthe risk of repeating Japan's "lost decade" of the 1990s. Would that be so bad?【R7】______ But America is different. Thanks to our continually rising population, we need significant growth just to maintain our standards of living—and the health of our democracy.Saving cash and building up reserves is a necessary first step to recovery. But eventually the mountain of cash has to be put to work. Last week's sharp market rally was certainly a sign—however fleeting it may turn out to be—that investors are putting money to work again.【R8】______Between 1996 and 2007, according to the Kauffman Foundation, about 0. 3 percent of the adult population started a new business each month, or about 495 ,000 per month.【R9】______In recent years, many new businesses have been financed through retirement savings, second mortgages and credit-card debt. None of those three sources of funding is particularly deep now. Even so, layoffs can prove a powerful spur to entrepreneurship.The new ethos of thrift, which is as much about efficiency and sustainability as it is about penny-pinching, may have significant commercial applications—beyond green roofs. Startups in wind power and smart-grid technology are still finding sources of funding. Small enterprises that install solar panels and conduct energy audits are expanding.【R10】______The markets, and the economy as a whole, are continually buffeted by the twin forces of fear and greed. For the past year, fear has clearly had the upper hand. But over time, as fear subsides, our inborn instincts to improve our lot—Adam Smith would call it self-interest—will make a comeback.A. They, and other businesses, will benefit from measures in the recently passed stimulus package to weatherize homes, and make government buildings more energy-efficient.B. After all, while Japan endured a prolonged period of slow growth, nobody starved, there was no social unrest in the aging country, and its biggest companies continued to innovate.。

【VIP专享】2015年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案——英语翻译基础

词汇翻译（30分）英译汉：从10个terms里面挑5个translate and define them briefly in Chinese (共15分，一个3分）1 added value tax增值税增值税是以商品（含应税劳务）在流转过程中产生的增值额作为计税依据而征收的一种流转税。

从计税原理上说，增值税是对商品生产、流通、劳务服务中多个环节的新增价值或商品的附加值征收的一种流转税。

实行价外税，也就是由消费者负担，有增值才征税没增值不征税。

2 annual financial report年度财务报告年度财务报告是指年度终了对外提供的财务报告。

通常将半年度，季度和月度财务报告统称为中期财务会计报告。

年度财务报告作为综合反映企业单位年末财务状况、全年经营成果和现金流量的报告，在沟通企业单位管理层与财务会计报告使用者之间起着十分重要的桥梁作用。

3 bull market牛市，旺市；多头市场。

牛市，旺市指交易旺盛的市场形势，和"淡市'相对。

多头市场又称买空市场，是指股价的基本趋势持续上升时形成的投机者不断买进证券，需求大于供给的市场现象。

4 law of diminishing marginal returns边际收益递减规律又称边际效益递减规律，或边际产量递减规律，指在短期生产过程中，在其他条件不变（如技术水平不变）的前提下，增加某种生产要素的投入，当该生产要素投入数量增加到一定程度以后，增加一单位该要素所带来的效益增加量是递减的，边际收益递减规律是以技术水平和其他生产要素的投入数量保持不变为条件的条件下进行讨论的一种规律。

5 angel investment天使投资是权益资本投资的一种形式，是指富有的个人出资协助具有专门技术或独特概念的原创项目或小型初创企业，进行一次性的前期投资。

它是风险投资的一种形式，在根据天使投资人的投资数量以及对被投资企业可能提供的综合资源进行投资。

2010-2013 广外MTI真题回忆整理打印版

广东外贸2010年MTI硕士入学考试第1卷：基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. （30 P）01. Although she gives badly ____ titles to her musical compositions, they ____ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds, and bird songs.A. conventional / incorporateB. eccentric / deployC. traditional / excludeD. imaginative / disguise02. Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely French in origin, his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that later anthologies of French folktales have never ____ them.A. excludedB. admiredC. collectedD. comprehended03. In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been ____.A. exaggeratedB. ignoredC. scrutinizedD. derided04. There seems to be no ____ the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s: indeed, the normal level of interest has ____ recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A. quenching / moderatedB. whetting / mushroomedC. slaking / increasedD. ignoring / transformed05. Despite a tendency to be overtly ____, the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment, as well as pious sentiments.A. divertingB. emotionalC. didacticD. romantic06. One of the first ____ of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry: smoke tends to drive out the insect that, by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A. reformersB. discoveriesC. casualtiesD. beneficiaries07. The research committee urged the archaeologist to ____ her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on ____.A. disseminate / suppositionB. withdraw / evidenceC. undercut / capriceD. document / conjecture08. Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously, her new film is less inclined to ____: the gags are fewer and subtler.A. understatementB. preciosityC. symbolismD. melodrama09. Bebop’s legacy is ____ one: bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form, but it ____ jazz’s mass audience, which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A. a mixed / alienatedB. a troubled / seducedC. an ambiguous / aggrandizedD. a valuable / refined10. The exhibition’s importance lies in its ____: curators have g athered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A. homogeneityB. sophistryC. scopeD. farsightedness11. Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be____ read because its prose is so ____ that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A. seldom / transparentB. carefully / pellucidC. little / turgidD. eagerly / digressive12. Carleton would still rank among the great ____ of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less ____ than they are.A. celebrities / obscureB. failures / illustriousC. charlatans / impeccableD. enigmas / mysterious13. Although based on an actual event, the film lacks ____: the director shuffles events, simplifies the tangle of relationships, and ____ documentary truth for dramatic power.A. conviction / embracesB. expressiveness / exaggeratesC. verisimilitude / sacrificesD. realism / substitutes14. When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times, he endowed the paper witha uniquely ____ tone, avoiding the ____ editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A. abstruse / scholarlyB. dispassionate / shrillC. argumentative / tendentiousD. cosmopolitan / timely15. There are as good fish in the sea ____ ever came out of it.A. thanB. likeC. asD. so16. All the President’s Men ____ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A. remainB. remainsC. remainedD. is remaining17. “You ____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them”, I told my friend.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can18. If only the patient ____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving19. Linda was ____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting20. She ____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been21. It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. thatB. asC. soD. very22. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____ in the road construction project.A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen23. The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find24. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have25. The research requires more money than ____.A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in26. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ____ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more27. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be28. ____ at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look29. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues30. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a _____ forgery.A. man-madeB. naturalC. crudeD. realPart 2: Reading Comprehension. （40 P）Passage AOn New Year’s Day, 50,000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3. 5 million Kenyans who, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west, however, you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’ traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries’ national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists’ herds make up over 10 per cent of export earnings. Despite this productivity, pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits. One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves; thelion’s share is pocketed by traders. This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food, and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour. Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the 1960s, investing millions o f dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models; and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle. Over the past few years, funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message. One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought, so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive（the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it）. Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising, but more needs to be done. Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle. They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding. Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products: there will likely be an additional 2 billion consumers worldwide by 2020, the vast majority in developing countries. To ensure that pastoralists benefit, it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies. Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women, who play critical roles in livestock production. The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists. Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment, conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition. It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.01. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.B. The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.C. The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.D. Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.02. The word “encapsulates”in the sentence “Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”（para. l）can be replaced by ____.A. concludes.B. involves.C. represents.D. aggravates.03. What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?A. Neutral and indifferent.B. Sympathetic and understanding.C. Critical and vehement.D. Subjective and fatalistic.04. When the author writes “the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”（para. 4）, he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not ____.A. have an objective view of the situation in AfricaB. understand the unpredictable weather systems thereC. feel themselves superior in decision makingD. care about the development of the local people05. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is ____.A. to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralistsB. to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in AfricaC. to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralismD. to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage BCivil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice（DOJ）has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act（COPA）, but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors” might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,” said Google attorney Nicole Wong. DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. （The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched. ）Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth ofsearch queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. “What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?” Says the DOJ’s Miller, “I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper autho rities.” Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Search is a window into people’s personalities,” says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without w orrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”01. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’ search behavior, the major intention is ____.A. to protect national securityB. to help protect personal freedomC. to monitor Internet pornographyD. to implement the Child Online Protection Act02. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”（para. 2）required by DOJ as it believes that ____.A. it is not involved in the court caseB. users’ privacy is most importantC. the government has violated the First AmendmentD. search terms is the company’s business secret03. The phrase “scaled back to”in the sentence “the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”（para. 3）can be replaced by ____.A. maximized toB. minimized toC. returned toD. reduced to04. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”（para. 4）, the expression “sink its own case”most probably means that ____.A. counterattack the oppositionB. lead to blocking of porn sitesC. provide evidence to disprove the caseD. give full ground to support the case05. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”（para. 5）, the expression “Big Brother”is used to refer to ____.A. a friend or relative showing much concernB. a colleague who is much more experiencedC. a dominating and all-powerful ruling powerD. a benevolent and democratic organizationPart 3: Answering Questions. （20 P）Passage AMillions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health & Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state. The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut. The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis. Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel, a 67-year-old retired bank teller, who was told her state pension would be cut by $12. 30, or 1% to $1,156. 20 a month. “It was a real shock,” she says. “My pension had always gone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way. On Mar. 11, Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions—which have been rising steadily since World War II—from 53% of average wages now to 46% by 2020. And Germany is not alone. Governments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy, the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from 57 to 60, while France will require that civil servants put in 40 years rather than 37. 5 to qualify for a full pension. The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions, leftist politicians, and pensioners’ groups.The explanation is simple: Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By 2030 there will only be two workers per pensioner, compared with four in 2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system, cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall. The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10 billion this year in Ger many alone. “In the future, a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,” says German Health & Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt. Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti: “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course, those population trends have been forecast for years. Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands, have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions. But many Continental governments dragged their feet. Now, the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act. State-funded pension payments make up around 12% of gross domestic product in Germany and France and 15% in Italy—two percentage points more than 20 years ago. Pensions account for an average 21% of government spending across the European Union. The U. S. Social Security system, by contrast, consumes just 4.8% of GDP. Therising cost is having serious repercussio ns on key European nations’ commitments to fiscal restraint. “Governments have no choice but to make pension reform a priority,” says Antonio Cabral, deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic & Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector, corporate contributions to state pension systems—which make up 19. 5% of total gross pay in Germany—add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs. That, in turn, blunts manufacturers’ competitivene ss and keeps unemployment rates high. According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne, benefit costs reached a record 41. 7% of gross wages in Germany last year, compared with 37.4% a decade before. French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of $121 million contributed to a 9% fall in operating profits last year.To cope, Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pension schemes. But even if private pensions become more popular, European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions. While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy.QuestionsParaphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves”? What is implied by the last sentence of the passage “While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next gene ration of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy”?Passage BIn the old days, it was all done with cakes. For Marcel Proust, it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to “the vast structure of recollection” that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia, “Remembrance of Past Things.” These days, it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically, why are all the backward glances? The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads: “acute longing for familiar surroundings; severe homesickness.” With the speed of computers doubling every 18 months, and the net doubling in size in about half that, no w onder we’re aching for familiar surroundings. Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change, anything enduring becomes precious. “People are looking for something authentic,” says McLaren. Trouble is, nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing, demographics and technology. “Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,” says Michael J. Wolf, senior partner at Booz-Allen & Hamilton in New York. “These are the new good old days.” Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market. The boomers, defined by American demographers as those born between 1946 and 1964, are living long and prosperous lives. In both Europe and America, they remain the Holy Grail for admen, and their past has become everyone’s present. In a study on “entertainment imprinting,” two A merican marketing professors, Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook, asked people ranging in age from 16 to 86 which popular music from the past they liked best. People’s favorite songs, they found, tended to be those that were popular when they were about 24, with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age. Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting, or at least nostalgia. Thecompany hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s “Homeward Bound,” just as it launched Windows 98 to the tune of “Start Me up” by the Rolling Stones. Boomers remember both tunes from their 20s.If boomers are one market that values memories, exiles are another. According to the International Organization of Migration, more than 150 million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in 1965. This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious as the freedoms of an EU passport. But exiles and refugees share one thing: homes left behind. Type in “nostalgia” on the search engine Google, and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian, an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after 1978’s Islamic revolution. Perhaps t he savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site alibris. com, which features stories of clients’ rediscovering long-lost books on it. One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on “Kickapoo Joy Juice,” ad dreaded medicine of his youth. A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of his first-grade primer” Down cherry Street.” The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia—it promotes it. Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items, form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology, designed to be transient, has even bred its own instanostalgia. Last year a $666 Apple I went for $18,000 to a British collector at a San Francisco auction. “Historic! Microsoft Multi plan for Macintosh” crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple section. Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like “In the old days, Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to rep eat it. Or so entertainment moguls hope, as they market “70s TV hits like “Charlie’s Angels” and “Scooby Doo,” out next year, to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round. If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a “Sopranos” episode, panic not. The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of 2020, says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand. “I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,” he says. “God help me, I hope it’s not selling insurance.” It could be. When we traffic in the past, nothing’s sacred.QuestionsExplain the beginning sentence “In the old days, it was all done with cakes.” What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories? What do these people share? What is “nostalgia market”? What do they sell in the nostalgia market?Part 4: Writing. （30 P）Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about 400 words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.。

2015年广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学考研真题,考研重点,真题解析

3 年制
06 语篇研究陈建平刘礼进
① 101 思想政治理论 ② 240 俄语或 241 法语或 242 德语或 243 日语或 244 西班牙语 ③ 623 英语水平考试 ④ 801 英语写作与翻译
① 946 综合考试（含专业笔试和专业口试） ③ 949 英美概况(同等学力加试） ④ 950 英美文学(同等学力加试）
① 946 综合考试（含专业笔试和专业口试） ③ 949 英美概况(同等学力加试） ④ 950 英美文学(同等学力加试）
3 年制
03 第二语言习得王初明郑超
谢元花
牛瑞英
① 101 思想政治理论 ② 240 俄语或 241 法语或 242 德语或 243 日语或 244 西班牙语 ③ 623 英语水平考试 ④ 801 英语写作与翻译
论述题在考研专业课中属于中等偏上难度的题目，考察对学科整体的把握和对知识点的灵活运用，进而运用理论知识来解决现实的问题。但是，如果我们能够洞悉论述题的本质，其实回答起来还是非常简单的。论述题，从本质上看，是考察队多个知识点的综合运用能力。因此，这就要求我们必须对课本的整体框架和参考书的作者的写书的内部逻辑。这一点是我们育明考研专业课讲授的重点，特别是对于跨专业的考生来说，要做到这一点，难度非常大。 2．育明考研答题攻略：论述题三步走答题法是什么——》为什么——》怎么样第一，论述题中重要的核心概念，要阐释清楚；论述题中重要的理论要点要罗列到位。这些是可以在书本上直接找到的，是得分点，也是进一步分析的理论基点。第二，要分析目前所存在问题出现的原因。这个部分，基本可以通过对课本中所涉及的问题进行总结而成。第三，提出自己合理化的建议。 3．育明教育答题示范例如：结合治理理论，谈谈我们政府改革。第一，阐释“治理”的定义，然后分段阐释“治理理论的核心主张，包括理论主张和政策主张”。第二，分析目前“政府改革”中存在的问题及其原因。第三，结合治理理论的理论和政策主张，并结合相关的一些理论提出自己的改革措施。我们育明考研经过