英语国家概况 修订版 Chapter

Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
❖ A-levels
▪ The A-level, or “Advanced Level” is a grade of education that is offered by educational institutions such as schools and colleges and is an accepted form of qualification.
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
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❖ National Curriculum was introduced in 1988. ❖ Subjects include mathematics, English, science,
▪ Every pupil at Winchester, apart
from the Scholars, lives in a boarding house.
▪ Each house also had a set of house colours, which adorned the ribbon worn around boys' "strats" (straw hats).
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Education
Educational Policy Educational System
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A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Educational Policy
▪ It educates over 1,300 pupils, aged between 13 to 18 years and was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor".
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
❖ Eton College
▪ Eton College, often informally referred to as Eton, is the largest public school (independent secondary school) in England and one of the highest in prestige.
英语国家概况
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Chapter Five
Education, Media and Holiday
英 语 国 家 概 况
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
❖ The General Certificate of Secondary Education(GCSE) （普通中等教育证书）
▪ An academic qualification generally taken in a number of subjects by students aged 14–16 in secondary education in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education State System (Cont.)
❖ “sixth form” (2 years)
(English education system) the final two years of secondary schooling during which students are about sixteen to eighteen years of age.
A-levels (General Certificate of Education—Advanced)
—for universities admittances
▪ GNVQs (General National Vocational Qualifications)
—for vocational training
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
Independent System ❖ the most famous — Eton, Harrow and Winchester ❖ over 2500 independent schools across Britain ❖ Over 7% percent of all British children ❖ A privilege for the rich
▪ A-levels are generally a two-year course, with AS levels being obtained within the first year.
▪ A-levels are usually taken after successful completion of a previous level of course, such as GCSEs.
❖ Compulsory education for all children between the ages of 5 and 16 (17 from 2013)
▪ Comprehensive schools
• introduced in the 1960s.
• The purpose of the comprehensive school is to democratize education and provide equal opportunity for all children.
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Educational System
➢Primary and Secondary Education ➢Higher Education ➢Famous Universities
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
Eton college
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
❖ Winchester College
▪ one of the oldest of the great public schools of England (dating from 1382)
▪Independent system—Public schools 7%
•(Parents pay for their children's education)
❖ National curriculum:
▪Compulsory in state school ▪Optional in independent school
▪ Certifying that the students have achieved the standard expected after 11 years of compulsory education
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
▪ 5-11: primary schools (co-educational/ mixed schools)
▪ 11-16: secondary schools
(most are comprehensive schools) GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education)
▪ Grammar schools
• offers an academic course in preparation for university entrance and for the professions.
▪ Vocational schools
• It may be obtained either formally in trade schools, technical secondary schools, or in on-the-job training programs or, more informally, by picking up the necessary skills on the job.
▪ Better funded ▪ Better teachers ▪ Better facilities ▪ Better chance to enter famous universities
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education
❖ Two parallel school system:
▪State system—loຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidual authority maintained 93%
•(Free to all children between the ages of 5—16)
geography, history, technology, music, arts, physical education and a foreign language.
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Primary and Secondary Education State System
❖ state system—11-year compulsory education
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
CONTENT
I
Education
II
Media
III Holidays and Festivals
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
❖ Education in Britain is divided into four stages: ▪ primary ▪ secondary ▪ further education ▪ higher education
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press