长难句解析典型文章--阅读理解
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文r
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved ; the limbic system (the 〃emotional brain " ) is especially active , while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning ) is relatively quiet. 〃 We wake up from dreams happy and depressed , and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.结构：•But not all parts of the brain ［主］are equally involved ［谓(被)］;the limbic system ( the 〃 emotional brain ")［主［is ［系］especially active ［表］,•while the prefrontal cortex ( the center of intellect andreasoning )［主［is ［系］relatively quiet ［表］.•〃 We ［主］wake up ［谓］from dreams happy and depressed ［状］,and those feelings ［主］can stay with ［谓］us all day［宾］.〃says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. WilliamDementThose suffering from persistent nightmares ［谓］should seek ［谓］help from a therapist ［谓］.•For the rest of us z the brain ［谓］has ［谓］its ways of working through bad feelings .•Sleep寸亩入语：or rather dream•on it and you' II feel better in the morning词组：At the end最后最终Pay attention to 关注Keep from组织抑制Wake up醒来唤醒Suffer from忍受遭受受.之苦The rest of剩余的其余的Work through解决完成Sleep on继续睡忽略解析:unless引导条件状语从句两个破折号之间是插入语天结束之后，我们可能完全没有理由去关注我们梦，除非它让我们失眠，或直译:者"让我们从痛苦中醒来"C说。
高考英语长难句解析练习学生篇
6.句意：我所看到的和我之前经历的完全不同。
分析：此句中what引导的是主语从句，作句子的主语。
此外，Ihadexperiencedinthepast为定语从句，修饰先行词anything。
7.句意：相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。
分析：本句为复合句。
if引导的是虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时therehadbeen；主句使用“wouldhavedone”结构。
8.句意：通过把《爱的徒劳》那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。
分析：在本句中，Bytranslating...BSL为方式状语，and连接creates和aims两个动词作并列谓语。
9.句意：拍电影和四年后出演TheSting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我们存在年龄差距，但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。
分析：本句的主干是Thefriendshiphaditsrootinthefact.。
其中，ter为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的althoughtherewas...liveTV为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。
此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的让步状语从句。
10.句意：我们有着这样的信念——如果足够幸运获得成功，就应该有所回馈。
他成立了Newman’sOwn食品公司和为病重的孩子成立了HoleintheWallcamps夏令营，而我成立了圣丹斯协会和电影节。
分析：本句中，that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句；破折号后出现了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词kid。
11.句意：Terrafugia说机主需要通过测试并且完成20个小时的飞行时间才能驾驶Transition，这一要求对于飞行员来说相对容易满足。
考研英语 长难句解析10年阅读Text3
本文选自2007年2月Harvard Business Review上一篇名为The Accidental Influentials的文章，主要讨论了影响社会流行潮的主要因素：人们普遍认为社会流行潮的出现主要是由少数有影响力的名人推动的，但新研究表明其关键因素却是大部分的直接受影响者能够积极有效地参与传播过程。
全文中在长难句方面，难度居中。
作为2010年考研英语试卷的第三篇阅读，句子难度必然会较前面题型有所提升，尤其是后半部分难度增加，再加上文中的一些难词，这必然会给考生造成理解上的障碍，以致最终影响做题得分。
下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：【典型例句1】：In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.【例句解析】：本句中主干成分为some researchers have come up with the finding。
that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed是同位语从句，解释说明finding;而从句中又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句，采用省略主语的结构。
【难点点拨】：influential：有影响力的人;social epidemic：社会流行潮【例句释义】：然而，在近期研究中，一些研究者已经发现：有影响力的人对于社会流行潮的影响要比通常认为的小得多。
【典型例句2】：Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.【例句解析】：本句包含一个强调句型，即it is precisely…..who…..，用来强调主语，句子主干成分为these noncelebrity influentials are supposed to drive social epidemics。
考研英语：阅读理解和翻译真题经典长难句解析（36）
考研英语：阅读理解和翻译真题经典长难句解析（36）71.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect," a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects-a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.。
Although it ruled that there is…, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of…有省略。
a centuries-old moral…是⾮限定性定语从句，省略了which is。
尽管最⾼法院认为，宪法并没有赋予医⽣帮助病⼈安乐死的权利，但是实践中最⾼法院⽀持“双重效果”的医疗原则。
这个⼏个世纪以来的医疗道德原则认为，如果⼀种⾏为具有双重效果--既有医治的良好效果⼜有可以预见的有害效果--为了达成良好效果，应当允许这⼀⾏为实施。
constitutional right 译为“宪法权利”；physician-assisted suicide 译为“安乐死”；double-effect 译为“双重效果”。
72.One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on..One difficulty is that….to trace…to …[语法难点]有套和从句。
2023年高考英语真题解析 阅读理解长难句分析
2023年高考英语真题解析阅读理解长难句分析Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.接下来进行分析解释。
长难句解析：这个句子虽然看起来长而且结构复杂，但是实际上它的结构清晰明了。
第一步：理出来句子的主次，以做到主次分明。
represented之前是主干，主干是一个主系表结构。
represented之后是次要部分。
主干的内容是：Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book. 意思是：《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》颂扬的是书籍这一日常物品。
主干理解疑难点：1，英语没有专门的书名号，书籍名称、文章名称，电影名称等等需要用斜体表示出来。
当然这篇文章后面也明确提到了这是一本书（book of books关于书籍的书）。
2 celebration表示：庆祝，庆典，还可以表示颂扬。
这里意思不是庆祝书籍，而是颂扬书籍的意思。
第二步，理解句子次要的修饰部分：represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.意思是：这种颂扬体现在《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里面，书里面有来自世界各地博物馆约300件艺术作品。
二，次要部分理解疑难点：1，represent的意思很多，可以表示：代表，体现，展示。
这里represented是过去分词表示被动，意思是：对书籍的颂扬被这些艺术作品体现了出来。
2，这个句子中的here（这里）到底是哪里？实际上，here(这里)指的是这本书。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文q
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文1. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers . And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics , there are already robot systems that can perform some kind of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy ——far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone .结构：•Our subway trains [主] are controlled [谓（被动）] by tireless robot-drivers .•条件状语：And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics ,•There be句型：there are already robot systems•定语从句：that [主] can perform [谓] some kind of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy [宾] ——far greater precision than highly skilled physicians [主] can achieve [谓] with their hands alone [宾]单词：Tireless a.不知疲劳的Miniaturization n.小型化微型化Perform vt.执行演出vi.表现Submillimeter n.亚毫米Accuracy a.精确的Precision n.准确性词组：Thanks to 由于Some kind of 某种某些解析：•Thank to引导条件状语•There be 句型表示有...•that引导定语从句修饰robot systems,句子中做主语•单个破折号表示解释说明，这里补充说明submillimeter accuracy直译：我们的地铁由不知疲倦的机器人司机控制。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文w
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace ? ”asks Martin Bercovici , a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers .结构：•“Do we [主] really want [谓] railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace [宾]? ”asks Martin Bercovici , a Washington lawyer•定语从句：who [主] frequently represents [谓] shippers [宾]单词：Arbiter n.独裁者主宰者仲裁人Frequently ad.经常地解析：•who引导定语从句，修饰lawyer，句子中做主语直译：”我们真的想让铁路企业成为决定市场中谁赢，谁输的主宰者吗？“，一个经常代表托运商的华盛顿律师马丁问道译文：经常代表托运商的华盛顿律师马丁贝尔科维奇律师问道：”难道我们真的要让铁路公司成为决定市场上谁兴谁衰的仲裁人吗？“重点：•who引导定语从句，修饰lawyer，句子中做主语2. Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increase . The railroad industry as a whole , despite its brightening fortunes , still does not earn enough to cover the cost of capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic .结构：•Many captive shippers [主] also worry [谓]•宾语从句：they [主] will soon be hit [谓] with a round of huge rate increase .•The railroad industry as a whole [主]•插入语：, despite its brightening fortunes ,•still does not earn enough [谓] to cover the cost of capital [宾] it [主] must invest [谓] to keep up with its surging traffic [宾]单词：Round n.连续事件Despite 尽管Brighten vt.照亮Capital n.资金Invest vt.投资Surge v.波动起伏n.急剧上升词组：Be hit with 被...击中A round of 一轮Keep up with 赶上解析：•Worry后面使宾语从句，省略了连接词that•Despite its brightening fortunes是插入语，截断了主语和谓语直译：许多受牵制的托运商也担心，他们很快将遭受新一轮的费率上涨。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(189-190)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.2.We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.二、长难句翻译解析1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic a nd economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.①内容分析首先提个问题，这个句子是一个简单句，还是一个复杂句？这里的所谓“简单”和“复杂”，不是你个人的主观感受。
如果一个句子里只有一套主谓结构，我们叫它简单句。
如果一个句子里有两套或以上的主谓结构用连词关系词之类的组合在一起，我们叫它复杂句。
可能还有些什么并列句复合句并列复合句主从复合句之类的称呼，为了方便理解，咱们就都统称为复杂句了。
那么这个句子是简单句还是复杂句？从上面的描述里，你应该知道，区分这两种句子的标准，就是到底有几套主谓结构。
那我们来找找这个句子里的谓语吧。
高中英语2025届高考2024年高考真题长难句分析
2024高考真题熟长难句分析【2024新课标I卷】1.[2024新课标I卷阅读理解A篇]We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。
while 引导的状语从句的主语和主句主语We一致，且状语从句谓语中有be动词，可以将状语从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。
完整的状语从句为：while we are conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection。
【翻译】我们将在探索美丽的公园场地的同时，进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子采集工作。
2.[2024新课标I卷阅读理解C篇]The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。
when引导时间状语从句，其中like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。
【翻译】纸质阅读的好处尤其突显在实验者从简单任务——比如识别阅读文章的主旨——转向需要思维抽象的任务时——比如从文本中推断出信息。
2020年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解C原文、译文(逐段翻译)、长难句分析及答案详解
2020年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解C原文、译文（逐段翻译）、长难句分析及答案详解第一部分：原文和译文Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.尽管很可能竞走对身体的损伤更少，但是研究表明，在对健康的好处方面，竞走和跑步是一样的。
然而，竞走也确实有自身的问题。
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strangeform that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.竞走运动员是条件受到限制的运动员。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(259-260)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.2.Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools.二、长难句翻译解析1.The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.英文句子的谓语分为两种情况，一种是体现动作时间的各种时态，另一种是配合情态动词使用的各种动词。
那么，这个句子里有几个谓语呢？答案是四个：has brought、predicted、would generate、has shown，涉及现在完成时、一般过去时、过去将来时，你能正确画出来吗？每个谓语都应该有主语，就是动作的发出者。
那么这四个谓语的主语，你能找出来吗？The Government’s suga r tax — has broughtMinisters — predictedit — would generatethe first official data — has shown如果能够找到上面的主谓结构，那么整个句子的结构基本上就能划清楚了。
高考高中英语阅读理解-长难句分析详解
高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析详解You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields. （选自2011年北京卷阅读理解B篇）内容分析这个句子其实不复杂，就是一个普通的宾语从句。
句子的核心部分只有这些：You will discover that our focus has broadened你会发现，我们的焦点拓宽了。
这个简单的宾语从句各位应该都能看明白。
而整句之所以变得复杂，主要来自于两方面原因：1、to include的内容补充；2、and多者并列的短语结构出现两次。
我们首先说to include的内容补充。
在上面的核心部分里，说到“焦点拓宽了”，那么具体怎么拓宽了呢？把原有的核心部分和to do的补充合在一起，就变成了这样：You will discover that our focus has broadened to include articles你会发现，我们的焦点拓宽了。
为了干什么？为了包括一些文章。
句子使用to do对前面的内容进行补充，这是to do结构的重要功能之一。
类似的情况其实非常常见，比如下面的例子：I am glad to see you.我很高兴。
为什么高兴呢，补充“见到你”。
He showed me a way to study English.他给我展示了一个方法。
什么方法呢？补充“学习英语”。
然后我们再来看and多者并列的短语结构。
句子的内容在继续扩充。
我们的焦点拓宽了——为了干什么？——为了包括一些文章——什么样的文章？这时你会发现，我们需要对“articles文章”这个名词进行具体内容的展开。
2010-2018年英语高考全国卷中长难句及解析
2010-2018年全国卷长难句1、(2018全国卷1阅读B)And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.译文：这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备膳食。
分析：这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。
宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what she's learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11是-ing形式做伴随状语。
2、(2018全国卷1阅读C)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.译文：一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。
分析：这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。
2020高考英语全国一卷阅读理解长难句理解与分析
2020⾼考英语全国⼀卷阅读理解长难句理解与分析DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.（⾸段⾸句必须正确理解，通过该句预测⽂章体裁和题材。
本句为简单句,主⼲为：the connection has been the subject。
“…的联系是…的话题、主题。
”找到主⼲之后再关注句中定语部分，分别是两个介词短语，理解了这两个介词短语跳过去先理解句⼦其他部分。
）翻译：⼈类和植物之间的关联，长时间以来⼀直是科学研究的主题。
近期的研究已经发现了⼆者之间存在正向的效应。
例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯顿市进⾏的⼀项研究就发现，在城市中那些绿化更多的地⽅，犯罪发⽣得更少。
另⼀⽅⾯，当⼯作场所中装饰了室内植物时，职员们的⼯作效率被证明可以提⾼15%。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants（that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.主⼲部分为：the engineers have taken it a step further.These include plants（that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water）（that引导的定语从句修饰plants；定语从句中⼜包含⼀个when引导的宾语从句。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文y
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. Hunting for a job late last year , lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder , a job database on the Internet . He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “ personal search agent ”.结构：•Hunting for a job late last year [状] ,•lawyer Gant Redmon [主] stumbled across [谓] CareerBuilder , a job database on the Internet [宾] .•He [主] searched [谓1] it with no success [宾1] but was attracted [谓2] by the site’s “ personal search agent ” [宾2]单词：Stumble vi.踉跄绊脚词组：Hunt for 寻找Stumble across 偶然遇见意外发现解析：•but连接两个并列句，共用主语he直译：去年年末找工作的时候，；律师GR意外发现了CB，一个互联网上的工作数据库。
他在这上面并没有找到工作，但是他被网站的“个人搜索代理”吸引了。
译文：去年年底，在找工作时，甘特雷德曼律师偶然发现了CB这样一个网上求职资料库。
他搜索了一下没什么收获，但却被该网站的“个人搜索代理”所吸引重点：•Stumble across 偶然遇见意外发现•but连接两个并列句，共用主语he2. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location , title , and salary , then E-mail them when a matching position is posted in the database .结构：•It’s an interactive feature [主1]•同位语从句：that lets visitors [主] key in [谓] job criteria such as location , title , and salary [宾],•then E-mail [谓1] them [宾1]•时间状语从句：when a matching position [主] is posted [谓（被动）] in the database [状]单词：Feature n.特点特征功能criteria n.标准条件词组：Such as 例如解析：•that引导同位语从句，补充说明interactive feature•Then...的主语是interactive feature•When 引导时间状语从句直译：这是一个互动的功能，让访问者输入工作条件，例如位置，岗位和薪水等等，之后，当在数据库中贴出了合适的岗位时，就给他们发电子邮件译文：其所具有的互动性让访问者输入求职标准，比如工作地点，工作职位以及薪水等。
2020年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解C原文、译文（逐段翻译）、长难句分..
2020年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解C原文、译文（逐段翻译）、长难句分析及答案详解第一部分：原文和译文Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.尽管很可能竞走对身体的损伤更少，但是研究表明，在对健康的好处方面，竞走和跑步是一样的。
然而，竞走也确实有自身的问题。
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the legswing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strangeform that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.竞走运动员是条件受到限制的运动员。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(285-286)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.2.Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.二、长难句翻译解析1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a p rinted book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.根据连词、关系词和标点符号的位置，句子可以拆分为三部分：第一部分And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives这部分中最重要的是“in contrast to sth 与某事相反、与某事截然不同”，是阅读理解过程中需要重点关注的对比标志。
对比是作者在各类文体中广泛使用的写作手法，在阅读理解的细节题中也属于高频考点，所以看到文章里出现形容词副词比较级最高级、相同相似不同、各种描述比较关系的短语和逻辑关系时，一定要意识到这里出现了对比，可能是文章的重点信息所在。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文m
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. Just as on smoking , voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete , that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure . This is a dangerous game : by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in , it may be too late . 结构：•Just as on smoking ,•voices [主] now come from [谓] many quarters [宾] insisting •宾语从句：that the science about global warming [主] is [系] incomplete [表] ,•that it’s [形式主语] OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure .•This is a dangerous game : by the time 100 percent of the evidence [主] is [系] in [表] , it may be too late单词：Quarter n.季度地区四分之一incomplete a.没完成的不完全的fume n.烟气词组：Just as 正如就像Come from 来自Pour into 灌输灌入By the time 到...时候解析：•两个That引导宾语从句，做非谓语动词insisting的宾语直译：就像吸烟一样，来自很多地区的声音认为，关于全球变暖的科学依据是不确定的，认为知道我们确定之前，一直向空气中排放烟气是没问题的。
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The professor and his team of graduate students began by populating Jill's memory with 40,000 questions and answers from past terms.) Then came the testing stage. At first, Jill was not very good and often gave strange answers. Lalith Polepeddi, one of the graduate students(that helped develop the virtual TA,) says Jill often got stuck on certain keywords. By the end of the term, Jill had gained enough knowledge and expertise to participate in discussion forums (without any supervision from Goel or other assistants.)
At the end of the spring term in May, students taking Georgia Tech's online Knowledge-based Artificial Intelligence course received some surprising news. Jill Waston, one of the nine teaching assistants (TA's) that had helped them finish the challenging course for the past five months was not a “she”, but an “it”---- an intelligent rainchild of Ashok Geo, who teaches in the popular online course. The professor of Computer and Cognitive Science in the School of Interactive Computering came up with the idea as a way to deal with the questions posed by students in the online forums. According to Goe, every time the course is offered, the 300 or so students that enroll posed over 10,000 questions. The questions are often repetitive. This led Goe to wonder if a smart robot would handle the questions(which require standard responses)---things like dates when assignments are due.
Having worked with IBM's Watson technology platform in the past, the professor knew it would be ideal for the virtual TA: Jill Watson. The artificial intelligence system that uses natural language processing and machine learning to analyze large amounts of data has even been cleverer than human competitors on the television show, Jeopardy.) It would therefore easily be able to handle routine questions that required little thinking).