《安全工程专业英语》教学课件 unit5

The legal framework for health and safety
There are two sub-divisions of the law that apply to health and safety issues: criminal law and civil law. Criminal law consists of rules of behavior laid down by the Government or the State and, normally, enacted by Parliament through Acts of Parliament. These rules or Acts are imposed on the people for the protection of the people. Criminal law is enforced by several different Government Agencies who may prosecute individuals and organizations for contravening criminal laws.
Legislation of occupational health andห้องสมุดไป่ตู้safety
These factory acts were developed to help improve the poor working conditions in factories and mines that had developed during the Industrial Revolution. The English Factory Act style of legislation is prescriptive and requires the attainment of minimum standards and the periodic inspection of the workplace. In 1972 a new style of legislation was introduced in South Australia, and in 1974 in the United Kingdom, as the result of the findings of the Robens Committee – the Health and Safety at Work Act.
Legislation of occupational health and safety
Safety laws vary with country especially at home and aboard. But occupational health and safety legislation in most of countries has a similar framework – the Robens model, one kind of selfregulation style legislation. Numbers of states either adopt the Robens model completely or in part. In UK, the original occupational health and safety legislation was based on the English Factory Acts (1833–1894) and the Workers’ Compensation Act of 1897.
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An overview on safety law
While you are at work, in whatever location or environment that may be (e.g. on a building site or in a client’s home), you need to be aware of that there are safety laws to protect you from harm. The laws state how you should be protected and what your employer has to do to keep you safe, i.e. their responsibilities. Health and safety legislation not only protects you, but also states what your responsibilities are in order to keep others safe. It is very important that you follow any guidance given to you regarding health and safety and that you know what your responsibilities are.
The legal framework for health and safety
One example of criminal law enforcement agency is The Health and Safety at Work (HSW). Act is an example of criminal law and this is enforced either by the HSE or Local Authority Environmental Health Officers (EHOs). Other agencies which enforce criminal law include the Fire Authority, the Environment Agency, Trading Standards and Customs and Excise. Civil law concerns disputes between individuals or individuals and companies. An individual sues another individual or company to address a civil wrong or tort.