高三英语(创新通用)一轮复习(课件)第2部分 专题7 定语从句
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“You can't judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes. 正如老话所说的那样：“人不可貌相。”
考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句 1．where 引导的定语从句 where 表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词 in/at/on...＋ which”。 (2016·天津高考)I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. 我去了一所特殊学校，在那里我得到了足够的额外帮助。
(2)限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用 that 不用 which 的情况： ①先行词为不定代词 anything，nothing，something，everything，all，some， none，little，few，the one 等时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 ②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修 饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
③先行词被 the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few， little，no，some，all 等修饰时。
The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert. 这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。 ④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
① I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.
我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 ②I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post cards. 我有很多我打算给寄贺卡的朋友。
我在班上有一位意想不到的助教，他的创造性经常感染其他的学生。
2．that，which 引导的定语从句 (1)which 指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语，也可作定语，作宾语时可以省 略。that 指人或物均可，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 ①She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 ②(2016·天津高考)Every day I practiced reading and writing，which I used to avoid as much as possible. 每天我都练习过去尽量避免去做的阅读和写作。
He kept lying to me，which annoyed me greatly. 他总是对我说谎，这事使我很恼火。
(2)as 也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句 之前、之中或之后。
常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：as the saying goes，as is said above，as is mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper 等。
(3)关系代词只用 which 而不用 that 的情况： ①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。 The boy was away from home for a week，which worried his parents very much. 这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。 ②关系代词前有介词时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。
(2)whose 表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当 于 of which；指人时相当于 of whom。
(2016·全国甲卷)I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students.
精 剖
专题七 定语从句
高 效
析
练
考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who，whom，whose 引导的定语从句 (1)who 或 whom 均可指代人，但 who 在从句中作主语或宾语，whom 在从句 中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用 that 替换。作主语时，who/that 不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that 可以省略。
Biblioteka Baidu
3．as 引导的定语从句 (1)as 可以引导限制性定语从句，常用于“so/such/the same＋先行词＋as...” 结构中。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
[易错警示] which 引导定语从句代指前面整句话的内容时只能位于主句之 后。
考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句 1．where 引导的定语从句 where 表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词 in/at/on...＋ which”。 (2016·天津高考)I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. 我去了一所特殊学校，在那里我得到了足够的额外帮助。
(2)限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用 that 不用 which 的情况： ①先行词为不定代词 anything，nothing，something，everything，all，some， none，little，few，the one 等时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 ②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修 饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
③先行词被 the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few， little，no，some，all 等修饰时。
The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert. 这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。 ④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
① I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.
我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 ②I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post cards. 我有很多我打算给寄贺卡的朋友。
我在班上有一位意想不到的助教，他的创造性经常感染其他的学生。
2．that，which 引导的定语从句 (1)which 指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语，也可作定语，作宾语时可以省 略。that 指人或物均可，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 ①She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 ②(2016·天津高考)Every day I practiced reading and writing，which I used to avoid as much as possible. 每天我都练习过去尽量避免去做的阅读和写作。
He kept lying to me，which annoyed me greatly. 他总是对我说谎，这事使我很恼火。
(2)as 也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句 之前、之中或之后。
常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：as the saying goes，as is said above，as is mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper 等。
(3)关系代词只用 which 而不用 that 的情况： ①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。 The boy was away from home for a week，which worried his parents very much. 这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。 ②关系代词前有介词时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。
(2)whose 表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当 于 of which；指人时相当于 of whom。
(2016·全国甲卷)I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students.
精 剖
专题七 定语从句
高 效
析
练
考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who，whom，whose 引导的定语从句 (1)who 或 whom 均可指代人，但 who 在从句中作主语或宾语，whom 在从句 中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用 that 替换。作主语时，who/that 不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that 可以省略。
Biblioteka Baidu
3．as 引导的定语从句 (1)as 可以引导限制性定语从句，常用于“so/such/the same＋先行词＋as...” 结构中。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
[易错警示] which 引导定语从句代指前面整句话的内容时只能位于主句之 后。