高中英语《语法》复习课件
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2.I lived here for ten years.（现在不住在这儿） I have lived here for ten years.（现在仍住在这儿）
过去完成时(过去的过去) 构成：had +done 1.表示在某一时刻之前已经开始，并一直延续到那一时刻或在那时 刻之前已经完成的动作
By the end of last year, we had learned 1000 words. 2.有些动词如hope,intend打算,plan,mean打算,expect,think,want, suppose认为,wish的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望，打算 或意图。
It is the first time that I have come to Beijing. 2.it/this/that is(was)the+形容词最高级sth+(that)sb has/have done .
This is the most exciting movie that I have seen. 3.It has been+时长+sb did sth
短暂动词的转换： leave离开-be away borrow借-keep arrive到达-be(in) marry结婚-be married (to) join加入某组织-be in
1.He bought a house（买了房子，现在可能拥有，可能卖掉了） He has bought a house （现在已拥有房子）
morning. 4.表达一种情绪。 He was always ringing me up(厌烦) 5.客气委婉地表达自己的想法。 I was hoping you could reconsider(重新考虑) my suggestion.
将来进行时 构成：shall/will be doing (1)表将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 I will be writing an article. When you get to the station at nine tomorrow, your uncle will be waiting for you there. (2)表示按计划将要发生的动作 They will be having their holiday in August. I hope you will be coming on time.
将来完成进行时 构成：shall/will+have been doing 表示动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到将来的某一时刻，很可能还会持续下去 I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
过去完成进行时 构成：had+been+doing 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去的另一时间还在进行的动作。 When he came in, we had been talking for an hour.
冠词：
1.不定冠词 ：a an
This is a book.
This is an elephant.
Here comes the teacher. (6)图片，电影的说明，解说；戏剧的内容等。
一般过去时 标志词：yesterday/last week/the other day不久前的一天 /…ago…以前/in1980/just now… (1)表示过去经常，反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
When I was a child, I often went to that park. (2)表示过去发生的短暂的动作。 The murderer(凶手，杀人犯)died in a car accident. (3)在时间，条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来 时。
2.定冠词：the
(1)指双方都明白的事物。
Take the medicine three times a day.
Leabharlann Baidu
(2)指上文提到过的人或事。
He bought a house. I have been to the house.
(3)指世界上独一无二的(the son/earth/moon)
The moon is big.
He said when she came he would tell her.
一般将来时 （1）表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一时间内经常的动作或状态。 I will go to school tomorrow. Shall we go to the park? 注意：shall用于第一人称，will都可以。 （2）be going to+动词原形 多用于口语，表示打算，计划，准备即将做某事。 They are going to Australia. （3）be to do sth(安排好的事，按规则，惯例;或表命令要求) Trump(特朗普)is to take office (就职，上任)tomorrow. You are not to smoke in the office. （4）be about to do sth马上很快就要发生的事（不和具体的时间状语搭配） Hurry up! The movie is about to begin. The train is about to leave .（正确） The train is about to leave in five minutes/at 9:00.（错误） I was about to fall asleep when the teacher called my name. (be about to do…when… 正要做…这时…)
It has been seven years since I last saw him.
1.He has died for five years.(错误) He has been dead for five years.(正确)
2.I have bought the house for three years.(错误) I have had the house for three years.(正确)
时态： 一般现在时： （1）表示经常，反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 We often go to school.
She is a teacher. （2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。 The sun rises in the east.
Three plus two is five. (3)arrive,be,begin,go,leave,return,come,start等表示按计划发生的动作或状态。 My train leaves at 6:00. (4)在时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时(if,when,in case假使 ，万一, before,after, until, unless, as soon as…) I will let you know as soon as I hear from you. (5)here, there开头的一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。 There goes the bell.
He is having a meeting now.
Look! They are dacing. （2）表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。（标志词：these days,this week,this month, this term这个学期….）
What is he doing this week?
She was studying in Beijing University at that time. 3.过去进行时表将来(come/go/arrive/leave/start/begin/return等)
We were excited because we were flying to Paris the next
You are always finding faults with me. （5）表示过程
It is getting hot.
过去进行时 构成：was/were+v-ing 1.过去某时刻正在做的事情。
What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday? 2.过去某阶段正在做的事。
She is the most beautiful
注意：within five minutes 五分钟之内 in five minutes用于一般将来时多翻译成五分钟之后，用于过去时可翻译
成五分钟之内。
现在进行时 构成：(am/is/are+v-ing) （1）表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作(标志词：look, now,at the moment此 刻现在)
现在完成时 构成：have/has +done 标志词：already,yet已经,so far,by now,two days ago,recently/lately最近,for a few days,up to now, up till now,for+一段时间，during the past+一段时间,since+ 时间点(从……时间以来)等。 1.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
I shall have finished my homework by ten o’clock.
现在完成进行时 构成：have/has+been+doing (1)表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去。 Where have you been living these years? They have been working for two hours. (2)表示不久前刚结束的动作。 Sorry, I’m late. How long have you been waiting for me ?
He is writing a novel. （3）表示按计划安排即将发生的动作（如go,come,leave,arrive等）
The train is leaving in 15 minutes. （4）现在进行时常与副词always, constantly(经常地，不断地),forever等连用表 示反复出现或习惯性动作，含有责备，批评，不满，厌恶，遗憾等情感。
We had planned for 20 guests but only 10 arrived.
将来完成时
shall/will+have done 1.表示动作或状态延续到将来的某一时间。 We shall have walked a long way before we reach the village. 2.表示动作或状态在将来某一时间之前已经结束，但其影响却延续 到那一时间。
He has lived here sine he was born.
I have been ill for two weeks. 注意：此时需要用持续性/延续性动词，如：
saty,keep,know,work,sleep,study,lie,rain… 2.表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作 I have lost my key(我进不了门) The elevator has broken down.(我们可能得爬楼梯…) 固定句型： 1.It/this/that is(was) the +序数词time(that)sb+have/has done sth
(4)指一类人(the young/the poor/the old……)
The rich live a happy life.
(5)表示一家人
The Greens are kind to me.
(6)乐器前
play the violin(小提琴)/piano
(7)形容词最高级前面要用the(副词最高级前面的the可省略)
过去完成时(过去的过去) 构成：had +done 1.表示在某一时刻之前已经开始，并一直延续到那一时刻或在那时 刻之前已经完成的动作
By the end of last year, we had learned 1000 words. 2.有些动词如hope,intend打算,plan,mean打算,expect,think,want, suppose认为,wish的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望，打算 或意图。
It is the first time that I have come to Beijing. 2.it/this/that is(was)the+形容词最高级sth+(that)sb has/have done .
This is the most exciting movie that I have seen. 3.It has been+时长+sb did sth
短暂动词的转换： leave离开-be away borrow借-keep arrive到达-be(in) marry结婚-be married (to) join加入某组织-be in
1.He bought a house（买了房子，现在可能拥有，可能卖掉了） He has bought a house （现在已拥有房子）
morning. 4.表达一种情绪。 He was always ringing me up(厌烦) 5.客气委婉地表达自己的想法。 I was hoping you could reconsider(重新考虑) my suggestion.
将来进行时 构成：shall/will be doing (1)表将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 I will be writing an article. When you get to the station at nine tomorrow, your uncle will be waiting for you there. (2)表示按计划将要发生的动作 They will be having their holiday in August. I hope you will be coming on time.
将来完成进行时 构成：shall/will+have been doing 表示动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到将来的某一时刻，很可能还会持续下去 I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
过去完成进行时 构成：had+been+doing 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去的另一时间还在进行的动作。 When he came in, we had been talking for an hour.
冠词：
1.不定冠词 ：a an
This is a book.
This is an elephant.
Here comes the teacher. (6)图片，电影的说明，解说；戏剧的内容等。
一般过去时 标志词：yesterday/last week/the other day不久前的一天 /…ago…以前/in1980/just now… (1)表示过去经常，反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
When I was a child, I often went to that park. (2)表示过去发生的短暂的动作。 The murderer(凶手，杀人犯)died in a car accident. (3)在时间，条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来 时。
2.定冠词：the
(1)指双方都明白的事物。
Take the medicine three times a day.
Leabharlann Baidu
(2)指上文提到过的人或事。
He bought a house. I have been to the house.
(3)指世界上独一无二的(the son/earth/moon)
The moon is big.
He said when she came he would tell her.
一般将来时 （1）表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一时间内经常的动作或状态。 I will go to school tomorrow. Shall we go to the park? 注意：shall用于第一人称，will都可以。 （2）be going to+动词原形 多用于口语，表示打算，计划，准备即将做某事。 They are going to Australia. （3）be to do sth(安排好的事，按规则，惯例;或表命令要求) Trump(特朗普)is to take office (就职，上任)tomorrow. You are not to smoke in the office. （4）be about to do sth马上很快就要发生的事（不和具体的时间状语搭配） Hurry up! The movie is about to begin. The train is about to leave .（正确） The train is about to leave in five minutes/at 9:00.（错误） I was about to fall asleep when the teacher called my name. (be about to do…when… 正要做…这时…)
It has been seven years since I last saw him.
1.He has died for five years.(错误) He has been dead for five years.(正确)
2.I have bought the house for three years.(错误) I have had the house for three years.(正确)
时态： 一般现在时： （1）表示经常，反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 We often go to school.
She is a teacher. （2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。 The sun rises in the east.
Three plus two is five. (3)arrive,be,begin,go,leave,return,come,start等表示按计划发生的动作或状态。 My train leaves at 6:00. (4)在时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时(if,when,in case假使 ，万一, before,after, until, unless, as soon as…) I will let you know as soon as I hear from you. (5)here, there开头的一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。 There goes the bell.
He is having a meeting now.
Look! They are dacing. （2）表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。（标志词：these days,this week,this month, this term这个学期….）
What is he doing this week?
She was studying in Beijing University at that time. 3.过去进行时表将来(come/go/arrive/leave/start/begin/return等)
We were excited because we were flying to Paris the next
You are always finding faults with me. （5）表示过程
It is getting hot.
过去进行时 构成：was/were+v-ing 1.过去某时刻正在做的事情。
What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday? 2.过去某阶段正在做的事。
She is the most beautiful
注意：within five minutes 五分钟之内 in five minutes用于一般将来时多翻译成五分钟之后，用于过去时可翻译
成五分钟之内。
现在进行时 构成：(am/is/are+v-ing) （1）表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作(标志词：look, now,at the moment此 刻现在)
现在完成时 构成：have/has +done 标志词：already,yet已经,so far,by now,two days ago,recently/lately最近,for a few days,up to now, up till now,for+一段时间，during the past+一段时间,since+ 时间点(从……时间以来)等。 1.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
I shall have finished my homework by ten o’clock.
现在完成进行时 构成：have/has+been+doing (1)表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去。 Where have you been living these years? They have been working for two hours. (2)表示不久前刚结束的动作。 Sorry, I’m late. How long have you been waiting for me ?
He is writing a novel. （3）表示按计划安排即将发生的动作（如go,come,leave,arrive等）
The train is leaving in 15 minutes. （4）现在进行时常与副词always, constantly(经常地，不断地),forever等连用表 示反复出现或习惯性动作，含有责备，批评，不满，厌恶，遗憾等情感。
We had planned for 20 guests but only 10 arrived.
将来完成时
shall/will+have done 1.表示动作或状态延续到将来的某一时间。 We shall have walked a long way before we reach the village. 2.表示动作或状态在将来某一时间之前已经结束，但其影响却延续 到那一时间。
He has lived here sine he was born.
I have been ill for two weeks. 注意：此时需要用持续性/延续性动词，如：
saty,keep,know,work,sleep,study,lie,rain… 2.表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作 I have lost my key(我进不了门) The elevator has broken down.(我们可能得爬楼梯…) 固定句型： 1.It/this/that is(was) the +序数词time(that)sb+have/has done sth
(4)指一类人(the young/the poor/the old……)
The rich live a happy life.
(5)表示一家人
The Greens are kind to me.
(6)乐器前
play the violin(小提琴)/piano
(7)形容词最高级前面要用the(副词最高级前面的the可省略)