西北师范大学(2010-2017)考研真题
西北师范大学(2010-2017)考研真题
2017年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1.教育目的2.分支型学制3.公学4.罗森塔尔效应5.鸿都门学6.要素教育二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）1.简述德育的途径。
2.简述教师劳动的特点。
3.为什么说教育在人的发展中发挥着主导作用？4.简述晏阳初的教育思想。
5.南京国民时期的教育方针与教育原则。
6.学习动机与学习效果的关系。
7.教学中促进学习迁移的措施。
三、论述题（每题25分，共计50分）1.教育对经济的作用及经济对教育的影响。
2.斯巴达和雅典教育特点之比较。
2016年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1．义务教育2．班级授课制3．公学4．快乐之家5．六等黜陟法6．素丝说7．自我效能感8．最近发展区二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）1．简述影响知识理解的因素。
2．简述洛克的体育教育思想。
3．简述斯宾塞的科学教育理论。
4．简述1922年新学制的特点。
5．简述熙宁兴学内容与特点。
6．简述资源管理策略的类型。
7．简述现代教育的特点。
三、论述题（每题20分，共计40分）1．教学过程中为什么既要发挥教师主导作用又要发挥学生的主动性？并说明应该怎么处理这对关系？2．班主任的工作内容以及怎样建设班集体？2015年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1．课程标准2．德育3．分斋教学法4．生活教育理论5．贝尔-兰卡斯特制（导生制）6．恩物7．元认知8．品德二、简答题（每题10分，共计80分）1．中小学常用的教学方法有哪些？2．学校管理的发展趋势是什么？3．简答《学记》中的教育教学原则及其含义。
4．简要阐述颜元学校改革的思想。
5．文艺复兴时期人文主义教育的基本特点。
6．简述夸美纽斯在教育史上的贡献和地位。
7．联系实际，谈谈老师如何激发学生的学习动机？8．简述“中小学心理健康指导纲要（2012年修订）”提出的学校开展心理健康教育的途径。
2010年各大高校教育硕士考研【333教育综合】考研真题试题(经典17套)
2010年各大高校教育硕士考研【333教育综合】考研真题试题目录2010年苏州大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (2)2010年中山大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (3)2010年浙江师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (4)2010年徐州师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (5)2010年西南大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (6)2010年天津师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (7)2010年首都师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (8)2010年山东师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (9)2010年曲阜师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (10)2010年青岛大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (11)2010年宁波大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (12)2010年聊城大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (13)2010年华中师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (14)2010年华东师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (15)2010年河南大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (16)2010年东北师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (17)2010年安徽师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (18)2010年苏州大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题一、名词解释1人的发展2教育的社会流动功能3终身教育4元认知5骑士教育6有教无类二、简答1教师角色的冲突有哪些？如何解决？2比较孟子与荀子人性观及他们对教育的作用的认识。
3学生认知的差异有哪些表现？为此，教学应注意哪些方面？4简述卢梭的自然教育思想。
三、论述1教育的相对独立性表现在哪些方面？并就此谈谈你对教育与社会发展的关系的认识。
2试论隋唐科举制与学校教育的关系，并分析其在历史上的影响。
3试述皮亚杰的道德认知发展理论，并联系实际加以评价。
4试述文艺复兴时期人文主义教育的主要特征，影响及其贡献。
一、概念解释(6小题，每小题5分，共30分)I、教育学2、因材施教3、教育目的4、陶冶5、奥苏伯尔的有意义学习6、知识领会二、简答题(4小题，每小题10分，共40分)1、简谈学生掌握知识的基本阶段2、简谈教师劳动的基本特点3、简述汉武帝文教政策的基本内容4、简述人文主义教育的基本特征三、论述题(4小题，每小题20分，共80分)1、谈谈影响人的发展因素及其相互关系2、谈谈蔡元培的教育思想及其现实意义3、论述要素主义教育思想的主要观点4、联系实际谈谈在教学中如何运用迁移的原理和规律促进学生的学习一、名词解释题（共6小题，每小题5分，共30分）1.个人本位论2.教学策略3.监生历事制度4.中体西用5.苏格拉底教学法6.骑士教育二、简答题（共4小题，每小题10分，共40分）7.教育的要素及相互关系。
2010年西北师范大学汉教真题解析
2010年西北师范大学汉教真题解析汉语基础壹、汉语语言学基础知识（共80分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共30分）1.官话又称——，是现代汉民族共同语（普通话）的基础。
2.与英语相比，从语音上看，现代汉语的一个音节内，无论开头或结尾都没有两个或三个——相连的现象。
3.与古代汉语相比，现代汉语词汇在发展过程中逐渐趋向——。
4.语音有物理性、生理性和——三种性质。
5.声母的不同是由发音部位和——决定的。
6.声调指的是依附在声韵结构中具有——作用的音高变化。
7.注音时，声调符号要标在音节的——上。
8.汉语一个音节有声母、韵母、声调三部分构成，如果再分析还可以把韵母分成——、韵腹和韵尾三部分。
9.舌面音jqx只能与齐齿呼、——相拼。
10.现代汉语普通话大约有——个音节（包括声调）。
11.汉字是属于——体系的文字。
12.由商周的甲骨文、金文、发展为篆书，由篆书发展为——、楷书，这是汉字字体演变的主流。
13.现行汉字的结构单位有两级：一是笔画，二是——。
14.部首是字书中各部的首字，具有给字形——的作用。
15.语言中最小的音义结合体是——。
16.由两个或两个以上的语素构成的词叫做——。
17.单纯词有_________、叠音词、音译词、拟声词四种形式。
18.附加式合成词由词根和________构成。
19.“司令、管家、失业”这三个词的结构方式都是___________。
20.“推子、想头、学者”在构词上都属于___________。
21.“别人、别去、别针”中的“别”属于________合成词。
22.词的转义主要通过引申和__________两种方法产生。
23.歇后语“旗杆顶上绑鸡毛_____好大的掸（胆）子”是采用_________的方式来表达语义。
24.副词的语法特征是一般只能充当__________。
25.语气的表达有不同的手段，首先是语调，其次是__________词。
26.根据结构特点，疑问句可以分为是非问，特指问___________、反正问。
西北师范大学2017年博士研究生入学考试英语试题_20190117125658
西北师范大学2017年攻读博士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语考试日期：2017年4月1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
Part L Listening Comprehension(25％)Section A:Spot DictationDirections:In this section,you are going to hear a passage.The passage will he read only once.As you listen to the passage,fill in the blanks with the words you hear.After the passage,there will be a3-minute pause. During the pause,you must write the words on the Answer Sheet.A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students(1)____the learning of English vocabulary.The results were urprising.I'll(2)____three of them.firstly,most of the stcrdeaats think that(3)____every word ill English has just one meaning.This is,of course:,completely(4)____to the facts.A glance at any English dictionary will show this.The student will (5)____find seven or eight meanings listed for(6)____simple'words.Why,then,have these students made such a mistake:'One reason irnay be that they're.ill(7)____. students.Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning,and one meaning only. Another reason.,of course,could be the way in Which these Student,Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner English.(M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-,on the other sloe,a single\ti'ord in the(Q)native language.'l°he second attitude that(10)____from the findings is equally mistaken.(11)____all the students think that every word in English has an exact(12)____equivalent.Again,this is far from the trijth.Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a(13)____in the student's native languial c."there are other(l4)____ill translation which we won't mention here.(:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation(15)____is completely false.Translation machines,which tried to work on this(16)____failed completely.The third result'of the investigation showed another(17)____in the students'thinking.They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word,they're in a(18)____to use it correctly.This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly(19)____for English.The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means.Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations.What,then,is the best way to increase one's vocabulary?This can be answered in threewords-observation,(20)____and repetition.Section B:Multiple ChoiceDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage.At the end of the passage,you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once.After each question,there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet.21.A)It had no efFect on living cells.13)It had effects on living cells.C)It had effects only on children.I))It had effects only on adults.22.A)An increasing number of cancers in children.I3)A link between an electric current and the energy fold.C)A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field.1))A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line.23.A)446.13)464.C)223.1))234.24.A)Because he doesn't have enough evidence.R)Because other scientists have not studied his results yet.C.)Because he discovered nodirect link between disease and electricity.D)Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet beenproved.25.A)Health and environment.B)Electric current and the energy field.C)Electricity and cancer.D)Electrical workers and cancer.Section C:Question and AnswerDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage.The passage will be read only once.Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard.Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.26.Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town?27.Why do many small town doctors work long hours?28.What is the growing problem in theUnited States?29.How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in1979?30.Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o€5,000dollar to?Part11[.Vocabulary(20%),Directions:In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.31.To qualify for such a position,the native would first have to receive specialized training,and thisis____A)refused B)discouragedC)denied D)forbidden32.The little girl wore a very thin coat.A sudden gust of cold wind made her____A)whirl B)shiftC)shiver D)shake33.Presently,there are nine teachers in my team,who have____the task of teaching advanced English tomore than500non-English majors.A)inclined B)hesitatedC)afforded D)undertaken34.The press demands that politicians____the sources of their income.A)betray B)concealC)disclose D)renew35.Having gone through all kinds of hardships in life,he became a m with a strong____A)philosophy B)idealismC)morality D)personality36.One new____to learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context.A)approach B)solutionC)manner D)road37.To maintain public____is not only the policemen's duty but f every citizen's responsibility.A)custom B)confidenceC)security D)simplicity38.All was dark in the district except for a candle____through th curtains in one of houses.A)glimmering B)glitteringC)flaming D)blazing39.One of the stands____and dozens of people were either killer or injured.A)destroyed B)collapsedC)corroded D)ruined40."Me,afraid of him?"he said with a(n)____smile,"Not me!"A)contemptible B)amusingC)contagious D)contemptuous41.He will simply no listen to anybody;he is____to argument.A)impervious B)imperceptibleC)impassable D)blunt42.Stop asking all these personal questions!It is bad manners to beA)inquisitive B)impatientC)acquisitive D)informative43.He____between life and death for a few days but then he pul:A)hovered B)lurchedC)wavered D)fluctuated44.We are prepared to satisfy all your____claimA}legitimate B)legibleC)intimate D)legislative45.There is not a Greek word which is the exact____of the English word'stile'.A)equivalent B)copyC)counterpart D)meaning46.The prizes will be____at the end of the school year.A)distributed B)attributedC)granted D)contributed47.During our stay in Paris we were splendidly____by the Italian Ambassador.A)sustained B)maintainedC)retained D)entertained48.On leaving,we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality____to us and our friends.A)extended B)expandedC)expended D)awarded49.If the dispute is not settled in a(n)____way soon,the two countries will certainly go to war.A)amiable B)amicableC)inimical D)unfriendly50,If I may be so____as to advise you,my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.A)generous B)humbleC)proud D)bold51.If you take a(n)____course like her you can learn English in less than two years.A)intensive B)extensiveC)expansive D)retentive52.After a year's hard work I think I am____to a long holiday.10,A)entailed B)deservedC)entitled D)satisfied53.Thousands of people____from Greece every year to work in West Germany.A)emigrate B)leaveC)abandon D)immigrate54,lie was a member of the Hillary____that conquered MountEverest.A)mission B)invasionC)experiment D)expedition55.It was my sad duty to____the news of John's death to his family.A)submit B)breakC)say D)proclaim56.He____himself as a war correspondent in Vietnam.A)discerned B)distinguishedC)discriminated D)extinguished57.She____his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A)inclined B)declinedC)denied D)disinclined58.He was____with attempted robbery and held in custody..A)accused B)prosecutedC)charged D)arrested59.What the witness said in court was not____with the statement he made to the police.A)prevalent B)relevantC)consistent D)coincident60.Molly has always beep a(n)____child;she becomes ill easily.A)delicate B)gloomyC)energetic D)confident61.There are some very beautifully____glass windows in the church.A)designed B)drawnC)marked D)stained62.The man who never tries anything new is a(n)____on the wheels of progress.A)obstacle B)brakeC)break D)block63.There is a sale at Hamfridge's next week with____in all departments.A)decreases B)subtractionsC)reductions D)accounts64.Doctors have long known that if a patient is____that he will recover and is treated with sympathy,his painwill often disappear.A)assumed B)assuredC)informed D)proved65:Although most birds have only a____sense of smell,they have acute vision.A}genuine.B)negativeC)negligible D)condensed66.We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be____with either money or secret information.A）entrusted B)committedC)consigned D)assigned67.If you never review your lessons,you will only have yourself to____if you fail in your examination.A)complain B)blameC)mistake D)fault68.We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go,so the game looked completely____A)irresistible B)irremissibleC}irreplaceable D)irretrievable69.Had the explosion broken out,the passagers in the plane should have been killed,for it was____timedwith the plane's take-off.A)spontaneously B)instantaneouslyC}simultaneously D)conscientiously70.The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able to____who hard fired first.A)encounter B)highlightC}testify D)identifyPart III.Reading Comprehension(50minutes,30points)Directions:There are6passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and write your answer on the Answer Sheet.One day in1963,a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer,Carl Sagan,were playing a little game.The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other.He was standing a t the edge of one of the tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept.Elvar had just swum up alongside hiui,and had turned on his back.He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again,as the astronomer had done twice before.But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him.Elvar looked up at Sagan,waiting.Then,after a minute or so,the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the word`More?'The astonished astronomer went-to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.`Oh,yes:That's one of the words he knows,'the director said,showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have,andit has been known for a long time that they can make a number o€sounds.What is more,these sounds seem to have different functions,such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster,and much further in water than it does in air.That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans.But can it be said that dolphins have a `language'in the real sense of the word?Scientists don't agree on this.A language is not just a collection of sounds,or even words.A language has a structure,or what we call a grammar.The grammar of a language helps to give it meaning.For example,the two questions`Who loves Mary?'and`Who does Mary love?' mean different things.If you stop to think about it,you will see that this difference doesn't come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure.That is why the question`Can dolphins speak?' can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in ways which affect their meaning.71.The dolphin leapt into the air becauseA)Sagan had turned his backB)it was part of the game they were playingC)he wanted Sagan to scratch him againD)Sagan wanted him to do this72.When Sagan told the director about what the dolphin had done,the directorA)didn't seem to think it was unusualB)thought Sagan was jokingC)told Sagan about other words the dolphin knewD)asked him if he knew other words73.Dolphins'brains are particularly well-developed toA)help them to travel fast in waterB)arrange sounds in different structuresC)respond to different kinds of soundD)communicate with humans through sound74.The sounds we call words can be called a language only ifA)each sound has a different meaningB)each sound is different from the otherC)there is a system of writingD)they have a structure or grammarMarried people live"happily ever after"in fairy tales,but they do so less and less often in real life.1,like many of my friends,got married,divorced,and remarried.I suppose,to some people,I'm a failure.After all,I broke my first solemn promise to"love and cherish until death us do part."But I feel that I'm finally a success.I learned from the mistakes I made in my first marriage.This time around,the ways my husband and I share our free time,make decisions,and deal with problems are very different.I learned,first of all,not to be a clinging vine(依赖男子的妇女).In my first marriage,I felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted.If Ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game,I felt rejected and talked him into staying home.I wouldn't accept an offer to go to a movie or join an exercise class it'it meant that Ray would be home alone.I realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together.In contrast,my second husband and I spend some of our tree time apart and try to have interests of our own.I have started playing racquetball at a health club,and Davidsometimes takes off to go to the local auto races with his friends.When we are together,we aren't bored with each other;our separate interests make us more interesting people.I learned not only to be apart sometimes but also to work together when it's time to make decisions.When Ray and I were married,I left all the important decisions to him.He decided how we would spend money, whether we should sell the car or fix it,and where to take a vacation.I know now that I went along with this so that I wouldn't have to take the responsibility when things went wrong.I could always end an argument by saying,"It was your fault!"With my second marriage,I am trying to be a full partner.We ask each other's opinions on major decisions and try to compromise if we disagree.If we make the wrong choice,we're equally guilty.When we rented an apartment,for example,we both had to take the blame for not noticing the drafty windows and the"no pets"clause in our lease.Maybe the most important thing I've learned is to be a grown-up about facing problems.David and i have made a vow to face our troubles like adults.If we're mad at each other or worried and upset,we say how we feel.Rather than hide behind our own misery,we talk about the problem until we discover how to fix it.Everybody argues or has to deal with the occasional crisis,but Ray and I always reacted like children to these stormy times.I would lock myself in the spare bedroom.Ray would stalk out of the house,slam the door,and race off in the car.Then I would cry and worry till he returned.I wish that my first marriage hadn't been the place where I learned how to make a relationship work, but at least I did learn.1feel better now about being an independent person,about making decisions,and about facing problems.My second marriage isn't perfect,but it doesn't have the deep flaws that made the first one fall apart.75.Which of the following has contributed to the writer's divorce?A)Her former husband went out to watch football games.B)She started to play racquetball at a health club.C)They spent too much time together and got bored with each other.D)They spent so little time together that they could not talk to each other.76.It can be learned from the passage that the writer,in her first marriage,A)took less responsibility than she should for major decisionB)tool:the same responsibility as her husbandC)took more blame when things went wrongD)felt equally guilty when things went wrong77.Which of the following that the author should have said when she quarrelled with her former husband but she did not.A)"It was your fault!"B)"Maybe you're right."C)"It's none of your business."D)"It's none of my business."78.All the problems between the writer and David can be resolved becauseA)they hide their feelingsB)they lock themselves in their bedroomC)they have promised not to be mad at each otherD)they dare to face them79,The writer's second marriage is different from the first one in all the following ways exceptA)that they share their free timeB)that they make their decisions togetherC)that they talk to each otherD)that they deal with their troubles together80.The best title for the passage isA)First MarriageB)Second MarriageC)DivorceD)Perfect Marriage（3）Classified Advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising.Such groupings as"Help Wanted","Real Estate,""Lost and Found" are made,the rate charged being less than that for display advertising.Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.The reader who,is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him.The advertiser may,on this account,use a very small advertisement that would be lost if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper.It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper.He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs.As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely to much extent on display type to get the reader's attention.Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type.With the increase in the number of such advertisements,however,each advertiser within a certain group is vying with others in the same group for the reader's attention.In many cases the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures.In that way the classified advertisement has in reality become a display advertisement.This is particularly true of realestate advertising.81.Classified advertising is different to display advertising becauseA)all advertisements of a certain type are grouped togetherB)it is more distinguishedC)it is more expensiveD)nowadays the classified advertisements are all of the same size82.One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement isA)house for saleB)people who are asking for helpC)people who are lostD)real antiques for sale83.What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisements,according to thewriter?A)They are in the frame of mind to buy anything.B)They are looking for something they need.C)They feel lost because there are so many advertisements.D)They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements.84.What does the writer say about the classified advertisements that used to be put in the papers?A)They used to be voluntary.B)They used to use display type.C)They were all the same size.D)They were more formal.85.Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance,according to the writer?A)Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B)Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C）Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be smaller now.D)Because there are more advertisements now and more competition amongst advertisers..（4）Mr Abu,the laboratory attendant,came in from the adjoining store and briskly cleaned the blackboard.He was a retired African sergeant from the Army Medical Corps and was feared by the boys.If he caught any of them in any petty thieving,he offered them the choice of a hard smack on the bottom or of being reported to the science masters.Most boys chose the former as they knew the matter would end there with no long interviews,moral arguments and an entry in the conduct book.The science master,a man called Vernier,stepped in and stood on his small platform.Vernier set the experiments for the day and demonstrated them,then retired behind the"Church Times"which he read seriously in between walking quickly along the rows of laboratory benches,advising boys.It was a simple heat experiment to show that a dark surface gave out more heat by radiation than a bright surface.During the class,Vernier was called away to the telephone and Abu was not about,having retired to the lavatory for a smoke.As soon as a posted guard announced that he was out of sight,minor pandemonium('N k)broke out.Some of the boys raided the store.The wealthier ones took rubber tubing to make catapults and to repair bicycles,and helped themselves to chemicals for developing photographic films.The poorer boys, with a more determined aim,took only things of strict commercial interst which could be sold easily in the market.They emptied stuff into bottles in their pockets.Soda for making soap,magnesium sulphate for opening medicine,salt for cooking,liquid paraffin for women's hairdressing,and fine yellow iodoform powder much in demand for sprinkling on sores.Kojo objected mildly to all this."Oh,shut up!"a few boys said.Sorie,a huge boy who always wore a fez indoors,commanded respect and some leadership in the class. He was gently drinking his favourite mixture of diluted alcohol and bicarbonate----which he called"gin and fizz"----from a beaker."Look here,Kojo,you are getting out of hand.What do you think our parents pay taxes and school fees for?For us to enjoy----or to buy a new car every year for Simpson?"The other boys laughed. Simpson was the European headmaster,feared by the small boys,adored by the boys in the middle school,and liked,in a critical fashion,with reservations,by some of the senior boys and African masters.He had a passion for new motor-cars,buying one yearly."Come to think of it,"Sorie continued to Kojo,"you must take something yourself,then we'll know we are safe,""Yes,you must,"the other boys insisted.Kojo gave in and,unwillingly,took a little nitrate for some gunpowder experiments which he was carrying out at home."Someone!"the look-out called.The boys ran back to their seats in a moment.Sorie washed out his mouth,at the sink with some water.Mr Abu,the laboratory attendant,entered and observed the innocent expression on the faces of thewhole class.He looked round fiercely and suspiciously,and then sniffed the air.It was a physicsexperiment,but the place smelled chemical.However,Vemier came in then.After asking if anyonewas in difficulties,and finding that no one could in a moment think up anything,he retired to hischair and settled down to an article on Christian reunion.86,The boys were afraid of Mr Abu becauseA)he had been an Army sergeant and had military ideas of disciplineB)he reported them to the Science masters whenever he caught them petty thievingC)he was cruelD)he believed in strict discipline87.When the boys were caught petty thieving,they usually chose to be beaten by Mr Abu becauseA)he gave them only one hard smack instead of the six from their teachersB)they did not want to get a bad reputation with their teachersC)they were afraid of their science mastersD)his punishment was quicker than their teachers'88.Some boys took chemicals like soda and iodoform powder becauseA)they liked to set up stalls in the marked and sell things,like tradersB)they were too poor to buy things like soap and medicineC)they wanted money and could sell such things quicklyD)they needed things like soap and medicine for sores89.A big difference between Kojo and Sorie was thatA)Kojo took chemicals for some useful experiment but Sorie only wasted his in making an alcoholicdrink.B)Sorie was rich but Kojo was poorC)Kojo had a guilty conscience but Sorie did notD)when Kojo objected.Sorie proved that what they were doing was reasonable90.On entering the laboratory,Mr Abu was immediately suspicious becauseA)the whole class was looking so innocentB)he was a suspicious man by natureC)there was no teacher in the roomD)he could smell chemicals and he knew it was a physics lesson,（5）Alison closed the door of her small flat and put down her briefcase.As usual,she had brought some work home from the travel agency.She wanted to have a quick bite to eat and then,after spending a few hours working,she was looking forward to watching television or listening to some music:.She was just about to start preparing her dinner when there was a knock at the door.`Uli,no!Who on earth could that be?'she muttered to herself.She went to the door and opened it just wide enough to see who it was.A man of about sixty was standing there.It took her a moment before she realized who he was.He lived in the flat below.They had passed each other on the stairs once or twice,and had nodded to each other but never really spoken.`Uh,sorry to bother you,but...uh...there's something I'd like to talk to you about,'he mumbled.He had a long,thin face and two big front teeth that made him look rather like a rabbit.Alison hesitated,but then, opening the door wide,asked him to come in.It was then that she noticed the dog.She hated dogs----particularly big ones.This one was a very old,very fat bulldog.The man had already bone into her small living-room and,without being asked,he sat down on the sofa.The dog followed him in and climbed up on the sofa next to him,breathing heavily.She stared at it.It stared back.The man coughed.`Uh,do you mind if I smoke?'he asked.Before she could ask him not to,he had taken out a cigarette and lit it.`I'll tell you why I've come.I...I hope you won't be offended but,well...,'he began and then stopped. Suddenly his face went red.His whole body began to shake.Then another cough exploded from somewhere deep inside him.Still coughing,he took out a grey,dirty-looking handkerchief and spat into it.Afterwards he put the cigarette back into his mouth and inhaled deeply.As he did so,some ash fell on the carpet.The man looked around the room.He seemed to have forgotten what he wanted to say.Alison glanced at her watch and wondered when he would get to the point.She waited.'Nice place you've got here,'he said at last.91.How do you think Alison felt when she heard the knock at the door?A)Afraid.B)Irritated.C)Pleased.D)Curious.92.Who was the man at the door?A)Someone from work.B)A friend who needed advice.。
西北师范大学2010年学术型硕士研究生招生专业目录精选全文完整版
004经济管理学院
数量经济学（020209）
01数量经济理论与方法研究
02经济核算方法及其应用
03数量经济分析研究
20
①思想政治理论101
②英一201或俄202或日203选一
③数学三303
④西方经济学802
复试专业课：计量经济学908
1.政治经济学Ⅱ
2.西方经济学
003政法学院
法学理论（030101）
复试专业课：中外教育发展史922
1.教育综合
2.教科法
002教育学院
比较教育学（040104）
01中外基础教育课程与教学比较研究
5
①思想政治理论101
②英一201或俄202或日203选一
③教育学专业基础综合311
复试专业课：比较教育学专业综合923
1.教育综合
2.教科法
002教育学院
学前教育学（040105）
03影视美学
04文学评论
20
①思想政治理论101
②英一201或俄202或日203选一
③中国文学（中国古代文学、中国现代文学）608
④汉语与写作（古代汉语、现代汉语、写作）809
复试科目：文学概论与美学930
1.中国现当代文学Ⅱ
2.中国古代文学Ⅱ
001文史学院
语言学及应用语言学（050102）
01对外汉语
2.体育心理学
007体育学院
民族传统体育学（040304）
01民族、民间传统体育文化
02西北武术教学与训练
6
①思想政治理论101
②英一201或俄202或日203选一
③体育综合课607
复试科目：运动训练学929
西北师范大学汉语国际教育445汉语国际基础考研真题
【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.西北师范大学考试科目名称：汉语国际教育基础考试科目代码：445说明：答案一律写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律无效请将答案写在答题纸上相应的位置上。
考试时间为180分钟。
壹．中外文化及跨文化交际基础知识（共80分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共30分）1.中国最早的私家创立者是________________，他的教学注重诗，书，礼，乐，同时重视言，德，政，文等才能的培养。
2.基督教大约在公元____________中叶产生于奴隶制罗马帝国。
早期基督教所宣扬的救世主街人世苦难的思想，在一定程度上反映了被压迫阶层的愿望。
3.语言文字的文化特征表现为：语言文字既是重要的文化现象，又是文化的重要___________。
4.中医理论受到中国古代哲学“天人合一观”和________________的深刻影响。
5.被誉为“诗中有画，画中有诗”的唐代著名诗人是________________。
6.“非礼勿视，非礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动。
”这句话出自______________。
7.______________是继“诗经”之后出现的一种新诗体，深受南方自然山水和巫术文化的影响，具有浓郁的地域特色。
8.在中国历史上发生过重要作用的人群，如鲜卑，契丹，满族，都起源于____________平原。
9.“_____________”实际是宋明时代的儒家学说，因其竭力宣扬儒家的“大道”而又被称为“道学”。
10.对我国古代棉纺织业作出重大贡献的黄道婆是__________时期人。
11.“楹联”又叫______________，是我国的一种独特的艺术，主要将文学（诗词）和书法结合在一起。
西北师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题(333 教育综合)
西北师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题（333 教育综合）
一、名词解释
1.鸿门都学
2.教育
3.分支型学制
4.罗森塔尔效应
5.公学
6.要素教育
7.思维定势
二、简答
1为什么教育在人的发展过程中起主导作用
2简述学习动机对学习效率的影响
3简述实施道德教育的途径
4简述教师劳动的特点
5简述促进学习迁移的措施
6简述晏阳初的乡村教育思想
7简述南京国民政府时期的教育宗旨和教育方针
三、论述
1教育对经济的作用和经济对教育的制约2比较分析斯巴达教育和雅典教育的特征。
西北师范大学333教育综合专业课考研真题(2010-2018年)
1.中小学班主任工作的主要内容以及如何建设班集体？ 2.教学过程中为什么既要发挥教师的主导作用又要发挥学生的主动性？并说明应该怎 么处理这对关系？
第 12 ／14页
西北师范大学自命题专业课考研真题（原版试题）
西北师范大学 2017 年 333 教育综合真题
硕士研究生
入 学 考 试 试 题
（原版真题）
西北师范大学自命题专业课考研真题（原版试题）
西北师范大学 2010 年 333 教育综合真题
一、名词解释
1.班级 2.研究法 3.勤工俭学 4.锻炼 5.监生历事制度 6.国防教育法
二、简答题
1.教育对生产力发展的作用表现在那些方面？ 2.环境在人身心发展中的作用是什么？ 3.百日维新中教育改革的主要措施？ 4.动作技能形成阶段？
二、简答题
1.简述我国教育目的的基本要求（精神） 2.简述教学过程中直接经验与间接经验的关系 3.简述“百日维新”中的教育改革措施 4.简述自我效能感理论及对学习活动的意义
三、论述题
1.论述教师应具备的素养 2.论述《学记》中的主要教学原则 3.结构主义教育代表的代表人物及主要思想 4.行为主义心理学
1.简述影响知识理解的因素 2.简述学科课程与活动课程的不同 3.简述支架教学法与最近发展区的关系 4.简述启发性教学原则及其要求
三、论述题（每题 25 分，共 50 分）
2.试述王阳明“致良知”的教育目的论及其意义 3.试述乌申斯基的“教育民族论”的中国意义
三、案例分析（本题 20 分）
材料：王老师是一名班主任，平时对学生十分严格，不许学生仍纸屑、垃圾。自己在 课堂上时不时说脏话，烟头也随手扔到讲台下面。他经常要教育学生改掉那些坏习 惯，可是学生们一点都没有改变，王老师很是无奈。 1.结合材料分析王老师的班级为什么会出现这种现象？试分析其原因。 2.作为班主任，如何才能达到好的教育效果？
新版西北师范大学人文地理学考研经验考研参考书考研真题
新版西北师范⼤学⼈⽂地理学考研经验考研参考书考研真题在我决定考研的那⼀刻正⾯临着我⼈⽣中的灰暗时期，那时发⽣的事对当时的我来讲是⼀个重⼤的打击，我甚⾄⼀再怀疑⾃⼰可不可以继续⾛下去，⽽就是那个时候我决定考研，让⾃⼰进⼊⼀个新的阶段，新的⼈⽣⽅向。
那个时刻，很⼤意义上是想要转移⾃⼰的注意⼒，不再让⾃⼰纠结于⼀件耗费⼼⼒和情绪的事情。
⽽如今，已相隔⼀年的时间，虽然这⼀年相当漫长，但在整个⼈⽣道路上不过是短短的⼀个线段。
就在短短的⼀年中我发现⼀切都在不知不觉中发⽣了变化。
曾经让⾃⼰⼤为恼⽕，让⾃⼰费尽⼼⼒和⼼绪的事情现如今不过是弹指的⼀抹灰尘。
⽽之所以会有这样的⼼境变化，我认为，是因为，在备考的这段时间内，我的全⾝⼼进⼊了⼀个全然⾃我，不被外界所⼲扰的⼼境，⽇复⼀⽇年复⼀年的做着同样枯燥、琐碎、乏味的事情。
这不正是⼀种修⾏吗，若说在初期，只是把⾃⼰当作机器⼀样⽤以逃避现实⽣活的灾难的话，但在后期就是真的在这过程中慢慢发⽣了变化，不知不觉中进⼊到了忘记⾃⾝的状态⾥。
所以我就终于明⽩，佛家坐定，参禅为什么会叫作修⾏了。
本来⽆⼀物，何处惹尘埃。
所以经过这⼀年我不仅在⼼智上更加成熟，⽽且也成功上岸。
正如我预期的那样，我开始进⼊⼀个新的阶段，有了新的⼈⽣⽅向。
在此，只是想要把我这⼀年备考过程中的积累的种种⼲货和经验记录下来，也希望各位看到后能够有所帮助，只不过考研毕竟是⼤⼯程，所以本篇内容会⽐较长，希望⼤家可以耐⼼看完，⽂章结尾会附上我的学习资料供⼤家下载。
西北师范⼤学⼈⽂地理学初试科⽬：（101）思想政治理论（201）英语⼀（601）数学（815）⾃然地理学参考书⽬：⾃然地理学先说说真题阅读的做法…第⼀遍，做⼗年真题【剩下的近三年的卷⼦考试前2个⽉再做】，因为真题要反复做，所以前⼏遍都是把⾃⼰的答案写在⼀张A4纸上，第⼀遍也就是让⾃⼰熟悉下真题的感觉，虐虐⾃⼰知道英语真题的⼤概难度，只做阅读理解，新题型完形填空啥的也不要忙着做，做完看看答案，错了⼏个在草稿纸上记下来就好了，也不需要研究哪⾥错了为什么会错…第⼀遍很快吧因为不需要仔细研究，14份的试卷，⼀天⼀份的话，半个⽉能做完吧，偷个懒⼀个⽉肯定能做完吧【第⼀遍作⽤就是练练⼿找到以前做题的感觉，千万不要记答案，分析答案…】ps：⽤书选择：⽊糖英语闪电单词+⽊糖英语真题。
西北师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试(347心理学专业综合)真题
西北师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试（347心理学专业综合）真题一，名词解释:
1、个案法
2、智力
3、选择性注意
4、依恋
5、感觉
6、人格
7、观察学习
8、辐合思维
9、守恒
10、服从
11、自利偏差
12、映像管理
13、性别角色
二，简答题:
1、情绪的概念和功能
2、动机的概念和特征
3、多拉德和米勒的学习四要素
4、混合交叉设计的优缺点
5、乔姆斯基的语言理论
6、偏见产生的原因和克服的办法
7、遗忘是啥导致的
8、投射测验的优缺点，
三、论述题: 1、影响问题解决的因素
2、旁观者效应和责任分散等相关
四，案例分析题:
有一个哥们儿，这个哥们平时坚强，自信，而且父母说很听话，总的来说是个好娃娃，但是呢，到后来，这哥们二就害怕和别人去社交，而且总是回避，接着这哥们儿还有些问题就是，当老师让他回答问题时，他会胃疼，并且这些问题已经是一年了。
第一问:依据啥判断这是啥症状
第二问:问有啥解决的办法
第二个案例:说70，80，90这三代人好像说是存在观念思维等的不一致，意思是总觉得对方做的不对。
问人际冲突的解决办法和策略。
西北师范大学经济学院《802西方经济学》历年考研真题专业课考试试题
2015年西北师范大学802西方经济 学考研真题
2017年西北师范大学802西方经济 学考研真题（回忆版）
一、名词解释 1 等成本线
2 流动性偏好陷阱
3 挤出效应
二、简答题 1 生产三阶段是怎么划分的，生产者为什么选择在第二阶段生 产？
2 劳动供给曲线为什么向后弯折？
3 简述通货膨胀的三种类型。
三、计算题 1 考点：需求曲线、价格弹性、收入弹性。
2 考点：计算IS，LM曲线，求均衡收入，利率，是否有挤出效
应。
四、画图说明 1 画图分析完全竞争市场短期均衡的盈亏情况和供给曲线为什么 向右上方倾斜？
2 画图分析对于不同供给曲线，需求变动对价格、需求量、收入 的影响。
五、论述题 试述我国宏观经济政策有哪些？
目 录
2013年西北师范大学802西方经济学考研真题 2014年西北师范大学802西方经济学考研真题 2015年西北师范大学802西方经济学考研真题 2017年西北师范大学802西方经济学考研真题（回忆版）
20年西北师范大学802西方经济 学考研真题
西北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比
西北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比西北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题三、辨析题（共3题，每题5分，共15分）要求对所给命题或观点进行辨别、分析，观点正确，言之成理。
将答案写在答题纸相应位置上。
31．随着信息时代的到来，由计算机网络建立的人与人之间的关系将成为社会的基本关系。
32．中国的新民主主义革命属于世界无产阶级社会主义革命的一部分，具有无产阶级社会主义革命的性质。
33．我国社会主义初级阶段和过渡时期的所有制结构是不同的。
四、论述题（共2题，每题10分，共20分）要求论述紧扣题意，合乎逻辑。
将答案写在答题纸相应位置上。
34．诺贝尔奖获得者、华裔科学家丁肇中在谈到他的科学研究体会时说：“20世纪70年代，人们已经知道所有的基本粒子是由3种夸克组成的。
我的问题是，为什么只有3种夸克？为了寻找新夸克，我决定建造一个高灵敏度的探测器。
当时所有的人都认为只有3种夸克，因为3种夸克可以解释所有的现象，所以这个实验被费米国家实验室和西欧核子中心拒绝了，认为是不可能的。
1972年到1974年间，我们在布鲁克海文国家实验室用一个比较低能的加速器来做这个实验，终于发现了一种新的夸克。
这就表示，以前说只有3种夸克的观念是错的，有第四种夸克。
有了第四种，就有可能有第五种、第六种，把以往的观念改变了。
”（见2000年5月2日《人民日报》）上述科学发现过程在认识论上对我们如何发现和发展真理有哪些启示？35．世纪之交，中央作出了实施西部大开发的战略决策。
试述中央在此时提出实施这一战略的依据，以及实施这一战略对经济、社会发展的重大意义。
你认为在实施这一战略过程中，应该处理好哪些关系？五、材料题（共2题，每题10分，共20分）结合所学知识或原理分析材料并回答问题。
将答案写在答题纸相应位置上。
36．以下是我国冶金企业的改革经验和效果的部分材料：材料11990年，邯钢与其他钢铁企业一样，面临内部成本上升、外部市场疲软的双重压力，经济效益大面积滑坡。
教育硕士入学考试教育综合真题西北师范大学2010年_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
教育硕士入学考试教育综合真题西北师范大学2010年(总分150, 做题时间90分钟)一、名词解释1.班SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5班是教育体系的最基本单位，也称班集体，一个班的学生不是一群孩子的偶然汇合，而是按一定的教育目的、教学计划和教育要求组织起来的学生群体。
一个真正的班集体，要有明确的奋斗目标、健全的组织系统、严格的规章制度与纪律、强有力的领导核心、正确的舆论和优良的作风与传统。
班主任是班级的直接组织者和领导者。
2.研究法SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5研究法通过研究进行教学的方法，分为个案研究法、调查研究法、行动研究法、实验研究法和质的研究法，其中个案研究法和行动研究法最为常用。
个案研究法是当今教育研究中运用广泛的定性研究方法，也是描述性研究和实地调查的一种具体方法。
行动研究法是指实际工作者(如教师)基于解决实际问题的需要，与专家、学者及本单位的成员共同合作，将实际问题作为研究的主题，进行系统研究，以解决实际问题的一种研究方法。
3.勤工俭学运动SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5勤工俭学运动，又称留法勤工俭学运动，最初是一场以输入西方资本主义文明为指导思想，以教育救国和实业救国为主要追求，以工读结合为手段的教育运动，逐渐转变为寻求革命救国道路，以马克思主义为指导的新民主主义文化教育运动和革命运动，结束于1925年前后。
在此过程中，进步的知识分子和青年学生比较正确地认识到劳动的伟大意义和教育与生产劳动相结合的意义，并进行了一场知识分子与工人群众相结合、脑力劳动与体力劳动相结合、教育与生产劳动相结合的大规模的实践尝试。
留法勤工俭学运动在西方教育思想的引进、留学教育事业的发展、中国现代多方面专业人才的培养等方面都产生了积极影响。
4.锻炼SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5锻炼是一种德育方法，是有目的地安排学生生活，组织学生进行一定的实际活动与交往以培养他们的良好品德的方法。
新版西北师范大学应用心理考研经验考研参考书考研真题
又是一年考研时节，每年这个时候都是考验的重要时刻，我是从大三上学期学习开始备考的，也跟大家一样，复习的时候除了学习，还经常看一些学姐学长们的考研经验，希望可以在他们的经验里找到可以帮助自己的学习方法。
我今年成功上岸啦，所以跟大家分享一下我的学习经验，希望大家可以在我的经历里找到对你们学习有帮助的信息！其实一开始，关于考研我还是有一些抗拒的，感觉考研既费时间又费精力，可是后来慢慢的我发现考研真的算是一门修行，需要我用很多时间才能够深入的理解它，所谓风雨之后方见才害怕难过，所以在室友们的鼓励和支持下，我们一起踏上了考研之路。
虽然当时不知道结局是怎样，但是既然选择了，为了不让自己的努力平白的付出，说什么都要坚持下去！因为是这一路的所思所想，所以这篇经验贴稍微有一些长，字数上有一些多，分为英语和政治以及专业课备考经验。
看书确实是需要方法的，不然也不会有人考上有人考不上，在借鉴别人的方法时候，一定要融合自己特点。
注：文章结尾有彩蛋，内附详细资料及下载，还劳烦大家耐心仔细阅读。
西北师范大学(专业学位)应用心理的初试科目为：(101)思想政治理论(202)俄语或(203)日语或(204)英语二(347)心理学专业综合(347)心理学专业综合参考书为：1.《普通心理学》作者：彭聃龄主编；出版社：北京师范大学出版社；版次：42. 《心理学与生活》（第19版）作者：[美]格里格，津巴多著，王垒等译；出版社：人民邮电出版社；版次：13.《人格心理学》(第八版) 作者：[美]伯格著，陈会昌议，出版社：中国轻工业出版社，版次：14.《发展心理学》作者：林崇德；出版社：人民教育出版社，版次25.《心理咨询的理论与实务》作者：江光荣；出版社：高等教育出版社，版次：26.《变态心理学》作者：王建平，张宁，王玉龙，朱雅雯编著；出版社:中国人民大学出版社；版次：37.《社会心理学》（第11版）作者：David G. Myers著,侯玉波等译；出版社：人民邮电出版社8.《组织行为学》作者：D赫尔雷格尔等著，俞文钊等译；出版社：华东师范大学出版社；版次：92017年真题名词解释:1、个案法2、智力3、选择性注意.4、依恋5、感觉6、人格7、观察学习8、辐合思维9、守恒10、服从11、自利偏差12、映像管理13、性别角色简答题:1、情绪的概念和功能2、动机的概念和特征3、多拉德和米勒的学习四要素4、混合交叉设计的优缺点5、乔姆斯基的语言理论.6、偏见产生的原因和克服的办法7、遗忘是啥导致的8、投射测验的优缺点，三、论述题:1、影响问题解决的因素2、旁观者效应和责任分散等相关四，案例分析题:有一个哥们儿，这个哥们平时坚强，自信，而且父母说很听话，总的来说是个好娃娃，但是呢，到后来，这哥们二就害怕和别人去社交，而且总是回避，接着这哥们儿还有些问题就是，当老师让他回答问题时，他会胃疼，并且这些问题已经是一年了。
西北师范大学2010年数学分析考研真题
4.计算
C
,其中 C
为以逆时针方向通过的圆周
x2
y2
a2 .
二、证明题(本题共 90 分,前两题每小题 15 分,后三题每小题 20 分)
5.假设 an 发散,且{an}是正的不增数列.试证: n1
lim
n
a2 a4 a2n a1 a3 a2n1
1.
6.设级数 an 收敛, an 0 ,且{an}单调递减.证明: n1
lim
n
nan
0.
7.设函数 f (x) 在区间 [a,b] 上单调增加,且有 f (a) a, f (b) b .证明:存在 x0 [a,b] ,
使 f (x0 ) x0 ,即 f (x) 在[a,b] 上有不动点.
8.设函数 f (x) 在 [0,1] 上二阶可导,且满足 | f (x) | 1 , f (x) 在区间 (0,1) 内取到最大
值 1 .证明:| f (0) | | f (1) | 1. 4
9.证明:
u x
2
u y
2
d
x
d
y
u
d
x
d
y
C
u
u n
d
s
.
其中光滑曲线
C
包围着有界域
,
u n
为沿
C
的外法线的导函数,
u
2u x2
2u y 2
.
西土居()-为吾所爱，无悔无怨！
2010 Mathematical Analysis
一、计算题(本题共 60 分,每小题 15 分)
1.求极限 lim x a x a .
xa
x2 a2
2.求函数
西北师范大学汉语国际教育考研真题
【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.西北师范大学考试科目名称：汉语基础科目代码：354考试日期：2012年1月8日说明：答案一律作在答题纸上，作在试题上一律无效请将答案写在答题纸上相应的位置上。
考试时间为180分钟。
壹．汉语语言学基础知识（共80分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共30分）1.现代汉语有两种含义，其一是指以________为标准音，以北方话为基础方言，以典范的现代白话文著作为语法的普通话。
2.跟英语相比，从语法上看，现代汉语的一个基本特点是缺少严格意义的________。
3.从方言区划上看，甘肃华属于____________。
4.了解一个声母必须知道它的发音部位和_____________。
5.____________是最小的语言单位，它是从音色的角度划分出来的。
6.国家通用语言文字以___________作为拼写和注音的工具。
7.声调是汉语音节中不可缺少的成分，但在说话时有些音节会失去原有的声调，变成一种又轻又短，比较模糊的调子，这种音变现象被称为_________________。
8.舌面音j,q,x只能跟齐齿呼和_____相拼。
9.“岛，优，坏，阳”四字中不含辅音音素的是_______________。
10.普通话一个音节最多可以有四个音素，也可以只有一个音素，但这个音素一般的是_____________。
11.文字是记录语言的________系统，是人类最重要的辅助性交际工具。
12.由商周的甲骨文，金文发展为篆书，由篆书发展为_____________，楷书，这是汉字字体演变的主流。
13.现行汉字的结构单位有两级：一个是笔画，另一个是_____________。
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2017年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）
1.教育目的
2.分支型学制
3.公学
4.罗森塔尔效应
5.鸿都门学
6.要素教育
二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）
1.简述德育的途径。
2.简述教师劳动的特点。
3.为什么说教育在人的发展中发挥着主导作用？
4.简述晏阳初的教育思想。
5.南京国民时期的教育方针与教育原则。
6.学习动机与学习效果的关系。
7.教学中促进学习迁移的措施。
三、论述题（每题25分，共计50分）
1.教育对经济的作用及经济对教育的影响。
2.斯巴达和雅典教育特点之比较。
2016年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）
1．义务教育
2．班级授课制
3．公学
4．快乐之家
5．六等黜陟法
6．素丝说
7．自我效能感
8．最近发展区
二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）
1．简述影响知识理解的因素。
2．简述洛克的体育教育思想。
3．简述斯宾塞的科学教育理论。
4．简述1922年新学制的特点。
5．简述熙宁兴学内容与特点。
6．简述资源管理策略的类型。
7．简述现代教育的特点。
三、论述题（每题20分，共计40分）
1．教学过程中为什么既要发挥教师主导作用又要发挥学生的主动性？并说明应该怎么处理这对关系？
2．班主任的工作内容以及怎样建设班集体？
2015年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）
1．课程标准
2．德育
3．分斋教学法
4．生活教育理论
5．贝尔-兰卡斯特制（导生制）
6．恩物
7．元认知
8．品德
二、简答题（每题10分，共计80分）
1．中小学常用的教学方法有哪些？
2．学校管理的发展趋势是什么？
3．简答《学记》中的教育教学原则及其含义。
4．简要阐述颜元学校改革的思想。
5．文艺复兴时期人文主义教育的基本特点。
6．简述夸美纽斯在教育史上的贡献和地位。
7．联系实际，谈谈老师如何激发学生的学习动机？
8．简述“中小学心理健康指导纲要（2012年修订）”提出的学校开展心理健康教育的途径。
三、论述题（每题15分，共计30分）
1．依据以下资料，说说一名合格教师应该具备什么样的专业素养？
2014年9月10日，依兰县高级中学高二（17）班学生没有给科任教师赠送礼物，班主任教师对此极为不满，上课时公然向学生索要教师礼物，对学生进行辱骂。
随后，
学生班长组织同学集资，花费296元购买了6箱牛奶，分别送给了冯群超等6名授课教师。
2．请论述教育对人的发展起什么作用？为什么？
2014年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）
1．学校教育制度
2．课程标准
3．有效教学
4．隐性课程
5．学习策略
6．泛智教育
7．要素教育
8．创造性
二、简答题（每题10分，共计60分）
1．列举教育学独立时期10位代表人物及其著作。
2．简要回答学校教育在个体发展中有什么独特的价值？实现这些价值需要什么条件？
3．百日维新中教育改革的主要措施有哪些？
4．简述美国《国防教育法》主要内容。
5．简述“中小学心理健康教育指导纲要（2012年修订版）”提出的心理健康教育的总目标。
6．简述教育与认知发展的关系。
三、论述题（共计50分）
1．十八届三中全会《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》公布了开放“单独两孩”的政策、请你谈谈人口与教育的关系。
（20分）
2．蔡元培对北京大学的改革主要包括哪些内容，试对其加以评价。
（20分）
3．试评析日本明治维新时期的教育改革。
（10分）
2013年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计35分）
1．学校教育制度
2．教师专业发展
3．《白鹿洞书院揭示》
4．六艺教育
5．谈话教学法
6．骑士教育
7．课程标准
二、简答题（每题10分，共计50分）
1．举例说明洋务学堂类型有哪些？
2．简述观察学习的理论并评论。
3．简述全面发展教育各组成部分的关系。
4．简述教师的劳动特点。
5．隋唐时产生的科举制度的积极意义是什么？
三、论述题（共计65分）
1．有人说教学就是传授知识，有人说是智力发展，你怎么看？（20分）
2．影响道德品质的因素有哪些？学校应该釆取哪些方式培养学生的道德品质？（20分）
3．试论述贺拉斯·曼的教育理论。
（25分）
2012年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计30分）
1．教育目的
2．发现法
3．课程
4．骑士教育
5．教师专业发展
6．“朱子读书法”
二、简答题（每题10分，共计40分）
1．简述马斯洛需要层次理论及其对教育的启示。
2．简述教育的文化功能。
3．简述学校教育制度确立的依据。
4．简答“百日维新”中的教育改革措施。
三、论述题（每题20分，共计80分）
1．有研究根据教师的领导方式将教师分为强制专断型、仁慈专断型、放任自流型和民主型，假如你是一名教师，你会选择哪种领导方式对待学生，为什么？
2．论述贺拉斯·曼的教育思想。
3．《学记》中的主要教学原则有哪些，试对其进行简述。
4．说明建构主义的基本观点及其对教育改革的意义。
2011年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计30分）
1．教育学
2．六艺教育
3．七艺
4．课程标准
5．德育
6．研究教学法
二、简答题（每题10分，共计40分）
1．简述我国教育目的的基本要求。
2．简述教学过程中直接经验与间接经验的关系。
3．简述“百日维新”中的教育改革措施。
4．简述自我效能感理论及对学习活动的意义。
三、论述题（每题20分，共计80分）
1．论述教师应具备的素养。
2．论述《学记》中的主要教学原则。
3．试述结构主义教育代表的代表人物及主要思想。
4．试述行为主义心理学。
2010年西北师范大学333教育综合试题
一、名词解释（每题5分，共计30分）
1．班级
2．研究法
3．勤工俭学
4．监生历事制度
5．《国防教育法》
6．学习策略
二、简答题（每题10分，共计40分）
1．教育对生产力发展作用的表现在哪些方面？
2．环境在人身心发展中的作用是什么？
3．百日维新中的教育改革主要措施。
4．简述动作技能形成阶段。
三、论述题（每题20分，共计80分）
1．为什么教育在人的身心发展中起着重要作用？
2．论述黄炎培的职业教育理论。
3．述评杜威的“从做中学”。
4．试论述马斯洛的需要层次理论。