构词法与语法填空(以Book3为例)

1. 给出动词→排除掉填谓语动词及非谓语动词外， 考虑其否定词（dis- /mis），名词（-ment/ ation /-er等表身份人物的后缀），形容词（-able /-ed /ing ) 2. 给出名词→形容词（ 常考ce↔t，天气类常加-y， 或者考-ful/-less等） 3. 给出形容词→比较级，最高级，副词（修饰adj / verb / sentence），名词（情感类常加-ness） 4. 两个en含有使动用法: en - （enrich) -en (widen) 5. 注意，有时填名词时还得注意单复数，动词，名 词，形容词时都有可能会考否定形式，一定要根 据语境来判断。
…
Round 1 Listen
& answer Listen to some sentences and answer the following questions quickly.
What are the first two woll that means anything to me.
-ian 精通…的人, …地方人 musician, Russian
-ist 专业人员 性质,状态；运 词 动、结果 -- ness 性质, 状态
--ment
pianist movement
kindness
--tion 表示动作,过程,结果 suggestion
形容词后缀:
• - al ; – an ; – ern; -ble ; –ish ; –ive; -ful ; - less 表示具有…的性质, 或与…有关 – y;
三个词语的含义： 构成词义的最小单位，不可再分。 词根： 前缀；后缀 词缀： 词类：十大词类
派生法
• 派生法（也称词缀法），即由一个词根加 上前缀或后缀，构成另一个单词的构词法， 添加在词根前面的构成部分叫前缀，它一 般不改变原词的词性，只改变其词义。添 加在词根后面的构成部分叫后缀，它改变 了原词的词性，有时可改变其词义。
What is the sixth word in the sentence? I try to look forward ， but my mind goes back.
语法填空的考查范围：
1 语境(上下文）；
2 语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、 非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、 固定搭配、复合句、形容词和副词的比较 级最高级及构词法、倒装等。
What are the third and the seventh word in the sentence?
I can't do it alone, I need someone such as you.
What is the last wor d in the sentence? Helping others is a great way that really helps yourself.
singer The lead [4] _______ (sing) of the Raconteurs may sound familiar. Jack White is also a member of the band [5] ________ called (call) the White Stripes（白色条纹乐队）. The Raconteurs also include the songwriter and guitarist Brendan Benson. These [6] ___________ musicians (music) had performed together over the years. But in 2005, they officially decided to play together [7] __________ (official) as the Raconteurs.
副词后缀:
• - ly 表示方式,程度 : freely ，happily • -ward (s) 表示方向 : westwards
数词后缀:
- teen 十 fourteen -ty整十位数 forty -th序数词 fifth
Round 2 Practice
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1… Mr Chen has taught me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation (appreciate) I decided to get her a present. 2. … Fortunately (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just10 minutes to complete the rest. 3. Some people were now waiting for her impatient service and the waitress grew a bit_________ (patience). 4. “Thirty-five cents,” she said rudely (rude).
she is so p______ retty all over the world she puts the rhythm, the beat in the drum evening she's gone she comes in the morning _______ & the _______ every little hour every second you live trust in eternity that's what she gives she looks like Marilyn walks like Suzanne she talks like Monica and Marianne verything that she might do she wins in e__________ and she will respect you forever just you
通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词: eg. happy---- unhappy ( 加前缀) happy---- happiness ( 加后缀)
2.合成(Compounding): 由两个或更多的词合成一个词 eg. wood( 木)+ cut( 刻)----woodcut( 木刻) 3.转化(Conversion) 由一个词类转化为另一个词类: eg. water ( n.)水 --- water ( v.)浇水
asleep, alone,abroad oversleep international recover enrich
后
缀
例
词
-er;- or;-ee ….. 者
名
-ess 女的
-ese …. 地方的人
employer,actor,employ ee waitress, hotess
Chinese, Japanese
5. I must know how to care for others and try not to misunderstand(understand) them. 6. …you have done well and made great achievement in the entertainment (entertain) field. contributions 7. These people have made great __________ (contribute) to China with their work. newly 8．The storm damaged several_________ (new) built buildings,…
e.g. practical , American, southern , possible, foolish, native, rainy, careless，careful
动词后缀:
–en(使…）
-fy (使…化) ; -ize (使…成为) ;
e.g. satisfy , beautify; realize , symbolize, deepen, lengthen
Groove Coverage - She
each she hangs out every day near by the b______ having a honeykiss falling a______ sleep and she looks so sexy when she's walking the s____ and nobody ever put a ring on her h____ ea swim to the oceanshore fish in the s___ he she is the story the story is s___ ky she sings to the moon and the stars in the s___ hy shining from high above you shouldn't ask w___ orget she is the one that you never f________ et she is the heaven-sent angel you m____ hy God made a girl eason w___ oh she must be the r______
Discussion:
(2 minutes for discussing!)
构词法有哪些种？请出词。 While discussing, the group leader should take down your notes.
Share your notes!
三种构词法:
1.派生(Derivation):