英美文化考题翻译1-2-3
英 美 文 化 阅读译文
1.英美文化之 American Family 美国家庭「请将火鸡与配料递给我。
」这个简单的请求令你想起什么？如果你是美国人，你会想到感恩节。
对美国人而言，火鸡大餐象征感恩节。
感恩节提醒了美国人哪些事情呢？--他们的家人。
感恩节是家人聚集的时间，在这个节日，家人聚在一起对着火鸡以及鸡腹中的调味材料大快朵颐；家人享受一起看游行、看足球比赛的电视转播以及同聚的时光。
到底家庭对于美国人的意义是什么？传统的美国家庭被称为「核心家庭」。
核心家庭包含了先生、太太和小孩子，今日美国的一般家庭有二个或三个小孩（或者再加上几只宠物）。
在一些文化里，大家庭住在一起，甚至好几代的人同住。
在美国，只有极少的情况下才会有超过一个家庭同住一个屋檐下。
美国人看重对家人回家时热诚的欢迎。
许多家庭用民主政治般的方式来治理，家中每个人都有发言权利，公平观念广泛存在于美国的家庭当中；除了敬畏之情外，孩子们也将父母亲当成好朋友，夫妇经常彼此共同分担家务；许多家庭的孩子在自己的卧室内享有隐私权；孩子们在很小的时候便有理财的责任，他们可能每个礼拜会有零用钱或是出去打工；父母亲常会给孩子们自己做决定的自由，学龄前的孩子可以自己选择穿什衣服或买什么玩具，青年人则可自由选择职业及结婚的对象。
正如许多其它文化一样，美国的家庭也面对许多问题。
社会的压力正将愈来愈多的美国家庭解体。
现在，超过半数以上的婚姻在美国是以离婚做结束；每四个小孩中就有超过一位是由单亲养育长大的，它的结果是造成了许多人相信美国家庭有麻烦了。
即使如此，还是有盼望。
许多机构正努力巩固家庭。
几乎所有的美国人都相信家庭是生命中最重要的一部份。
大多数人也认为传统双亲式的家庭对小孩子是最好的。
他们明白近来家庭生活的问题，已带来了许多严重的结果。
所以，愈来愈多的人将家庭视为第一优先。
许多妇女辞去工作在家陪孩子。
全家人一起渡假或出去玩，丈夫与妻子一起集中心力使婚姻稳固。
联合国已宣布一九九四年为国际家庭年。
大学英语《英美文化概论》练习题(完整版)
大学英语《英美文化概论》练习题1、In the format of western names,which name is put first?( )•A、Family name•B、Last name•C、Surname•D、First name正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分2Bill is the short version of ( ).•A、William•B、Steven•C、Robert•D、Richard正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分3There is only one given name in western name.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Which one is not the key aspect of Chinese culture?( )•A、Chinese food•B、Spring Festivel•C、Chinese medicine•D、Football正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分4Culture is the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society. •A、traditions•B、habits•C、customs•D、costumes正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：33.3分5Chinese culture is better than American culture.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Topography of the USA已完成成绩：100.0分6( ) and Hawaii are seperated from American mainland.•A、Colorado•B、Indiana•C、Alabama•D、Alaska正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：25.0分7The two significant mountain ranges of American are ( ) and Appalachian Mountains. •A、Rocky Mountains•B、Andes Mountains•C、Alps Mountains•D、Atlas Mountains正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：25.0分8Which is the largest states by population?( )•A、Texas•B、New York•C、California•D、Florida正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：25.0分9Boston is on the West Coast of America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Three icons of America已完成成绩：33.3分10Why is Yellowstone National Park important?( )•A、Because it is the first national park in the world.•B、Because it is in America.•C、Because it is the biggest national park in America.•D、Because it is the first national park in America.正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：0.0分11Washington, Jefferson, () and Lincoln's faces are made on the Mount Rushmore.( ) •A、Madison•B、Roosevelt•C、Kennedy•D、Adams正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：0.0分12Which country provided the Statue of Liberty to America?( )•A、The United Kingdom•B、Canada•C、Australia•D、France正确答案： D 我的答案：DComparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：83.5分13Which is not the major environment issues of America?( )•A、Air pollution•B、Water shortage•C、Loss of agricultural land•D、desertification正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：16.7分14Which one is wrong, about the geography of America and China?( )•A、China has more railways than America.•B、America has two neighbour countries, Canada and Mexico.•C、Both America and China's climates vary greatly.•D、America's land is less than China's, but water in America is more than China.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：16.7分15The most fresh water used in China is in ( ).•A、Domestic•B、Industry•C、Livestock•D、Agriculture正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：16.7分16In 2013, the population of China is about ( ) more than that of America. •A、3 times•B、4 times•C、5 times•D、6 times正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：0.0分17The total area of China is bigger than America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：16.7分18America's population growth rate is lower than China's.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Comparison of the USA and China 2已完成成绩：60.0分19The first three ethnic groups in the USA are ( ).•A、White, Hispanic and Black•B、White, Black and Hispanic•C、White, Black and Asian•D、White, Asian and Black正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：20.0分20In China, the life expectancy is ( ) years.•A、70•B、72•C、75•D、79正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：20.0分211 kilogram is ( ) pounds.•A、0.6•B、1.7•C、2.1•D、2.2正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：20.0分22All the countries in the world adopt the metric system, except ( ), Myanmar and Liberia. •A、the UK•B、the USA•C、France•D、Japan正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：0.0分23Everyone in America and China can read and write.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√24Which country is the second largest economy in the world?( )•A、China•B、Japan•C、South Korea•D、Germany正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分25Which one of following is not an American company?( )•A、Google•B、CocaCola•C、Facebook•D、Airbus正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分26Per capita means a person.( )正确答案：√我的答案：√Comparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：42.9分27According to the 2013 statistics, which one of the following is wrong?( )•A、The smallest part in the economic structure of developed countries is agriculture.•B、The biggest part of GDP composition in America is Services.•C、In 2013, GDP growth rate in America is higher than that in China.•D、In 2013, America's inflation rate is lower than China's.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分28Which one is right about the labour force in America and China?( )•A、Most of American labour force are in services.•B、Both America and China have the least labour force in agriculture.•C、Most Chinese labour force are in agriculture.•D、American labour force is more than Chinese.正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：0.0分29( ) is most used for the electricity production in the USA and China.•A、Water•B、Nuclear•C、Wind•D、Coal正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分30The UAS and ( ) is the major export markets of China.•A、Canada•B、Mexico•C、Japan•D、South Korea正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：14.3分31Both American and Chinese governments have significant direct involvement in theeconomy.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：14.3分32Now services in China grows very fast.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：0.0分33The poverty lines in America and China are the same.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Agriculture in the USA已完成成绩：20.0分34( ), Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma and California have the most farms in the USA.•A、Arizona•B、Maryland•C、Texas•D、Nevada正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：20.0分35Which one is wrong about the American agriculture?( )•A、Large family farms are much more productive.•B、In 2000, farm jobs are very few in America.•C、Most income of farm households is from non-farm sources.•D、In America, all farmers have jobs in cities.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分36In 2012, the top 5 agricultural commodities of America are ( ), cattle, soybeans, dairy products and chickens for meat.•A、Corn•B、Potato•C、Tomato•D、Cotton正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：0.0分3796% of the farmers are black people.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√得分：0.0分38In 2008, most of American agriculture imports were from China.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√Global Financial Crisis已完成成绩：20.0分39Recession is ( ) of negative GDP growth.•A、1 quarter•B、2 quarters•C、3 quarters•D、4 quarters正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分40The GFC Recession started in ( ).•A、the USA•B、the UK•C、Japan•D、France正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：20.0分41The cause of the GFC Recession in 2007 was ( ).•A、Stock bubble burst•B、Property bubble burst•C、Dotcom bubble burst•D、Asset price bubble burst正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：0.0分42Which one of following is wrong about the GFC Recession? ( ) •A、Banks stopped lending.•B、Companies cut jobs.•C、Stock market crashed.•D、People got more job opportunity.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分43China was not affected much by the GFC Recession.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×A Hero and a Villain已完成成绩：33.3分44Bernie Madoff's clients lost about ( ) billion dollars.•A、10•B、20•C、30•D、40正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：0.0分45The New York magzine called Bernie Madoff ( ).•A、Villain•B、Hero•C、Monster•D、Saviour正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分46Warren Buffett was born in a rich family.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Discovery of the 'New World'已完成成绩：33.3分47The main European power was Spain, France, ( ) and Great Britain. •A、Italy•B、Portugal•C、Russia•D、Germany正确答案： B 我的答案：A得分：0.0分48Christopher Columbus was the first person to cross the ( ) Ocean. •A、Pacific•B、Indian•C、Arctic•D、Atlantic正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分49Christopher Columbus did 5 voyages between 1492 and 1503.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：33.3分British Colonies已完成成绩：40.0分50The Britain founded ( ) colonies along the East Coast in America.•A、11•B、12•C、13•D、14正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分51The first fight between local people and British soldiers was at ( ).•A、Washington D.C.•B、New York•C、Boston•D、Lexington and Concord正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：0.0分52John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson and ( ) wrote The Declaration of Independence.•A、Benjamin Franklin•B、Abraham Lincoln•C、George Washington•D、Paul Revere正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：20.0分53British people migrated to America with the ship called Mayflower in 1620.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：0.0分54The Declaration of Independence was made in 1775.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×American War of independence已完成成绩：66.6分55The war of Independence was between ( ).•A、America and France•B、America and Holland•C、America and Spain•D、America and Britain正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分56In 1778, ( ) signed Treaty of Alliance with America.•A、Spain•B、Holland•C、France•D、Britain正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：0.0分57Britain won the Battle of Yorktown.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Building the New Nation已完成成绩：60.0分58The first constitution, Article of Confederation was made in ( ). •A、1778•B、1779•C、1780•D、1781正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：20.0分59The first president of Amercia was ( ).•A、George Washington•B、Abraham Lincoln•C、Benjamin Franklin•D、Thomas Jefferson正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：20.0分60Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of ( ) of America.•A、State•B、Law•C、Treasury•D、War正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分61There were ( ) Chief Justice in the Supreme Court.•A、1•B、3•C、8•D、9正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：0.0分62Thomas Paine was born in France.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×A Hero, Traitor and Genius已完成成绩：33.4分63George Washington declared ( )•A、Thanksgiving Day•B、Christmas•C、Halloween•D、New Year's Day正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：0.0分64Which one is right about George Washington?( )•A、He was graduated from college.•B、He had three children.•C、He had no experience in military action.•D、He was revered as the "Father of the United States".正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：0.0分65Which one is wrong about Benjamin Franklin?( )•A、He was also a Doctor.•B、He loved reading.•C、He started the first public library in Philadelphia.•D、He was 81 when he went to the Constitutional Convention.正确答案： A 我的答案：C得分：0.0分66Which document was not signed by Benjamin Franklin?( )•A、The Declaration of Independence•B、Treaty with France•C、Peace Treaty•D、Article of Confederation正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分67During the War of Independence, Benedict Arnold sold military secrets to France.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：16.7分68Benjamin Franklin was born in a rich family and well educated.（）正确答案：×我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1800-1899)已完成成绩：33.3分69The first railway was built in ( ).•A、1827•B、1828•C、1829•D、1830正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：0.0分70The war with Mexico was started in ( ).•A、1846•B、1847•C、1848•D、1849正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分71The first telephone line was built in 1877.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Territorial Expansion已完成成绩：66.8分72America purchased Louisiana Territory with ( ) million dollars from France. •A、2•B、5•C、10•D、15正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分73The USA purchased Florida from ( ).•A、Spain•B、the UK•C、France•D、Italy正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：16.7分74Texas was the ( ) state of America.•A、26th•B、27th•C、28th•D、29th正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：0.0分75Which one is wrong about Hawaii?( )•A、It is in the Atlantic Ocean.•B、There are 8 main islands.•C、It is the 50th states of America.•D、America took over Hawaii government from the local king.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：16.7分76Before America purchased it,Alaska was belong to Mexico.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：16.7分77The largest city in Alaska is Anchorage, which is also the capital city.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：×The American Civil War已完成成绩：33.4分78The Civil War started in ( ).•A、1861•B、1862•C、1863•D、1864正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：16.7分79Which was wrong about the Civil War?( )•A、America was kept as one country.•B、Slavery was abolished.•C、After the Battle of Gettysburg, the North started to win.•D、The South was strong in "hard power".正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分80Which one of following is wrong about Abraham Lincoln?( )•A、He was the 16th president of America.•B、He was killed in 1865 when the Civil War was just finished.•C、He was a businessman and then became politician.•D、He was born in a poor farm family.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分81In the Civil War, the North was weak, and the South was strong.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：16.7分82Modern weapons were used in the Civil War.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：0.0分83In the Civil War, the North lost more people than the South.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×84Which one is wrong about the American political system?( )•A、The government is small.•B、Leaders are educated.•C、There are many traditions.•D、The society is classless.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：0.0分85Which one is wrong about Thomas Edison?( )•A、He was educated in school.•B、His first job is telegraph operator.•C、He had many patents.•D、He invented electric light bulb.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：25.0分86Which one is wrong about John D. Rockefeller?( ).•A、General Electric is one of his companies.•B、At first, he worked as a bookkeeper.•C、When he was 20, he started his own company.•D、He donated all his money to the Rockefeller Foundation.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分87Because the northern America is cold, James Naismith invented basketball which is a good sport for winter.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1900-2014)已完成成绩：33.3分88The first long distance telephone was built in ( ).•A、1915•B、1916•C、1917•D、1918正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分89In ( ), the first humans walked on the moon.•A、1967•B、1968•C、1969•D、1970正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：0.0分90President Nixon visited China in ( ).•A、1971•B、1972•C、1973•D、1974正确答案： B 我的答案：AThe Panama Canal已完成成绩：33.3分91The Panama Canal was built by a ( ) consortium.•A、America•B、Italy•C、Britain•D、France正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分92Why did the French consortium gave up to build the canal?( )•A、Because it was too expensive.•B、Because many people died.•C、Because the topography in Panama was difficult to build a canal.•D、Because the American government decided to buld it by themselves.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：0.0分93The aim to build the Panama Canal was to connect America and Panama.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：×The Great Depression已完成成绩：40.0分94The Great Depression started in ( ).•A、1929•B、1932•C、1933•D、1939正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：20.0分95Which one is wrong about the Great Depression?( )•A、The Great Depression started with the crash of the New York stock market.•B、More than 9000 banks closed down.•C、It took a short time for the New York Stock to recover.•D、Many people became homeless because of the Great Depression.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：0.0分96Which one is not the results of the Great Depression?( )•A、GDP went down.•B、Income fell.•C、Unemployment rate increased.•D、Farmers had no food to eat.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：0.0分97Which one is wrong about Franklin Delano Roosevelt?( )•A、He was also known as FDR.•B、He give American people confidence during the Great Depression.•C、He was elected as president for 3 times.•D、He started many government programs to provide work to people.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：0.0分98The Great Depression only happened in America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The Cold War已完成成绩：57.2分99Why did the Cold War avoid direct conflict?( )•A、Because the Second World War was just finished.•B、Because the USSR was too weak to fight.•C、Because both sides of the Cold War had nuclear weapons.•D、Because some countries stop the war.正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：14.3分100The Cold War began in ( ).•A、1945•B、1946•C、1947•D、1948正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：0.0分101Which was not the reason why the West against Communism?( )•A、The communist countries only has one political system.•B、The economy in communist countries is state-owned.•C、The communist countries are against religion.•D、The communist countries have nuclear weapons.正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：0.0分102Berlin Wall was ended in ( ).•A、1989•B、1988•C、1987•D、1986正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：14.3分103Which statement of following is wrong?( )•A、There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.•B、Germany reunited in 1990.•C、The USSR was dissolved in 1990.•D、After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：0.0分104The Cold War continued for only a few years.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：14.3分105Because many West Germans fled to the East, the West Germany government built the Berlin Wall.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×106Which one is wrong about 9/11?( )•A、About 3000 people were killed.•B、It happened in 2002.•C、The World Trade Centre and Pentagon were attacked.•D、It was the first attack on mainland USA since 1812.正确答案： B 我的答案：B得分：33.3分107The terrorists Hijacked ( ) planes.•A、4•B、5•C、6•D、7正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分108Only the north tower of the World Trade Centre was attacked.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×。
英美文学简明教程上册课文翻译
英美文学简明教程上册课文翻译1. England’s inhabitants are Celts. And it is conquered by Romans(罗马)，Anglo Saxons (盎格鲁撒克逊人)and Normans (日耳曼). The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England,while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization(地中海文明) , including Greek culture(古希腊文化)，Rome law(罗马法律)and the Christian religion(基督教). It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.2. The old English literature（古英语文学)extends from about 450 to 1066,the year of the Norman conquest of England.3. The old English poetry(古英语诗) that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one(宗教类和世俗类).4. Beowulf（贝尔武夫): a typical example of 0ld English poetry is regarded as the national epic(民族史诗) of the Anglo-Saxons. It is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends.翻译：1.英格兰的居民是凯尔特人。
英美文化考试范围
英美文化考试范围（加强版）题型一、选择题55分二、填空题15分三、简答题20分（4问）四、问答题10分（2选1）具体范围一、选择题第1、3、5、10章课后选择题补充：Unit 11. The ancestors of the Welsh are ___A__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2. Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race?AA. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3. The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a _A__ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) ___B___-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. GaelicUnit 21. One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age:BA. the making of the Magna CartaB. the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navyC. the rule of Alfred the GreatD. the defeat of King Harold by France2. In England, the monarch, D , declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England.A. Bloody Mary C. King Henry VB. Queen Elizabeth I. D. King Henry VIII3. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception? AA. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.C. This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.D. This was the age of adventure on the sea.4. Victorianism was characterized by the following except DA. It was in an age of imperialismB. It saw the great progress in sciences with Charles Darwin as a prominent figure.C. It was the age when the great progress was made in the field of communications.D. It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington.Unit521. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD. Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____C_____.A. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. the Nile River D. the Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigrants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for __D___.A. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. __C___ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except __B___A. A penny saved is a penny earned.B. All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served _B____ term(s) as US President.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was ______C______.A. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark Twain判断会变为选择题型39. The first English colony was set in (Jamestown in Virginia).40. The (bald eagle) was chosen as the representative of the United States.41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts— the western part, the southern part and New England. (X)42. The (Rocky Mountains) are the backbone of North America.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in (1620).46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to (放宽高压政策)47. (Benjamin Franklin) was the first to celebrate the American Dream.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the （individual liberties）51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington, T. Jefferson, A. Lincoln, and T. Roosevelt. （此处有改动，原版为F.Roosevelt，是错误的）52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning point in the (Civil War.)二、填空题Unit15. Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at the Battle of ___ ____ Hastings ____ in 1066.6.The full name of the United Kingdom is _ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ___.6. The two largest islands of the British Isles are _ England ___ and __ Ireland.__. (此处有改动)7. All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke __ French ___ as their mother tongue, and after the Hundred Years’ War, the __ English ____ langu age took its place.8. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest? The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the final unification of England, the great administrative process, and a link to France.Unit 25. The Origin of Species was written by _____ Charles Darwin _________.6. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for ____ On Her Majesty’s Service ______.7 In Britain, the executive power is in the hands of __cabinet________.8. ____ Queen Victoria _____ takes the credit of the longest reign in British history.9. In the “Grab for Africa” (Britain) got the lion’s share, which confirmed its supremacy.Unit 51. The nickname for the USA national flag is “_____ Old Glory ________________”.2. The state of _____ Virginia _____ was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum” means ___ out of many, one ____________5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain means _Mark number two_________.6. The largest state in terms of area is __Alaska ________ and the largest state in terms of population is _California_________.7. The meaning of Mississippi is “_great waters_______”.8. Some _Puritans__________, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called ___Thanksgiving________ the one holiday that is purely American.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of__Lexington_________ on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, ___the second Continental Congress_________ met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed _George Washington____ as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. _Thomas Jefferson____ was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration ofIndependence.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on __July 4th___________.16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people” was from _the Gettysburg Address_________17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep and bear__arms________.三、简答题Unit18. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the final unification of England, the great administrative process, a link to France, a great influence of French on English.(此处有改动，原版共四点，现改为五点)Unit210. What were the main features of the Elizabethan age?The Elizabethan age is often remmembered by two things. The first is literature, especially the William Shakespeare’s play. The second is marine adventure and the Establishment of maritime hegemony(不好意思，这个没记全，是我自己结合着写的)11. Explain the atmosphere of Victorianism.Victorianism was an age of national development and national optimism. Tremendous social reform took place. The greatist one of all was made in the field of communications. Victorianism family life had the quality of stability and the victorians were extremely religious. It was also an age of imperialism.Unit 535. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress?In May 1775, the second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the commond of George WashingtonOn June 11th, 1776, the second Continental Congress appointed a committee of five men to draft a Declaration of Independence,The young Thomas Jefferson was chosen by the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, which the congress adopted on July 4th, 1776.37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve?The war resolved two fundamental questions that had divided the United States since 1776.It put an end to slavery, which was completely abolished by the 13th Amendment to the constitution in 1865.It also decided, once and for all, that American was not a collection of semi-independent states, but a single indivisible nation.四、问答题（2选1作答，不少于100字）1、美国枪支泛滥what do you think of the wide spread of gun in the US？2、君主立宪制新视野读写教程第三册Unit 1XI1. No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2. Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.3. Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4. If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5. Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6. Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.XII1. 每当有人帮了你，无论事情大小，无论他地位高低，你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。
英美文化考题翻译
UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。
（注：北爱尔兰是英国的一部分，而英国位于西欧，即Western Europe，是一个岛国）2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England,Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ( F )英国包含四个政治分区，分别是英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰。
（注：爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家，此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island，这才是英国的一个地区。
）3.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F )英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。
（注：不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛；英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，有大不列颠岛上的英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。
大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿，英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。
）4.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of smallones. ( F )不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。
英美文学考试名词解释和简答（自己整理的）
英美文学考试名词解释和简答（自己整理的）1.The glorious revolution (光荣革命): the overthrow(推翻、瓦解) of king JamesⅡof England takes place in 1688 by a union of parliamentarians with an invading army led by William of Orange who, as a result ascended（上升、登高）the English throne（君主、王权）as William Ⅲ of England. It was also known as White Revolution because it caused no bloodshed(流血、杀戮). It marked the real beginning of the constitutional monarchy in England.2. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?In 1685 Charles II died and was succeeded by his brother James II. James, who was brought up in exile(流犯）in Europe, was a Catholic; He hoped to rule without giving up his personal religious views. But England was no more tolerant of a Catholic king in 1688 than 40 years. So the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king, William of Orange, to invade and take the English throne. William landed in England in 1688. The takeover was relatively smooth, with no bloodshed, no any execution of the king. This was known as the Glorious Revolution. William and his wife Mary were both Protestants and became co-monarchs. They accepted the Bill of Rights. It’s the beginning of the age of constitutional monarchy.2.Great charter (大宪章): Known as the Great Charter, it was the first famous political document to limit the king’s powers in English history. It was signed in 1215 by King John at a conference at Runnymede（兰尼米德）, an island in the Thames River four miles downstream （下游的、顺流而下的）from Windsor（温莎）. It containsaltogether 63 clauses（条款）, among which the most important ones are: no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council（天庭会议）; no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived（缺乏教育的）of his property except by the law of the land;没有大议会批准不准征税；不得随意逮捕，拘禁自由民，不依照土地法不得剥夺其财产；The king must promise to observe the rights of his vassals（诸侯、封臣）and the vassals in turn must observe the rights of their men, and the king also should permit merchants to move about freely and should observe the privileges of the various towns. 2. Comments: The great charter was the first step of constitutional experiment. It tried to establish a legal relation between the king and his barons by defining their respective rights and obligations. The great charter made it possible for the new-born bourgeoisie to enter into politics because it granted some power to the great council which was the embryonic form of the English parliament. The great charter protected the rights of the merchant class. This facilitated（促进）the development of commerce and handcraft. (It was arguably the most significant early influence on the extensive historical process that led to rule of constitutional law today in the English speaking world.)3.Monarch: In law, the monarch has many supreme powers, but in practice, the real power of monarch has been solely（单独的，唯一的）onthe advice of her ministers. She reigns but does not rule（统而不治）. The real power lies in the parliament, or to be exact, in the House of Commons. 2. The monarch actually has no real power. The monarch’s power is limited by law and parliament. The monarch symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state, have a weekly chat with the Prime Minister, and to giveRoyal Assent to Bills passed by Parliament.(对议会通过的法案给予御准)4.The presidential elections: The general election, held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in each election year, is technically divided into two stages. During the first stage, states elect their presidential electors. The number of presidential electors for each state is equal to the total number of its representatives in congress plus two senators. The total number of presidential electors for the nation is 538, with 3 from Washington D.C. I n the second stage (十二月的第三个星期一) the electors meet to elect the president. (electoral college)5.Ivy League（常春藤高校联盟）: It was founded in 1954, an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions（体系）of higher education in the Northern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group and also has connotations(含义) of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism（精英主义）.常春藤名校联盟：Brown University (布朗大学), Columbia University, Cornell University（康奈尔大学）,Dartmouth College（达特茅斯大学）, Harvard University, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）, University of Pennsylvania （宾夕法尼亚大学）, Yale University6.Pilgrim Father (开国元勋): In September, 1620, a group of 101 puritans and some employees left Plymouth, England, and sailed for America in the ship named Mayflower. They founded the colony of Plymouth (普利茅斯) in New England. So these early puritans in New England were called the pilgrim father.7.New deal: 1. The New Deal included the following contents;(1) establishment and strengthening of government regulation and control of banking, credit and currency systems,overcoming the financial crisis and restriction of certain extreme practices of financial capital;(2) federal government management of relief and establishment of social security system such as the formation of the Civilian Conservation Crops and the setting-up of the Tennessee Valley Authority(田纳西州流域管理局);(3) Stimulation of the recovery of industry and agriculture;(4) formulation and implementation of federal labor laws to raise the role of labor in the relations of production; 2. Comments on the new deal: Roosevelt’s new deal was an American type of social reforms which was based on the new concept that the government was responsible for the healthy development of national economy and social security, and that the growth of production could be maintained only if the great body of the consumers could continue to purchase its output. No economy could develop if it was beset by overproduction and large stockpiles（库存）. To achieve balanced development, the new deal increased government interference n the nation’s economic life, strengthening the trend towards big government. (The New Deal----In order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy)8.Domesday Book (英国土地制度): It is a book compiled by a gr oup of clerks under the sponsorship of King William. The book w as in fact a property record. It was the result of a general survey of land resources. It was one of the important measures adopted by William I to establish the full feudal system in England9.Norman Conquest----The Norman Conquest of 1066 isperhaps the best-known event in English history. William landed his arm y in Oct, 1066 and defeated King Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in Engl and. 结果：（William confiscated almost all the land and gave i t to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule wi th a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil cour ts.）原因：（It was said that king Edward had promised the En glish throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, duri ng the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king ofEngland, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.）10.Public school：(1) It is a kind of independent privately-owned secondary boarding schools in Britain. (2) These schools are financially supported by tuition fees and private funds.（3）Public schools have their own characteristics and strict rules. (4) These schools focus their attention on developing pupils’ minds as well as bodies.11.Roman invasion: The Roman first invaded Britain in 55BC.Itwas not until AD43 that they eventually conquered the Celts liv ing in what is today England and Wales. The Roman occupatio n of Britain lasted for 400 years, but it was never a total occu pation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.。
英美文化测试题
British and American Culture Exam PRACTICESECTION 11.Which one of the following is NOT a principle of the welfare state?a)The protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizensb)Everything is free for British and American government officialsc)Equality of opportunity and equitable distribution of wealthd)Public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for agood life2.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare benefit in Britain and America?a)Job seeker’s Allowance for those looking for workb)Incapacity benefits for those unable to workc)Child benefits for those with many childrend)Childless benefits for those without many children3.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare service for America, but is only for Britain?a)Educationb)Healthcarec)Social Servicesd)Housing4.Which country’s people pay the most income tax?a)People in Britain pay more income tax than people in Americab)People in America pay far more income tax than people in Britainc)Both the people in Britain and America pay the same amount of income taxd)Neither the British or American people pay any income tax5.What does the acronym ‘NHS’ stand for?a)New Hospital Serviceb)New Health Servicec)National Hospital Serviced)National Health Service6.How is the NHS paid for?a)Taxpayers moneyb)Donationsc)Volunteersd)Insurance7.Which one of the following statements is true for the American healthcare system?a)Everyone receives the same treatmentb)Free at the point of usec)The treatment you get depends on your health insuranced)Funded by the nation8.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence?a)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Britainb)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in Britainc)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Americad)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in America9.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence?a)All British TV channels are funded by the TV licence and none by advertisingb)Some British TV channels are funded by the TV licence and the rest by advertisingc)All American TV channels are funded by the TV licence and none by advertisingd)Some American TV channels are funded by the TV licence and the rest by advertising10.Which of the following statements is true for the geographical political divide of Britain?a)The south is predominantly Labour and the north is predominately Conservativeb)The south is predominantly Conservative and the north is predominately Labourc)Both the north and the south is predominately Labourd)Both the north and the south is predominately Conservative11.Which one of the following is NOT true for right wing political parties in Britain?a)They are more capitalistb)They are pro-immigrationc)They are anti-taxationd)They are pro-privatisation.12.Which one of the following is NOT true for left wing political parties in Britain?a)They are more socialistb)They are pro-taxationc)They are anti-privatisationd)They are anti-welfare13.Which statement most accurately describes the economic divide in Britain?a)International banks are in the north and factories and mines are in the southb)Factories and mines are in the north and international banks are in the southc)Factories and mines are equally in the north and southd)International banks are equally in the north and south14.Which statement most accurately describes the social divide in Britain?a)The south is more ‘working class’ and has more immigrantsb)The south is more ‘working class’ and has less immigrantsc)The north is more ‘working class’ and has more immigrantsd)The north is more ‘working class’ and has less immigrants15.What is the largest religion in Britain and America?a)Christianb)Muslimc)Jewishd)Buddhist16.What new religion (based on a movie) was entered into UK national consensus in 2001?a)Hindub)Jedic)Sikhd)Catholic17.Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the religion views of America?a)Constitutionally secular and popularly secularb)Constitutionally religious and popularly religiousc)Constitutionally secular but popularly religiousd)Constitutionally religious but popularly secular18.Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the religion views of Britain?a)Constitutionally secular and popularly secularb)Constitutionally religious and popularly religiousc)Constitutionally secular but popularly religiousd)Constitutionally religious but popularly secular19.Which one of the following is NOT true for religious schools?a)They receive less funding from the churchb)They have better facilitiesc)They have more staffd)They are privately inspected20.Which one of the following countries was NOT part of the British Empire?a)Canadab)South Africac)Franced)Egypt21.Which one of the following was NOT a cultural influence onto the world from America?a)Moviesb)Religionc)Pop musicd)Fast food22.Which of the following statements most accurately describes the cultural influence of Britainand America onto the world?a)America influenced the world building an empire and Britain influences the world by makingmoney through mass appealb)Britain influenced the world building an empire and America influences the world by makingmoney through mass appealc)Both Britain and America influenced the world building an empired)Both Britain and America influences the world by making money through mass appeal23.Which demographic is the main cultural influ ence in London’s Notting Hill Carnival every year?a)Indianb)Hispanicc)Blackd)AsianSECTION 2 - Select ONE correct answer(25 marks, 1 for each question)1.What is the most common type of restaurant in America?a)McDonaldsb)KFCc)Wendy’sd)Chinese2.What is the most popular food in Britain?a)English foodb)Chinese takeawayc)Indian curryd)Italian restaurant3.Since the 19th century, what is the most common tea in England?a)Black teab)Green teac)Red tead)Yellow tea4.What percentage of British people is said to like tea with milk?a)38%b)58%c)78%d)98%5.Which one of the following is NOT an accurate representation of Chinese food in the west?a)Popular for set menusb)The same as in Chinac)Seen as take away foodd)Seen as buffet food6.Which one of the following is NOT true for chicken tikka masala?a) A dish of roasted chicken chunks in a creamy orange sauceb)Said to be the most popular dish in British restaurantsc) A traditional Asian dish that only Indian people eatd) A dish of unknown UK origins but hailed as a truly British7.Which one of the following is NOT a perception of Dinner in the UK?a) A meal usually eaten between 6:30 – 8:00 pmb) A meal to eat a traditional roast with family everydayc)The main meal of the dayd) A meal sometimes called ‘tea’ or ‘supper’8.Which one of the following is NOT accurate regarding cheese in the UK?a)Cheddar is a clear favourite enjoyed by a majority of peopleb)There are over 400 varieties produced in Englandc)Most of the nation’s cheese are produced in Londond)Many cheeses are named after the place they are made9.Which one of the following is NOT accurate regarding the English pub?a) A place to eat food such as fish and chipsb) A place to play games such as pool or dartsc) A place to buy newspapers such as tabloidsd) A place to drink alcohol such as beer10.Which one of the following is NOT typical of an English breakfast?a)Bacon and eggsb)Carrots and peasc)Slices of toastd)Bowl of cereal11.Which one of the following is NOT typical of a ‘packed lunch?’a)Sandwichb)Packet of crispsc)Piece of fruitd)Porridge12.Until 2011, what was the most read English-language newspaper in the world?a)The Timesb)The Sunc)The News of the Worldd)The Independent13.Which one of the following was NOT a consequence of the phone hacking scandal?a)Reporters arrestedb)Super injunction imposedc)Newspaper closed downd)Illegal activities investigated14.Why would a celebrity pay a court for a super injunction?a)To purchase the court order papersb)To attain publicity in newspaper headlinesc)To avoid being arrested by policed)To ban the press from printing their name15.What is the legal drinking age in the UK?a)14b)16c)18d)2116.Which one of the following is NOT a modern way for people in the UK to find a date?a)Placing posters in the streetb)Through television showsc)Lonely hearts columns in magazinesd)Internet dating websites17.Approximately how many marriages end in divorce in the UK?a)20%b)30%c)40%d)50%18.What is the name of the women only party that the bride will have before getting married?a)Stag partyb)Deer partyc)Hen partyd)Chicken party19.What year did the civil partnership act come into force?a)2003b)2004c)2005d)200620.Who will make the speech in a UK wedding?a)Father of the groomb)Mother of the groomc)Father of the brided)Mother of the bride21.Which of the following is NOT an accurate depiction of the BBC?a)Privately ownedb)Represents everyonec)Politically neutrald)Paid for with tax money22.What is England’s national sport?a)Footballb)Cricketc)Tennisd)Rugby23.What is England’s most popular sport?a)Footballb)Cricketc)Tennisd)Rugby24.Which one of the following does NOT accurately describe ‘binge drinking?’a)Drinking heavily in a short space of timeb)Trying to feel the effects of alcoholc)Feeling pressured into drinking by peersd)Often associated with cheap alcohol deals25.What category is alcohol in the harmful drugs classification?a)Class Ab)Class Bc)Class Cd)Neither category A, B or CSection 2Put the following answers into their corresponding table (6 marks)1.Formal English2.“High-brow”3.Sensationalist gossiprmal English5.“Red-top”6.Objective reportingDraw a line to match the following definitions(4 marks)Write TWO eating etiquette manors that is considered polite in the UK (2 marks) 1.2.Write THREE eating etiquette rules that you should not do in the UK (3 marks) 1.2.3.Section D: Choose TWO of the following questions to answer and write a short essay about it.1.What are the two ways that welfare services and benefits are normally paid? (2 marks)2.How does government decide who should receive benefits? (1 mark)3.What happens to the money raised from the TV licence? (1 mark)4.Why can channels paid for by advertising be a problem? (1 mark)5.What’s the difference between cou ncil and public housing? (2 marks)6.What are the three main political parties in Britain? (3 marks)7.What are the two main political parties in America? (2 marks)8.What are the two different houses in the Houses of Parliament? (2 marks)9.Why was the Conservative Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, unpopular in north Britain? (2marks)10.How is America socially divided, and why? (3 marks)11.When could a place only be called a “city” in pre-20th Century Britain? (1 mark)12.Which religious holy book was said to be “The most important book in the most importantlanguage”? (1 mark)13.Which British sport has become India and Pakistan’s national game? (1 mark)14.What is the name of the most famous place that makes movies in America? (1 mark)15.What type of marriage was made illegal in the UK if the bride/groom goes to the authorities?(1 mark)。
英美文化阅读理解专项：美国英语和英国英语- 高考英语常考英美文化阅读专练
51. International Language---EnglishEnglish is the native or official language of one-fifth of the world. It isspoken in North America, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand. In SouthAfrica and India it is one of the official languages.More people study English than any other language. In many countries, thetextbooks in universities are in English. Many university classes are taught inEnglish even though the native language is not English.English is the language of international communication. It is the language of international business, research, and science. More than three-fourths of the world's mail is written in English. More than half of the scientific research articles are in English. Most other languages have borrowed many English words.Why did English become the international language? In the middle of the 19th century, French was the international language. Then Britain became very powerful in the world. England started colonies in North America and India in the 17th century. By 1900 England also had colonies in other parts of Asia, Africa and the South Pacific. The people in the colonies had to use English. Slowly it became more important than French internationally. After the Second World War, the United States became very powerful, and even more people began to learn English.Is English a good international language? It has more words than any other language. The grammar is simpler than in the other major languages. However, English spelling is difficult. Foreigners all have trouble spelling English. So do native speakers.Since 1880, people have invented over fifty artificial (not natural) languages. No one speaks them as a native language. However, none of them has ever become popular. Some people don't want to study English, but it is the international language. (292 words)Exercise:◆Helper:South Pacific南太平洋artificial [ɑ:ti'fiʃəl]人造的, 人为的colony殖民地◆Brief Introduction:英语是世界上五分之一人口的母语或者官方语言，学英语的人比学任何其它语言的人都多，在许多国家大学的教材是英文版的，甚至英语不是母语的国家的许多大学用英语授课。
英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期
英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第一章文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance Period)二、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史文化背景(Historical and cultural background)(1)文艺复兴是从中世纪向近代过渡时期发生在欧洲许多国家的一场思想文化运动。
它是在一些历史因素的合力作用下而引发的，如对希腊罗马古典文化的重新发现，宗教改革运动，地理和自然科学领域的探索，以及资本主义经济的扩张等。
(2)人文主义是文艺复兴的主要特征。
它颂扬人性，强调以“人”为本，宣传个性解放，反对神秘主义和中古神权，反对野蛮和兽性。
(3)16世纪的宗教改革导致了新教的创立。
英格兰同罗马教皇的决裂最初源于国王亨利八世决定与其第一位妻子离婚但遭到教皇否决。
宗教教义的改革则发生在后来的爱德华六世和女王伊丽莎白一世统治期间。
(4)工商业持续发展，中产阶级逐渐壮大，非神职人员获得受教育的机会，王权巩固，宫廷成为文化生活的中心，以及海外扩张和科学探索日益拓展人们的视野，所有这些都为文学提供了新的推动力和发展方向。
威廉·卡克斯顿首次将印刷术介绍到英国，使那里的出版社迅速增加，随之而来的是印刷书籍的繁荣。
2、英国文艺复兴时期文学的特点(Features of English Renaissance literature)(1) 诗歌(Poetry)开创文艺复兴时期一代新的华丽诗风的两个最重要的人物是菲利普·悉尼爵士和埃德蒙·斯宾塞。
在他们的抒情和叙事作品中，展现出一种词藻华丽、精雕细琢的文风。
到16世纪末，出现了两类新的诗歌风格。
第一类以约翰·邓恩和其他玄学派诗人为代表；第二类风格的典范是本·琼森和他所代表的流派。
英国文艺复兴时期的最后一位大诗人是清教作家约翰·密尔顿，他的诗歌具有惊人的震撼力和优雅的韵致，同时传达出深邃的思想。
英美文化(美国部分课后答案)
(判断题Chapter 81. The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory.(F2. The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.(T3. Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well--known 50-centimeter rainfall line.(T4. New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States , and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens.(T5. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here.(F6. During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.(T7. Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.(T8. Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard fora higher standard of living.(TChapter 91. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T2. The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F3. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T4. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F5. In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T6. According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F7. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T8. On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(FChapter 101. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F2. The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T3. The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F4. The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T5. The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F6. American presidential campaign adheres to the "winner-take-all" practice.(T7. American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F8. American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(TChapter 111. America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T2. In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be identified.(T3. Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F4. President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F6. American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T8. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(FChapter 121. Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T2. All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.(T3. After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor's degree at graduation.(F4.When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T5. Usually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.(T6. Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F7. It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through the efforts of two reporters.(F8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F(选择题Chapter 81. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its A. northern, east, west B. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west2. The continental United States has statesA. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The largest river in the U. S. isA. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River5. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located in .A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to .A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD.California7. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly fromA. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristic of the dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classChapter 91. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians3. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement7. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy8. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of PresidentsA. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonChapter 101. The U. S. Constitution came into effect inA. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United StatesA. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two5. All the following can make legislative proposal except .A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President6. The following are all powers of the President except .A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine8. The President is directly voted into office byA. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representativesChapter 111. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from to and eventually, toA. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy3. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4. urged the federal government to establish a national bank.A. George WashingtonB. President RooseveltC. Abraham LincolnD. Alexander Hamilton5. The following inventio ns took place during the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator6. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs likethe following except A. Medicare B. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension7. The following statements are all true exceptA. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.8. Employment in the sector has been increasing in the U.S. since the 1970s.A. serviceB. agricultureC. manufacturingD. high-tectChapter 121. Formal education in the United States consists of ,secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University4. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits6. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News7. Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBSB. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBSC. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBSD. the American Broadcasting System (ABS8. The National Day of the United States falls on each year.A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th(简答题 Chapter 8 1. How is the American population distributed? The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The great plains have a comparatively smallpopulation .the south also has a population of almost 57.5million. the west is not densely populated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco . it has about 20% of the nation’s population. 2．Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ? The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were willing to work for very low wages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942. Chapter 9 history. 1. Why did American change its policy and enter world war II? Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countries were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests . it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power . the Japanese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war. 2. What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency? a brought the Vietnam war to a close breestablishing U.S. relations with china c negotiating the first strategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union . 3. What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program? Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business. Chapter 10 government 1. What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution? One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified. 2. What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S. citizen for no less than seven years. 3. What are the major powers of the supreme court? ato interpret laws bto hear appeals from any federal court cases; cto hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws dmay declare a law unconstitutional e may declare a presidential act unconstitutional. 4. What is the difference between thedemocrats and the republicans in terms of political opinions? The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy andemphasize full employment as a matter of national concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong social security system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the government control inflation. They stress the need for law and order, and oppose complete government social programs and free choice of abortion they also favor a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations. Chapter 11 economy 1. What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America? During the colonial period ,the secondary industries developed as the colonies grew . a variety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared. Colonists established shipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they also built small iron forges . by the 18th century , regional patterns of development in America had become clear. 2. How did the civil war affect the American economy? After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable . northern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahead. 3. Why does America try to reduce trade barriers? Because the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only advance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relationship with other nations. Chapter 12 education , media and holidays 1. How does an American university choose its applicants? atheir high school records; b recommendations from their high school teachers; c the impression they make during interviews at the university d their scores on the SAT. 2. What functions do American higher education institutions perform? Higher education institutions in the united states have three functions: teaching , research and public service , and each has its own emphasis with regard to its function . 3. What similarities do four famous university share? They all have a long history , they all have an excellent faculty , a large number of students and have made extensive academic achievements. Some of their graduates are very successful or influential in some areas such as politics, arts and business. 4. What are the origins of thanksgiving day? Thanksgiving isassociated with the time when Europeans first came to the new world , in 1620,the mayflower arrived and brought about 150 pilgrims. Life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food , so many of them died. During the following summer the native America helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest. So they held a big celebration to thank god and the native Americans.。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)
An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China,and his efforts to end the Vietnam War.He is also noted for hismiddle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon createdthe Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.the Statue of Liberty The CapitolSenator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of theUnited States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsThanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention,though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceThe Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profoundimpact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not becauseit has fadedfrom memory, but because theindividuals in theLost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also hada faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly usedto refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotationsof academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。
英美文化课本习题答案
英美文化教材习题答案Britain1. Who are the British ?Ⅰ1.the Scottish Highlanders: They are the Scots who live in the mountain areas of the Highlands in Northern Scotland. They are a proud, ind ependent and hardy peopl e who maintain their strong cultural id entity.2.the British Isles: The British Isl es lie northern of Europe in the Atlantic Ocean. They consist of two large islands-Britain and Ireland and several small islands.3.the National Eisted dfod: Eisted dfod is the Welsh word for “sitting”. National Eisted dfod is t he most famous festival of music and verse in Wales. It takes place each August and lasts for about a week. The highlight of the Eisted dfod is a competition for the best epic poem about Wales written and read in Welsh. The winner is crowned Bard, consid ered the supreme honor in Wales.4.Bard: “Bard”originally d enoted the grouping epic poem to the Celtic l ead ers or warriors for their great achievement. Now, it roughly means the respected poetry.5.Northern Ireland (Ulster): A section of the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland, l ocated in the northeast of the Ireland, the capital of which is Belfast.6.Oliver Cromwell: Oliver Cromwell was the Roundhead l ead er during the English Civil War. Hed efeated King Charl es Ⅰ and cond emned him to d eath. The monarchy was overthrown, and the country became for more than ten years a republic.7.William Ⅲ: the protestant King (参见P10-11)8.The Orange Day celebrations: cel ebrations hel d by Protestants on 12 August each year in North Ireland to commemorate the Battle of the Royne in 1690 when the Protestant King William of Orange crushed a Catholic rebellion in Lond ond erry. The celebrations were always aggressively provocative and fightings often broke out between Protestant marches and Catholic bystand ers.9.The Provisional IRA: IRA, the Irish Reputation Army, is a nationalist organization d edicated to the unification of Ireland. It was organized in1919. The IRA refused to accept a separate Northern Ireland und er British rul e. In 1969 it split into an “official” majorit y, which disclaimed violence, and a terrorist “provisional” wing, whose attacks on British troops in Northern Ireland, rand om bombings, and others acts of terror in England kept tensions high.10. The Peace People: In the summer of 1976 Betty Williams, a Protestant housewife, was so horrified at the killing fo two children by a running IRA car that she decid ed to organize the women of Ulster, both Protestant and Catholic, into a pressure group. It is a pressure group working for peace and reconciliation in Ireland. Williams and her Catholic partner, Corrigan, soon gathered thousands of foll owers d espite threats and intimidation from both sid es. They continued to pursue their aims and at the end of 1976 the two l ead ers were award ed the Nobel Prize for Peace.Ⅱ1.The full name of the United Kingd om is the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland.2.The Romans first land ed in Britain in the year of 55BC.3.The Scots are well-known for being inventive, hard-working, serious mind ed and cautious with money.4.Two of the Welsh characteristics are cultural prid e and their l ove of music and poetry.5.Peopl e began to settle in about 10,000 years ago. two famous Scottish writers: Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scottor, two Welsh writers: Dylan Thomas and Gwyn Thomas; and two Irish writers: Jonathan Swift and Oscar Wild e.7.Angl es, Saxons and Jutes were the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of mod ern English race.ⅢDDBAB2. English HistoryⅠ1.Exercise book Page29 12.Page29 23.Page29 34.Page29 65.Page30 96.Henry ⅧTextbook P28 2nd para.7.Elizabeth Ⅰ Textbook P29 1st para.8.Divine Right Textbook P30 2nd para. (可忽略)9.Page33 2210.VictorianismⅡ1.The Crusad es2.Columbus, Vasco da Gama3.the Mid dl e ages4.the Parliament, the King Charl es Ⅰ5. Charl es Darwin6. the Great Depression7. the League of Nations, United NationsⅢDBBCD4.British Government SystemI.1.学习手册63页III.12.学习手册65页III.93.学习手册65页III.104.学习手册64页III.35.学习手册64页III.46.学习手册64页III.77.学习手册64页III.5II.1. Elizabeth the Second2. On Her Majesty’s Service3. the Most Ord er of the Garter4. In her rol e as head of the Church of England5. Acts of Parliament; the Prerogative of the Crown;Conventions of the Constitution; Common law; Parliamentary Privilege6. Five, 6357. The Crown; the House of Lords; the House of Commons8. Parliament9. The final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases, except criminal cases in Scotland.10. To make laws;to control and criticize the executive government;to control the raising and the spending of money11. The Lord Chancellor12. Her ministers13. Parliament; Cabinet; the House of Commons; Parliament III. BCADCAIV.1.课本P68 第二段2.课本P75 第二，四段P74 第三段3.课本P764.课本P78 第一段5.课本P81 第三段6.课本P737.课本P78 第一，二段5.Industry, Agriculture and BusinessⅠ1.Exercise book Page80 12.P80 23.P81 64.P82 85.Special d evelopment area: Textbook P101 2nd para.6.P81 37.P81 48.P81 7Ⅱ1. coal, water power2. the Second Worl d War, the Bank of England, coal, civil aviation3. the Second Worl d War, Labour4. a nation of shop-keepers5. the discovery and exploitation of oil and gas in the North Sea.ⅢADCAA6.English LiteratureI.1.学习手册96页. III.22.学习手册96页. III.33.学习手册96页. III.44.学习手册97页. III.55.课本124页. 第二，三段6.学习手册96页. III.77.学习手册96页. III.8II.1. Beowulf;the 6th2.their Viking raid ers swept into Britain3.the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle;The Roman invasion of Britain in 54B.C.The mid dl e of the 12th century4.Chaucer; Shakespeare; Milton5.Thomas More; Utopia6.Romeo and Juliet; Hamlet; Othello; The Tempest; Twelfth Nights; As You Like It; Richard III; Richard II; Julius Caesar7.The Essays8.Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained; Samson Agonistes9.Pilgrim’s Progress10.Jonathan Swift11.His poems London and The Vanity of Human Wishes12.Robert Burns13.Robinson Cruise14.William Wordsworth; Samuel Tayl or Col eridge; Lord Byron; John Keats; Percy Bysshe Shell ey15.Jane Austen; Anne Bronte; Emily Bronte16.Louis Stevenson; Lewis Carroll; William Makepeace Thackeray;David Copper field; Oliver Twist;George Eliot; Oscar Wilde;The Return of the Nation; Jude the Obscure17.James Joyce; Ulysses18.George Bernard ShawIII. DBCAADAADDIV.1.课本P115-1162.课本P122-1233.课本P1334.课本P135 第二，三段8.Religion and BeliefsExplain the foll owing in English: 全部在学习手册P109.Fill the blanks:1)Roman Catholic; Protestant2)The Old Testament; the New Testament.3)Queen; the Archbishop of Canterbury.4)God; Jesus; the Holy Spirit.5)Presbyterian6)The Pope in Rome and the church or priesthood.7)The Presbyterian; the Methodist Church; the Congregational Church; the Baptist Church; theQuakers.8)Humbl er forms of life.Answer the questions:1)学习手册P106 13、14题2)P146 第三段3)P148 第二段4)P150 第一段cationExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 6) 7) 8)是学习手册P140、P141和P142的1.3.4.7.8.11题4) 5)在书本P171 第二段Fill the blanks:1) 5;15.2)Christmas; Easter; summer.3)The sel ective; the comprehensive4)Eton; Harrow; Rugby.5)About three-quarters of income of Britain University.6)Oxford; Cambridge.7)St Andrews; Glasgow (or Aberd een; Edinburgh)8)Oxford.9)Leeds; Lancaster (any acceptabl e answers are correct)10)Exclusiveness.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:A C D DAnswer the questions:1)Both educational and social grounds2)P171第二段3)学习手册P148或P137 的24题4)书本P174最后一段和P175最开头一段5)课本P175-1776)The coll ege system and the tutorial system.7)P178最后一段11.The press, Radio and TelevisionExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 在学习手册P1666)书本P198 第二段的7)书本P204 第三段Fill the blanks:1)the smallness of the country2)Quality paper; popular paper.3)The Times; The Guardian; the Daily Telegraph; Daily Mail; Daily Mirror; Sun.4)Thomson5)The Conservative Party; the Liberal Party6)Daily Telegraph7)The Sunday Times; Observer.8)Daily Mirror; The Sun.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:D B C B AAnswer the questions:1) 学习手册P1742) 书本P201最后一段书本P206 最后一段America1.Atlantic to PacificⅠ.1.学习手册第196 页2.课本第237页2nd para.3.学习手册第197 页4.课本第237页1st para & 第246页注释175.学习手册第196 页6.学习手册第197 页7.课本第239页最后一段& 第240页第一、二段8.课本第242页最后一段& 第247页注释26Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. 50, 13, 35, Hawaii, Alaska2.Alaska, California3.Eastern standard time, central standard time, mountain standard time, pacific standard time4.Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhod e Island5.West Virginia, New York State, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland6.The Potomac, Washington D.C7.The Appalachian, Vermont, Canada8.The Appalachian, Rocky9.Washington State, Oregon, California10.New England, the Mid-Atlantic area, the South, the Mid-West, the Great Plains states, the Western and the Pacific coast statesⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:C AD D C CⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第191, 196 页2.学习手册第196 页3.学习手册第196 页4.课本第237 页5.课本第239 页6.学习手册第198 页，课本241 页2. AMERICAN HISTORYExplain the foll owing in English:（其余未注明的页码是学习手册页码）1.P218.5（学习手册218页第五条）2.P280.9 (课本280页第九个注释)3.P221.154.P222.175.P221.146.P222.167.P222.188.P223.209.P224.2610.P225.2811.P226.3312.P227.3513.P228.3814.P228.4015.P223.22Fill in the blanks:1.Icelandic Vikings, Columbus2.Jamestown Virginia, 16073.English Puritans, Roman Catholics, The Quaker l ead er William Penn4.1775, 17835.a second continental Congress6.July 4th7.the Fed eralists, the Republicans, classes, ideological lines8.Thomas Jefferson9.John Marshall10.Uncl e Tom’s Cabin11.put an end to slavery, d ecid ed that America is a singl e indivisibl e nation12.he introduced the assembly line into automobil e production, Manufacturing the Mod el T13.the New York Stock Exchangeissez-faire, the government shoul d interfere with business as little as possibl e, government action15.Eugene V. DebsTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-10:BAAADADADBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2522.P2533.P2544.P2575.P2586.P264-p2657.P266-p2678.P268-p2699.P270-p27110.P27311.P27512.P276-p2773.THE FORMS OF GOVERNMENTExplain the foll owing in English:（未标注页码为学习手册页码）1.P245.52.P245.63.P246.74.P246.95.P247.116.P247.127.P247.138.P311.3(课本)9.P246.810.P240.1211.P314.23（课本）Fill in the blanks:1.fed eralism, the separation of powers, respect for the Constitution and the rul e of law2.foreign affairs, matters of general concern to all the states3.the Democrats, the Republicans4.executive, l egislature, judicial5.Ford, Rockefell er, the Presid ent Nixon resigned when he was in power6.Vice-Presid ent7.four, four, John Kenedy8.two terms(eight years)9.435, 2, 100, 610.the Congress(both the Senate and the House of Representatives), the Senate, a two-thirds majority in both Houses11.Confed eration12.192213.The Supreme Court14.life, Presid ent, the Senate15.The Fed eral Bureau of InvestigationTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-8: ACDCADCBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2882.P2883.P2914.P294&(p314.29)5.P3026.P3037.P290, p297, p3078.P302-p3034. American LiteratureⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第268 页2.学习手册第268 页3.学习手册第268 页4.学习手册第269 页5.学习手册第270 页6.学习手册第273 页7.学习手册第274 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. Washington Irving, Fennimore Cooper2.Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the house of Usher3.(Concord, Massachusetts), Ralph Wald o Emerson,Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne4.Nature, The American Scholar, Self-Reliance, Experience5.Walden6.The Scarlet Letter7.Herman Melville8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Theodore Dreiser10.The Great Gatsby, what had happened to American life11.John Dos Passos12.A Fable, Light in August, The Hamlet13.The Sun Also Rise, A farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls14.John Steinbeck, Ralph Ellison15.Eugene O’Neill, Long Day’s Journey into NightⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:CADBD DCCAD BCⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第258,267(explanation 1) 页2.Both are 19th-century writer. Both are also a poet and journal keeper.3.学习手册第269(2) 页4.课本第2326 页5.5. ReligionⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第293 页2.学习手册第293 页3.学习手册第294 页4.学习手册第294 页5.学习手册第291 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1.four-fifths, majority hardly, half2.U.S3.Against the Constitution4.The Baptists, the Methodists5.Roman Catholics, the Baptists, The Methodists, Presbyterians6.John F. KennedyⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:ACDCAⅣ. Answer the questions:1.课本第345 页（4-9行）2.课本第345（最后一段）页3.课本第346（第二段）页4.可参阅课本359页Notes6、7、8、9所对应的句子。
英美文化考试试题附答案
1.What are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA? DifferencesF irst the political party system .Britain appears the earliest bourgeois partyin the world and it is the first country to establish and implement two-party system: two-party system combined with the British cabinet system. The cabinet consists of the political party which gains the majority at a general election. The largest opposition party is the House of Commons which can establish a shadow cabinet. The organization of British Party is strict and there are many party members. Britain's two political parties are two different political factions in the parliament at first. On the contrary, the internal organization of American political party is very loose. The ruling par ty masters executive power, but doesn’t master the legislative power. American's two political parties aim at supporting and opposing federalism. The party's main activity is the presidential campaign. The two-party system is stable. This kind of system will cause the United States parties which are in the middle of the internal organization is very weak.S econd comparison is the Constitution. Up until now, t the Britain does not havea single document called the Constitution but its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. The British constitution is the product of a long-term historical evolution. It is the sum total of the common law over the years. The basic principle of the British Constitution is obscure. However, the United States has a written constitution which is very difficult to change. The United States Constitution is the fundamental law of America, which establishes the legal basis for the American political system.The US Constitution has four major principles: separation of powers, federal system, doctrine of constitutional supremacy and equality. The two purposes of the United States constitution are limiting the power of the government and protecting people's freedom.T hird is the legal system. American and British legislative systems have the sameprinciples in general Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. In the meantime, the U.S. congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign.2.What is the role of the Monarch in the UK?Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom.In a monarchy, a king or queen is Head of State. The British monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.Although the British Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation.As Head of State, The Monarch undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Monarch has a less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. The Sovereign acts as a focus for national identity, unity and pride; gives a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the ideal of voluntary service.3.How do you comment on the British education system?课本66页简述+First，these deucation can develop their creativity and imagination maybe that is why there are so mang Nobel Prize's winners and plenty of inventions.Second,these education can give them a chance to enter a famous college like Oxford and Cambridge which is the best single way to guarantee them a successful career.Third these education can develop their patriotism which is important to a country.Of course ,this will lead to a peaceful society.These education can also inspire their passion to make countribution to their society to make a more prosperoty country. These education make a fully developed person who always knows what he wants to do and how to do it well,and then he can live a happy life.4. What do you think of the Open University in Britain?5. How do you comment on the American education system?7题补充：18. How do people celebrate Halloween?P277Every October 31, both children and adults slip into the night as ghosts, princesses and pirates, and tell tales of witches and ghosts. Pumpkins are carved into glowering (怒视的) jack-o'-lanterns (a kind of lantern南瓜做的杰克灯笼). Children parade from house to house, knocking on doors and calling out "Trick or treat!" hoping to have their bags filled with candy. It can be a night of fun for those who participate.17. What does Guy Fawkes’ Day celebrate? P26316.Discuss the development in the US magazine industry and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the magazine medium.P24915.Discuss the main services of the British national public broadcaster the BBC.P23014.List the famous broadcasters in the UK and the USA and try to make a comparison between the broadcasting systems in the two countries.Media of the United Kingdom consist of several different types of communications media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and Web sites. The country also has a strong music industry. The United Kingdom has a diverse range of providers, the most prominent being the state-owned public service broadcaster, the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). Regional media is covered by local radio, television and print newspapers.USA Broadcasting was an American media company owned by veteran entertainment industry executive Barry Diller. This network was the over-the-air broadcasting arm of USA Network.。
英语提高 英美文化试题
2014-2015-2 Final Review on British CultureI.Gap-filling: (20%, 1 for each)1. Britain consist of four nations，including England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland .2. The full name of the United Kingdom is Great Britain and Northern Ireland.3. Britain is a country with a history of invasions, in 43 AD Britain was invaded by Roman , in the late 8th century they experienced Vikings raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from Normans.4. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in 5th century.5.The island of Great Britain is made up of England, Scotland and Wales.6. London plays a significant role in British economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial center of the nation, but also one of three major international financial centers in world.7. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: Edinburgh and Glasgow.8. The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh which is well-known for its natural beauty.9. In 1979, （the Conservative party ）under Thacher came into power and carried out a program of privatization.10. Since the discovery of oil and gas under the North Sea, Britain has gained a strong position in the off shore oil industry.11.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to give advice.12.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism andprivatization13. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the House of Lords, the House of Commons and The Queen .14. One of the oldest of the early “old English”literary works is called Beowulf.15. The Canterbury Tales is generally regarded as Geoffrey Chaucer’s masterpiece.16. Name the four tragedies written by Shakespeare: HamletOthello，King Lear and Macbeth17.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is drama .18.cricket is the national sport in England, while football is the most popularone.19. Name the four comedies written by Shakespeare:andJane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man.21. The United Kingdom has been a member of Union since 1973.22. The UK has a total area of approximately 245000km², almost a quarter-of-a-million square kilometers.23. The distinctive British traffic rule is left-driving.24. The most popular dish in England is fish and chips.25.__The Championships, Wimbledon__ is one of the four most famousGrand Slam tennis tournaments, the others are the Australia Open,, the French Open (Roland Garros) and the US Open26. The Tudor period started from Henry VII after he defeated the House of York in the War of Roses in 1485, and ended with the death of the Queen Elizabeth I (伊丽莎白一世) on 24th March 1603 after 45 years on the throne.II. Definition Explaining: 20% (5 for each)1. The Canterbury Tales:(《坎特伯雷故事集》:)The Canterbury tales is the most important work in Middle English Literature. It‟s made up of a series of stories told by 31 pilgrims to entertain each other on their way to the Christian church at Canterbury in south-east England. It‟squite noticeable for its diversity, not only in the range of social status among the pilgrims,but also in style of the storiesthey tell.《坎特伯雷故事集》是中古英语文学中最重要的工作。
(A)英语翻译高级口译英译中文化历史(一)
(A)英语翻译高级口译英译中文化历史(一)(总分：100.02，做题时间：90分钟)一、试题1(总题数：1，分数：40.00)A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. Americans, it is alleged, worship only "the almighty dollar". We scramble to "keep up with the Joneses". The love affair between Americans and their automobiles has been a continuing subject of derisive commentary by both foreign and domestic critics. Americans are said to live by a quantitative ethic. Bigger is better, whether in bombs or sedans. The classical virtues of grace, harmony, and economy of both means and ends are lost on most Americans. As a result, we are said to be swallowing up the world's supply of natural resources, which are irreplaceable. Americans constitute 6 percent of the world's population but consume over a third of the world's energy. These are now familiar complaints. Indeed, in some respects Americans may believe the "pursuit of happiness" to mean the pursuit of material things.（分数：40.00）(1).A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit.（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(人们常常批评美国文化过分热衷于物质产品，却忽略了人的精神需求。
英美文化考试试题附答案
1.What are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA?DifferencesF irst the political party system .Britain appears the earliest bourgeois party in the world and it isthe first country to establish and implement two-party system: two-party system combined with the British cabinet system. The cabinet consists of the political party which gains the majority at a general election. The largest opposition party is the House of Commons which can establish a shadow cabinet. The organization of British Party is strict and there are many party members. Britain's two political parties are two different political factions in the parliament at first. On the contrary, the internal organization of American political party is very loose. The ruling party masters executive power, but doesn’t master the legislative power. American's two political parties aim at supporting and opposing federalism. The party's main activity is the presidential campaign. The two-party system is stable. This kind of system will cause the United States parties which are in the middle of the internal organization is very weak.S econd comparison is the Constitution. Up until now, t the Britain does not have a singledocument called the Constitution but its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. The British constitution is the product of a long-term historical evolution. It is the sum total of the common law over the years. The basic principle of the British Constitution is obscure. However, the United States has a written constitution which is very difficult to change. The United States Constitution is the fundamental law of America, which establishes the legal basis for the American political system.The US Constitution has four major principles: separation of powers, federal system, doctrine of constitutional supremacy and equality. The two purposes of the United States constitution are limiting the power of the government and protecting people's freedom.T hird is the legal system. American and British legislative systems have the same principles ingeneral Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. In the meantime, the U.S. congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign.2.What is the role of the Monarch in the UK?Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom.In a monarchy, a king or queen is Head of State. The British monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the abilityto make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.Although the British Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation.As Head of State, The Monarch undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Monarch has a less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. The Sovereign acts as a focus for national identity, unity and pride; gives a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the ideal of voluntary service.3.How do you comment on the British education system?课本66页简述+First，these deucation can develop their creativity and imagination maybe that is why there are so mang Nobel Prize's winners and plenty of inventions.Second,these education can give them a chance to enter a famous college like Oxford and Cambridge which is the best single way to guarantee them a successful career.Third these education can develop their patriotism which is important to a country.Of course ,this will lead to a peaceful society.These education can also inspire their passion to make countribution to their society to make a more prosperoty country. These education make a fully developed person who always knows what he wants to do and how to do it well,and then he can live a happy life.4. What do you think of the Open University in Britain?5. How do you comment on the American education system?7题补充：18. How do people celebrate Halloween?P277Every October 31, both children and adults slip into the night as ghosts, princesses and pirates,and tell tales of witches and ghosts. Pumpkins are carved into glowering (怒视的) jack-o'-lanterns (a kind of lantern南瓜做的杰克灯笼). Children parade from house to house, knocking on doors and calling out "Trick or treat!" hoping to have their bags filled with candy. It can be a night of fun for those who participate.17. What does Guy Fawkes’ Day celebrate? P26316.Discuss the development in the US magazine industry and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the magazine medium.P24915.Discuss the main services of the British national public broadcaster the BBC.P23014.List the famous broadcasters in the UK and the USA and try to make a comparison between the broadcasting systems in the two countries.Media of the United Kingdom consist of several different types of communications media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and Web sites. The country also has a strong music industry. The United Kingdom has a diverse range of providers, the most prominent being the state-owned public service broadcaster, the BBC(British Broadcasting Corporation). Regional media is covered by local radio, television and print newspapers.USA Broadcasting was an American media company owned by veteran entertainment industry executive Barry Diller. This network was the over-the-air broadcasting arm of USA Network.。
英美文学100题翻译
英美文学100题翻译1.the work that presented,for the first time in English literature,a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid character from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales.在英国文学里提到的作品里，第一次全面逼真地刻画了中世纪英国社会，创造了一个来自各行各业的生动画面的作品是杰弗里·乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集。
2.Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry.乔叟被视为英文诗歌之父，3.The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 在英国文学史上，第一次在英文诗中引入英雄对联诗体，真正方便和体现了诗的魅力，是有乔叟开始的。
4.The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,including 31 members altogether.坎特伯雷故事集呈现的是从各行各业的所有人的生动的人物形象，比如朝圣者的队伍，其中一共包括31名成员。
英美文化口语考试话题
英美文化口语考试话题Chapter One: Understanding the Culture of the United States1. Who established the dominant American culture?Immigrants, most immigrants were from northern Europe, and the majority were from England. Their values and traditions became the dominant, traditional culture of the United States.Chapter Two: Traditional American Values and Beliefs2. What are the six traditional American values and beliefs?Individual freedom and self-reliance，equality of opportunity and competition，material wealth and hard work。
Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage3. What is the most important heritage of Protestantism in the United States?Self-improvement（p54）。
Material success，hard work。
Self-discipline。
Volunteerism and humanitarianism（人道主义）Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage4. What is the “Protestant work ethic” according to our textbook?The belief in hard work and self-discipline in pursuit of material gain and other goa ls is often referred to as …the Protestant work ethic?.(p55 13)Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage5. What does "frontier" refer to in American history?American macho heroes. Inventiveness and the can-do spirit.Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage6. What are the two new values derived from the American frontier?Inventiveness and the can-do spirit. (p77)Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage7. Why did the sale of guns rise after 9/11?How Americans reacted to 911 reveals another legacy of the frontier: Americans? willingness to take the law into their own hands to protect themselves and their families. This tendency usually appears when Americans believe the police cannot adequately protect them.Chapter Six: The World of American Business8. Which values are reinforced(加强) in the American business?Individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work.Chapter Seven: Government and Politics in the United States9. What are the three branches of the American government? What are their powers respectively?(p142)Congress is the legislative or lawmaking branch of the government.The president, or chief executive, heads the executive branch, which has responsibility to carry out the laws.The Supreme Court and lower national courts make up the judicial branch. The judicial branch settles disputes about the exact meaning of the law through court cases.Chapter Nine: Education in the United States10. Could you explain the sentence “American universities look for well-rounded students when they admit”?(p195) Grades in high school courses and scores on tests like the sat are very important, but so are the students?extracurricular activities. It is by participating in these activities that students demonstrate their special talents, their level of maturity and responsibility, their leadership qualities, and their ability to get along with others.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Puta “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.1.The United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。
（注：北爱尔兰是英国的一部分，而英国位于西欧，即Western Europe，是一个岛国）2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England, Scotland, Walesand Ireland. ( F)英国包含四个政治分区，分别是英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰。
（注：爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家，此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island，这才是英国的一个地区。
）3.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F )英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。
（注：不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛；英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，有大不列颠岛上的英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。
大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿，英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。
）4.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones. ( F)不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。
（注：由两个大岛屿和其他小岛组成，大岛屿为大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛）5.Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain. ( F)威尔士坐落在大不列颠岛的东海岸。
（注：威尔士坐落在大不列颠岛的西海岸，即west coast）6.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that allused to be colonies of Britain. ( F )英联邦是独立国家的自由组合，而且这些国家过去都被殖民过。
（注：英联邦—英语：Commonwealth of Nations，是一个以英国为主导的国家联合体，由54个主权国家（含属地）所组成，成员大多为前大英帝国的殖民地或附属国，但并非所有。
）7.In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of themost beautiful scenery in Europe. ( T)在苏格兰，崎岖的山岭，绿色的山谷和深蓝色的湖为欧洲展现了最美的风景。
8.Britain’s longest river is the Thames. ( F )英国最长的河流是泰晤士河。
（注：英国最长的河流是塞汶河Severn）9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England. ( F )英国最大的湖是位于英格兰西北部的内伊湖。
（注：内伊湖作为英国最大的湖泊，位于北爱尔兰的中部）10.Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current that sweepsup from the equator and flows past the British Isles. ( T )英国的气候受到墨西哥湾暖流的影响，从赤道流向大不列颠群岛。
2. The following are questions or incomplete sentences. Below each sentence or question four possible answers marked A, B, C and D are provided. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence or answers the question.1. The British Isles are made up of __C_____.不列颠群岛由什么组成？A. three large islands and hundreds of small ones.B. three large islands and dozens of small ones.C. two large islands and hundreds of small ones.（两个大岛屿和好几百个小岛屿）D. two large islands and dozens of small ones.2.Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?___C___下面哪一个不是大不列颠群岛上的政治分区？A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Northern Ireland（北爱尔兰）D. Wales（注：北爱尔兰在爱尔兰岛上）3.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the __B___ and theNorth Sea in the east.英国通过南边的英吉利海峡和东边的北海与欧洲的其他国家相分隔。
A. eastB. southC. westD. north4.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year__D__.爱尔兰共和国是在哪一年独立的？A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495.The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ___A___.英国最高的山——本尼维斯山，坐落在？A. the Highlands （高原地区）B. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in _B____.大英帝国被英联邦所取代是在哪一年？A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507.All the following are natural zones in Scotland, except __C___.以下所有的都是苏格兰的自然区，除了____？A. Highlands in the northB. the Central lowlandsC. the Eastern lowlands （东部低地）D. the Southern uplands8.The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of __A___.奔您山脉常常被称为是_____的支柱性山系？A. England（英格兰）B. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland9.The regional capital of Northern Ireland is ___D__.北爱尔兰的首都是？A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. Belfast（贝尔法斯特）10.Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?___B___关于英国的气候，下面哪一个是错误的？A. Britain’s climate is of the maritime typeB. Winters in Britain are extremely cold（英国的冬天极度寒冷）注：英国属温带海洋性气候。
全年温和湿润，四季寒暑变化不大。
C. Summers in Britain are coolD. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winterUnit 2 THE PEOPLEQuiz1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Puta “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts. ( F )英格兰人，苏格兰人和威尔士人是盎格鲁萨克逊人，但是爱尔兰人是凯尔特人。
（注：英国民族大体上分原住民凯尔特民族以及北欧来的盎格鲁——撒克逊民族。
苏格兰人和爱尔兰人是凯尔特人）2.London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdombecause of their large population. ( T )由于人口众多，伦敦和英格兰对英联邦的其他地区产生了很大的影响。
3.People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants inBritain. ( T)在英国，来自印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉国的人组成了最大的移民团体。