英美文化与英汉翻译(原-)

Part II. Translate the following English into Chinese

1. Martin Luther King (p. 8英美文化与英汉翻译) 马丁。路德。金

“To be a Negro in America is to hope against hope,” wrote Martin Luther King in the last year of his life. The advance of the black man in the United States, from the position of slave to that of proud and equal citizen, is slow. The black man’s hopes have often ended in despair.

“Of the good things in life he has about one-half those of whites; of the bad he has twice those of whites,” wrote Dr. King . half of all black people lived in poor houses. They received about half as much pay as whites. They had twice as many of their people out of work and twice as many babies dead for lack of proper care. Allowing for their numbers, twice as many black men as white fought in the war in Vietnam, and twice as many died in that war. Most black people still did work that was unpleasant and poorly paid. It was the only work they could get.

“在美国，做一个黑人就等于在无望中抱存一线希望，”马丁·路德·金在他生命的最后一年这样写道。在美国，黑人的社会地位由奴隶上升为自豪和平等的公民，这个发展历程是缓慢的。黑人的希望常常以绝望而告终。

“他所拥有的生活中的幸福只有大约白人的一半；而他所经受的痛苦却是白人的两倍，”马丁·路德·金博士写道。黑人中的一半都住在破旧的房子里。他们的工资大约是白人的一半。他们拥有两倍于白人的失业人数。他们因缺少适当的照顾而死亡的婴儿是白人的两倍。考虑一下这些数字，两倍于白人的黑人男子在越南战场中作战，两倍于白人的黑人男子在那场战争死亡。大多数黑人仍然做着那些低级，收入很低的工作。这是他们唯一能够找到的工作。

2. Prohibition(p.20英美文化与英汉翻译) 禁酒

There exists in the United States at this time a powerful group of persons who are specializing in the pursuit of crime on an organized scale. They utilize the latest technologies and scientific know-how in the conduct of their operations, which span the continent from coast to coast. Until recently, the most important underworld tycoons came from an older generation, which won fame during the era of Prohibition. Now, a younger group of persons is striving to gain greater influence in criminal circles as some of the older criminals are dying out.

美国目前存在一个有很大势力的犯罪团伙，专门有组织地从事犯罪活动。他们利用最新技术和科学知识做案，行踪遍及美国全境。在这之前，最有影响的黑社会老大都是在禁酒时期起家老一辈。现在，一些年事已高的犯罪首领都相继死去，一群年轻人正在犯罪集团中扩大势力范围。

3. Democracy(p. 21英美文化与英汉翻译) 民主

Almost all Americans want to be democratic, but many Americans are confused about what, exactly, democracy means. How do you know when someone is acting in a democratic---or an undemocratic –- way? Recently several groups have spoken out with particular bitterness against the kind of democracy that means equal opportunity for all, regardless of race or national origin. They act as if all human beings did not belong to one species, as if some races of mankind were inferior to others in their capacity to learn what members of other races know and have invented. Other extremists attack religious groups---Jews or Catholics---or deny the right of an individual to