过去分词作状语的用法归纳
初中分词作状语的用法讲解归纳
初中分词作状语的用法讲解归纳很多同学都不太了解分词作状语的用法,小编整理了一些分词的知识点,大家一起来看看吧。
过去分词作状语用法归纳一、过去分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。
过去分词(短语)作状语一般都用逗号同其它成分隔开。
1. 作时间状语时,可转换为when或while等引导的从句,通常放在句首。
如:Seen from the top of the hill (= When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a big garden.2. 作条件状语时,可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句,一般放在句首。
如:Given more attention (= If it was given more attention), the fire could have been avoided.3. 作原因状语时,可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句,多放在句首。
如:Encouraged (= As she was encouraged) by the teacher, the girl was very happy.4. 作让步状语时,可转换为though, although 或even if引导的从句,常放在句首。
如:Left (= Although she was left) alone at home, Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all.5. 作方式或伴随状语时,常可转换为并列分句,可位于句首或句末。
如:Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab. (= The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.)6. 过去分词(短语)作状语时,有时为了强调,前面可带连词when, while, if, though, as if, unless等。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
1. 哎呀,当过去分词表示被动或完成的时候,就可以作状语啦!就像“He was deeply moved by the story.”这里的“moved”就是被故事深深打动呀。
2. 嘿,要是过去分词用来表达原因,那也是很妙的哟!比如说“Frustrated by the failure, he almost gave up.”这“Frustrated”不就是因为失败而沮丧嘛。
3. 哇塞,当过去分词表示时间,这多神奇呀!像“Seen from the top of the mountain, the view is amazing.”看到没,“Seen”就是从山顶被看到那个时间点呀。
4. 哟呵,过去分词表示条件的时候,是不是很有意思呀!例如“If prepared well, you will do great.”这里的“prepared”就是如果准备好这个条件呀。
5. 哈哈,过去分词还能表示让步呢!像“Though beaten many times, he still doesn't give up.”“beaten”就是尽管被打击很多次啦。
6. 哎呀呀,当表示方式或伴随的时候,过去分词也能上呀!比如“She sat there, lost in thought.”“lost”不就是那种伴随的状态嘛。
7. 嘿呀嘿呀,过去分词作状语的时候,可真是变化多端呢!就像“Surrounded by his friends, he feels happy.”“Surrounded”就是周围被朋友围着呀。
8. 哇哦,过去分词这么有用,大家可得好好掌握呀!
总之,过去分词作状语的用法很多,大家要多多练习,才能运用自如呀!。
过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语知识点包括过去分词(短语)作状语、过去分词(短语)作状语的用法、过去分词(短语)作状语应注意的问题、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别、过去分词作表语等部分,有关过去分词(短语)作状语的详情如下:过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况,在意义上相当于状语从句,可以跟状语从句转换,表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。
其逻辑主语为句子的主语,两者之间为动宾关系。
过去分词(短语)作状语的用法1.时间状语过去分词(短语)作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,可以在其前加上when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确;该状语可置于句首、句尾或主语与谓语之间。
从时间意义上看,该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生,也可与谓语动作同时发生。
Told that his mother was seriously ill,Li Ping hurried home quickly.被告知妈妈病得很严重,李平急忙跑回了家。
(先于谓语动作发生)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful.=When(it is)seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,城市显得更美丽。
(与谓语动作同时发生)2.原因状语过去分词(短语)作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句,多位于句首,偶尔也出现在句尾或句中。
Moved by the heroic deeds,the children couldn't help crying.孩子们被英雄事迹感动,情不自禁地哭了起来。
Lost in thought,he almost knocked into a tree.由于陷入了沉思,他差点撞到树上。
过去分词作状语的用法(一)
过去分词作状语的用法(一)过去分词作状语的用法介绍过去分词是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,可以用作状语来修饰句子的主语或谓语。
它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等不同的意义。
本文将详细介绍过去分词作状语的常见用法。
用法一:表示时间过去分词作状语时,可以表示动作发生的时间,常用于时间状语从句中。
•例子1:Having finished her homework, she went to bed early. (完成作业后,她早早就去睡觉了。
)•例子2:Being exhausted, he decided to take a break. (感到精疲力尽,他决定休息一下。
)用法二:表示原因过去分词可以表示动作的原因,常用于表示原因的状语从句中。
•例子1:Disappointed by the results, he decided to give up. (对结果感到失望,他决定放弃。
)•例子2:Feeling sick, she stayed home instead of going to work. (感到不舒服,她待在家里而不去上班。
)用法三:表示条件过去分词可以表示动作发生的条件,常用于条件状语从句中。
•例子1:Given enough time, I can finish the task. (如果给我足够的时间,我可以完成这个任务。
)•例子2:With proper training, he could become a great athlete. (经过适当的训练,他可以成为一名优秀的运动员。
)用法四:表示方式过去分词可以表示动作发生的方式,常用于方式状语从句中。
•例子1:He won the race, running as fast as he could.(他尽可能快地跑,赢得了比赛。
)•例子2:She spoke politely, not wanting to offend anyone.(她礼貌地说话,不想冒犯任何人。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语一.过去分词作状语的基本用法:过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前,也可置于主句后,用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by theheavy smoke, hecould hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain,hewasall wet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’tdare to sle epin her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语ﻫLeft to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it,the monitor said itwas his duty. 当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的职责。
ﻫApproached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语ﻫSeen in this aspect,the matterisn’t as seriousaspeople generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown inrich soil,these seedscan grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
ﻫGiven better attention, the accident could have been avoided.要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。
非谓语动词用法解析过去分词作状语
非谓语动词用法解析过去分词作状语非谓语动词用法解析——过去分词作状语过去分词作为一种非谓语动词形式,在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色。
它可以作为状语,修饰动词、形容词以及副词,起到更加精确和丰富的表达作用。
本文将对过去分词作状语的用法进行解析,并举例说明其在不同语境下的运用。
1. 过去分词作时间状语过去分词可以表示一个动作或状态的发生时间,常用于表示被动或完成的行为。
这种用法通常与表示时间的介词短语(如"after"、"before"、"since"、"when"、"while"等)搭配使用。
例1:Having finished her work, she went out for a walk.(完成了工作后,她出去散步了。
)例2:After being repaired, the car was as good as new.(修好后,这辆车好像新的一样。
)2. 过去分词作原因状语过去分词也可以表示一个动作或状态的原因。
它常用于表示被动、先行动作和结果的关系,通常与表示原因的介词短语(如"because of"、"due to"、"thanks to"等)搭配使用。
例1:Because of the heavy rain, the game was canceled.(因为下大雨,比赛被取消了。
)例2:Due to his hard work, he achieved great success.(由于他的努力,他取得了巨大的成功。
)3. 过去分词作方式状语过去分词还可以表示一个动作的方式或方式。
它常与表示方式的介词短语(如"by")或连词(如"as")搭配使用。
例1:He won the race by running faster than others.(他通过比其他人跑得更快赢得了比赛。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
掌握其用法应该注意以下几点一、过去分词作状语与状语从句之间的转换1)表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,为了明确其意义有时可在分词前加上when,while等连词。
如:⑴Asked why she didn’t do it ,she began to cry.=When she was asked why she didn’t do it,she began to cry.当问到她为什么没有做此事时,她开始哭了起来。
⑵Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.=When we see it from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园。
2)表示原因,相当于as, since, because引导的原因状语从句。
如:⑴She soon fell asleep, tired by the journey.=Since she was tired by the journey she soon fell asleep.由于旅途劳累,她很快就睡着了。
⑵Born and brought up in the village.=Because he was born and brought up in the village.由于生长在那个村庄,所以他认识那里许多人。
3)表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if, unless 等词。
如:⑴Given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.=If I am given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.如果再给我半小时,我也能解出这道题。
分词作状语的用法
分词作状语的用法分词作状语是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它可以使句子更加生动而有力。
本文将说明分词作状语的用法及相关注意事项。
一、分词作时间状语分词作时间状语可以表示动作发生的时间或时间先后顺序。
1. 过去分词作时间状语:Having finished his homework, he went out to play.过去分词短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间在过去分词的动作发生之后。
2. 现在分词作时间状语:Hearing the news, they were very excited.现在分词短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间在现在分词的动作发生之时。
3. 不定式短语作时间状语:To improve his English, he practices speaking every day.不定式短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间是为了达到不定式的目的。
二、分词作原因状语分词作原因状语可以表示动作发生的原因或原因结果关系。
1. 过去分词作原因状语:Being tired, she decided to go to bed early.过去分词短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是过去分词的动作。
2. 现在分词作原因状语:Seeing the dark clouds, they decided to bring umbrellas.现在分词短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是现在分词的动作。
3. 不定式短语作原因状语:To save money, he stopped eating out.不定式短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是不定式的目的。
三、分词作条件状语分词作条件状语可以表示动作发生的条件或条件结果关系。
1. 过去分词作条件状语:Given the chance, he would travel around the world.过去分词短语作条件状语,表示主句发生的条件是过去分词的动作。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
如:Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园。
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业。
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
如:Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵。
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞,年轻人决定起来从事斗争。
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if等词。
如:Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会,他会做得更好。
Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比,你应该更加努力学习英语。
If heated, water can be turned into steam. 水如果被加热,会变成水蒸气。
④表让步,相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
如:Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽,他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。
过去分词作状语
一、过去分词
过去分词有两大特点:一是表被动的概念;二是表动作已完成。
过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。
二、过去分词作状语的用法
1.过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且与主语之间构成“被动关系”。
过去分词短语作条件、原因、以及时间状语时,通常放在句首;作伴随、结果状语时通常放在句末。
作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时放在句首。
作让步状语通常放在句首,有时放在句末。
2. 过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,或表示一种状态。
与谓语动作同时发生或存在。
过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语:
1
2。
过去分词作状语的用法和例句
过去分词作状语的用法和例句过去分词作状语,说起来有点儿学术,但其实它并不神秘,咱们可以把它想象成语言中的“捷径”,让你在说话或者写作时更加简洁有力。
你看,咱们平时说话,有时候喜欢用一些形容词或者副词来描述事情,这样就能让语句更有画面感。
就像咱们说“疲惫不堪的身影”时,这个“疲惫不堪的”其实就是在告诉你这个人是什么状态,什么样子,不用你额外解释,听着就能明白。
过去分词作状语就差不多是这个意思了。
过去分词,顾名思义,就是那些在句子里表示“动作已经完成”或者“状态已经发生”的词。
比如说,“看完电影后,他走了。
”这里的“看完”就相当于一个过去分词,它告诉你动作已经结束了。
而作为状语时,过去分词不仅是描述动作的完成,还能起到修饰的作用,让你听完句子后脑海里有画面,有感觉。
比如,“抱着孩子走进来的她,眼睛里满是幸福。
”这句话中的“抱着”就让你立马知道她是怎么走进来的,而且一下子把你拉进了那个画面,似乎能感受到她那份温柔。
过去分词做状语,有时候用起来特别方便。
想象一下,如果你每次都要说:“在吃完饭之后,我会去跑步。
”那是不是有点累赘?但是如果你换成“吃完饭后,我去跑步。
”是不是一下就简单利落了呢?过去分词做状语,省去了一大堆词,语句更加简洁有力。
你看,不需要花太多时间解释每个动作是怎么发生的。
只要简单的过去分词一出现,大家就能理解。
这种感觉就像你朋友发来消息说“吃了饭没?”你可能根本不需要回应:“吃了饭,然后……”,直接说“吃了。
”立马简洁明了,是不是?过去分词作状语不仅仅是为了简化句子,它有时候还能让句子充满情感,带有一种动态的美感。
比如,“离开家的他,眼神里充满了不舍。
”这句话里的“离开”让你瞬间感受到一种告别的沉重,那种复杂的情感,一下子被过去分词抓住了。
好像你能看到他离开的背影,看到他心里的纠结。
再比如,“打完篮球后,我们一块去吃饭。
”看着这句,想必你能感受到运动过后的热血沸腾,再去吃个大餐的心情,那种舒爽、放松,一切都恰到好处。
过去分词短语作状语
过去分词短语作状语在英语语法中,过去分词短语可以用来作为状语。
这种状语可以用来修饰动词、形容词或者副词,以达到更加准确和生动的表达。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨过去分词短语作为状语的用法和意义,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这种语法结构。
一、过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语可以用来表示时间,例如:1. Having finished his homework, he went to bed early.(他做完作业后早早地睡了)2. After having breakfast, I went to work.(吃完早餐后,我去上班了)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“having finished his homework”和“after having breakfast”分别作为时间状语,修饰了谓语动词“went to bed”和“went to work”。
这种用法可以帮助读者更加清晰地了解事件的发生顺序和时间关系,使句子更加流畅和连贯。
二、过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语还可以用来表示原因,例如:1. Being tired, she went to bed early.(她很累了,早早地睡了)2. Having missed the bus, he had to walk to work.(他错过了公交车,只能步行去上班)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“being tired”和“having missedthe bus”分别作为原因状语,说明了主语行动的原因。
这种用法可以让读者更加清晰地了解事件的因果关系,使句子更加有逻辑性和连贯性。
三、过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语还可以用来表示条件,例如:1. Given the circumstances, we had no choice but to cancel the event.(鉴于情况,我们别无选择,只能取消活动了)2. Knowing the truth, he decided to tell the police.(知道真相后,他决定向警方报告)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“given the circumstances”和“knowing the truth”分别作为条件状语,说明了主语行动的条件。
过去分词作状语的用法
—No, it was __A______. A. very boring B. very bored
C. much boring
D. much bored
7. Written in great haste(匆忙), __D______.
A. Jim made a lot of mistakes in the report
D. being considered
13. Your idea surprised me, it is a(n) ___C_____.
A. idea surprised
B. surprised idea
C. surprising idea
D. idea surprising
14. Mrs White showed her students some old maps _C______from the library.
A.to borrow borrowed
B.to be
C.borrowed
D.Borrowing
Homework
1.Do the exercises on page 76( 优化 设计)
2.Do the exercises on page 33 in your textbook.
3.表示条件
动词-ed形式作状语表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句。
eg: If water is heated,water changes into steam →____H_e_a_t_e_d___, water changes into steam.
加热,水就能变成蒸汽。
If he was given more time,he would be able to do better.
非谓语动词用法精讲过去分词作结果状语的用法和注意事项
非谓语动词用法精讲过去分词作结果状语的用法和注意事项过去分词作为结果状语时,常用于表达某个动作或状态所产生的结果或影响,并且该结果与动作或状态之间具有因果关系。
本文将重点介绍过去分词作结果状语的用法和注意事项。
一、过去分词作结果状语的基本形式过去分词作结果状语通常放在句子的末尾,修饰前面的动词或整个句子的行为或状态,并且可以通过独立结构或现在分词短语等方式来表示。
以下是几种常见的表达形式:1. 独立结构过去分词可以作为独立结构来表示结果状语,通常使用形式为“过去分词 + 宾语”。
例如:(1) The painting finished, he put it on display.(画完成后,他将其展示出来。
)(2) The work done, we went home.(工作完成后,我们回家了。
)2. 现在分词短语过去分词也可以通过现在分词短语的形式来表达结果状语,即“过去分词 + 现在分词”。
例如:(1) Shocked by the news, she couldn't say a word.(被这个消息震惊了,她一言不发。
)(2) Surprised and excited, we hurried to the airport.(感到惊讶又兴奋,我们匆忙赶往机场。
)二、过去分词作结果状语的语义特点1. 结果状语的时间先于主句的发生时间过去分词作结果状语所表达的结果通常发生在主句中所描述的动作或状态之前。
因此,它往往表示的是过去的动作或状态所产生的结果。
例如:(1) Exhausted from the long day, he fell asleep immediately.(因为一天的劳累,他立刻睡着了。
)(2) Inspired by the movie, she decided to become a director.(受到这部电影的启发,她决定成为一名导演。
)2. 与主语存在因果关系过去分词作结果状语常常与句子的主语存在因果关系。
过去分词短语作状语的用法
过去分词短语作状语的用法过去分词短语作状语的用法有很多,以下是60条以上的例子:1. 修饰动词:- 滑冰时,小明跌倒了。
- 他一边读书,一边写作业。
- 她唱完了歌,向观众鞠躬。
2. 修饰形容词:- 他很困疲,连续工作了十个小时。
- 她非常兴奋,因为她被录取了。
3. 修饰副词:- 他跑得很快,追上了那个小偷。
- 他讲得很认真,大家都很受感动。
4. 表示时间:- 昨天我在图书馆看书。
- 他在军队服役了两年。
5. 表示原因:- 天气太热了,我们决定去游泳。
- 因为过去常常下雨,他没有收获到很多庄稼。
6. 表示结果:- 摔跤后,他的腿受伤了。
- 长时间的用眼使她的视力变差了。
7. 表示条件:- 如果得了好成绩,他们就会给她一个奖学金。
- 假如你赢了比赛,我会带你去庆祝。
8. 表示让步:- 尽管难以置信,他们完成了任务。
- 即使生活各方面都很困难,他也从未放弃。
9. 表示方式:- 他小声地说,以免被听到。
- 警察把他粗暴地逮捕起来。
10. 表示伴随:- 我们一起坐在海滩上看着日落。
- 在音乐声中,他们舞蹈了一整晚。
11. 表示目的:- 他去邮局寄信。
- 我们买了一些食物,为了备不时之需。
12. 表示程度:- 晚餐做得很好,大家都吃得很饱。
- 雨下得很大,我们都淋湿了。
13. 表示顺序:- 他按照指示一步一步地进行。
- 他按照说明书安装了电视。
14. 表示比较:- 她比我学得更快。
- 这部电影比预期更好看。
15. 表示条件:- 假如你想要通过考试,你就需要努力学习。
- 如果下雨,我们就会取消野餐计划。
16. 表示结果:- 失去工作,他变得沮丧。
- 她的努力得到了回报。
17. 表示时间:- 经历了许多困难,他终于实现了梦想。
- 她看了一会电视,然后出去散步。
18. 表示原因:- 由于道路交通拥堵,我们迟到了。
- 风大得让树都被吹倒了。
19. 表示让步:- 尽管工作很忙,他还是找时间陪孩子。
- 即使受伤了,他仍然坚持比赛。
过去分词作定语和状语的用法总结
过去分词作定语和状语的用法总结过去分词作定语和状语是英语语法中的两种常用语法形式,用于描述动作和状态。
在过去分词作定语或状语的语法结构中,动词通常使用了-ed或-en的形式,并位于名词或动词后面,用于表示一个已完成的动作或状态。
本文将从以下三个方面对过去分词作定语和状语进行讲解:一、过去分词作定语的用法;二、过去分词作状语的用法;三、过去分词作定语和状语的区别及例句。
一、过去分词作定语的用法过去分词作定语一般位于被修饰的名词之后,用于修饰名词,描述名词所表示的事物的状态或性质,通常用于以下情况:1. 表示被动意义的动作完成态例如:The broken pen cannot be used.(损坏的笔无法使用)The stolen bike has been found.(偷走的自行车已经找到了)2. 表示主动意义的动作完成态例如:The written book was published by a famous publisher.(写作完成的书是由著名出版商出版的)3. 表示状态的形容词例如:The annoyed boss left for a meeting.(心烦意乱的老板去开会了)二、过去分词作状语的用法过去分词作状语一般位于句子中,用于修饰谓语动词,描述动作发生时的情况,通常用于以下情况:1. 表示时间状况例如:He finished his homework, exhausted.(他写完作业后筋疲力尽)She stood there, frozen with fear.(她站在那里,惊恐万分)2. 表示原因或结果例如:Having saved enough money, he bought a new car.(存够了钱,他买了一辆新车)Being late for the meeting, they missed their chance.(因为迟到,他们错过了机会。
)3. 表示条件状况例如:Having finished the task, he went home.(完成任务后,他回家了)三、过去分词作定语和状语的区别及例句过去分词作定语和状语的最大区别在于它们所修饰的词不同。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语的用法归纳过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,表示被动和完成,在句子中一般可以作时间、原因等。
1.时间状语Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. 李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家。
Seen from the moon, the earth looks green. 从月亮上看时,地球是绿色。
2.原因状语Broken down on the high way, his car was carried away by the police. 由于他的车在高速公路上坏了,于是被警察拖走了。
Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他。
3.条件状语Given a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了。
Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 跟你比较起来,我还差得很远呢。
4.让步状语Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it. 即使给他解释一百篇,她还是不会明白。
Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool. 即使每天训练十个小时,他也还会是个傻瓜。
5.结果状语He fell off a tall tree, died. 他从树上摔了下来,死了(from )。
The cup fell down to the ground, broken. 茶杯掉到了地上,破碎了。
注意:一般来说,不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语,还是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
过去分词作状语
非谓语动词:过去分词过去分词短语作状语过去分词表示完成或被动,作状语时,表示动作发生的背景或者情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其省略的主语逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在被动关系;过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等;过去分词的否定式是将not放在其前面;一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法:1)过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句;有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念.例:1. Asked When he was asked what had happened, his face turned red.当他被问及发生了什么的时候,他的脸红了;2. When heated When it is heated, water changes into steam. 当加热时,水变成水蒸气;3.Told that his mother was illWhen he was told that his mother was illl, Li Lei hurried homequickly. 李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家;4. Seen from the moonWhen it is seen from the moon , the earth looks green. 从月亮上看时,地球是绿色;2)过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句;例:1. Deeply Because they were moved by the movie, the children began to cry.由于被电影深深地感动,孩子们哭了起来;2. Frightened Because she was frightened by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleepalone. 因为被惊悚电影吓坏了,这个女孩不敢单独睡觉;3. Caught in a heavy rain Because he was caught in a..., he was all wet.4. Satisfied with what he did Because the teacher was satisfied with..., the teacherpraised him in class. 由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他;3)过去分词作条件状语时,通常放在句子的前面,相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句; 例:1. Compared with you If we are compared , we still have a long way to go.和你们比起来,我们还有很长的一段路要走;2. Grown If these seeds are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快;3. Given more time If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work muchbetter.4. Given a few minutes If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了4)过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个以though / although引导的让步状语从句,这类分词或分词短语一般放在句子前面;例:1. Left Although he was left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕;2. Invited by him Though I was invited by them , I won’t take part in the party.即使被邀请,我也不会参加聚会的;3. Explained a hundred times Although he was explained... , he still can’t understand it. 即使给他解释一百篇,她还是不会明白;4.Trained ten hours a day Though he was trained..., he will still be a fool. 即使每天训练十个小时,他也还会是个傻瓜;5)过去分词作状语表方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换,但可以改写成并列句;例:1.She walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.她走出房子,后面跟着她小女儿;2. She was Dressed in white, and she looked really pretty.穿着白衣服,她看起来确实很美;3.She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.二、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别:1)过去分词表完成、被动,与主句的主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表进行、主动,与主句的主语之间是主动关系;试比较:Following the old man, we went upstairs. 跟着那个老人, 我们上了楼;= We followed the old man, and we went upstairs.Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. 我们上了楼, 后面跟着那个老人;= We were followed by the old man, and we went upstairs.Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. 从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢;Seeing from space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. 从太空看,宇航员看不到长城;2)若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正;①用with的复合结构等.②改为相应的状语从句来表达;③给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构④改变语态;例如:完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了;Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. ×Their homework finished, the children went out to play football. 独立主格Having finished their homework, the children went out to play football.现在分词完成形式With their homework finished表时间, the children went out to play football. with的复合结构After finishing their homework, the children went out to play football. 介词+动名词例如:当他过马路时,一辆车撞到了他;误:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down.误:Crossed the road, he was knocked down by a car.正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 过马路时他被车撞倒了;正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他过马路时车子把他撞倒了; ※注意:的由来解决状语分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的问题,也可在分词前加一个名词或代词,使之成为分词的逻辑主语;由于加在分词前的名词或代词要用主格形式,例:He crossing the road, a car knocked him down.The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了;The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天气很好,我们就去游泳了;He being absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成;误:Barking madly,I led the dog out.正:The dog barking madly, I led it out.正:Barking madly,the dog was let out by me.正:Becuase the dog was barkling madly, I led it out.正:With the dog barking madly, I led it out.三、有些过去分词因源于系表结构,已经被形容词化;故作状语时不表被动而表主动,表示人的状态;get lost; be lost in沉溺于;be seated; be compared withbe dressed in; be born; be tired of 厌烦; be tired from be worried about表状态be interested in; be moved by; be disappointed at; be surprised at四、选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语;如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词;Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful.Looking at her, he jumped with joy. Looked at by her, he jumped with joy.五、正如第四点所说,不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语,还是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语;但是,有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来,成为单独的短语,在句子中作状语;如:1 exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking, 准确地说不过去/ 老实地说/ 坦率地说/ 一般说来;例:1. Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 准确地说,今天早晨他是十八点十四分来到这里的;2. Generally speaking, a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered. 一般说来,蛇是不会攻击人的除非你冒犯了它;2 / by... 从/ 根据某东西判断例:1. Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 从他的口音来判断,他是湖南人;2. Judging from what he said, he is very honest. 从他所说的话来判断,它是很诚实的;3 providing / provided …假如/ 如果例:1. Providing he follows our advice, we can help him. 要是他按我们的建议去做,我们就能帮助他;2. Provided he is free, he is sure to come. 如果他有空,他肯定会来;4 considering... 考虑到例:1. Considering he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him. 考虑到他还只是一个小孩,我们就没有惩罚他了;2. Considering it was late, we didn’t discuss the question. 考虑到时间不早了,我们就没有讨论这个问题了;5 ... 想到/ 考虑到例:Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly. 考虑到我们所生存的环境,废物不能直接到处乱扔;6 talking of... 谈到/ 说到例:Talking of math, he became excited. 谈到数学,他就兴奋起来了;此外,还有短语:taking...into consideration 把某事考虑进去;calculating roughly, 粗略地计算;supposing... 假定;to tell you the truth 实话告诉你;to be frank 坦白地说;to begin with 首先要做的是;so to speak 可以这么说;taken as a whole 从整体上来看;put frankly, 坦率地说;鉴于等;Ilearn过去分词:作状语练习Multiple Choices Given a lever, anyone can move the earth with it.1.____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated2.____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given3.____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offer4.____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten5.____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A. SeenB. SeeingC. Having seenD. To see6.____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To givenC. GivingD. Given7.The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined8.____ from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.A. ConsideringB. ConsiderC. To considerD. Considered9.When ____ through the book, I came across an interesting picture.A. lookB. lookingC. lookedD. being looked10.____ that film, I am afraid I cannot say anything about it.A. Not having seenB. Having seenC. Having been seenD. Not seen。
细谈过去分词作状语的用法
细谈过去分词作状语的用法过去分词作状语是非谓语动词的重点之一,也是历年高考的重要考点之一,下面这篇文章就对过去分词作状语的用法进行归纳。
一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置1. 过去分词作状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态,即动作发生时的背景或状况,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且主语是过去分词动作的承受者,即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的;过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系,即被动关系。
如:Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. 尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的,它看起来依然很漂亮。
2. 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句首;作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末;作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;作让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。
如:Given more time, he can do it better. 如果他被给予更多的时间,他就能把它做得更好。
二、与状语从句的转换1. 过去分词短语作时间状语,可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。
如:Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.→When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看,这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
2. 作条件状语,可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。
如:United we will stand; divided we will fall.→If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we will fall. 团结就是胜利;分裂必然失败。
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过去分词作状语一.过去分词作状语的基本用法:过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前,也可置于主句后,用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rai n, he was all wet因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn ' t dare受b sleep in h到夜晚响声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the mo nitor said it was his duty.当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked Ion ely and purposeless在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn ' t as serious as people gen如ally suppose果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样'严重。
Grow n in rich soil, these seeds can grow fas如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
Give n better atte nti on, the accide nt could have bee n avoided.要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。
Watered more, these cabbages could have grow n better 如果多浇点水,这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go和你相比,我们还有很大的差距。
4. 方式或伴随状语Surro un ded by his stude nts, the professor sat there cheerfully 那位教授在学生的簇拥下,兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
He stood there sile ntly, moved to tears.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。
The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。
5. 让步状语Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of non viole ntresista nee.尽管受警察的殴打,被投入监狱,甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
Defeated again, he didn ' t 1。
昴管e再次被击败,但他没有灰心。
Waitedby others for over half an hour, he didn ' t turn up尽管别人篦!了他半个多小时,他还是没有到会。
6. 独立成份(插入语)Give n good weather, our ship will reach Shan ghai on Mon day eve ninQ 假女口天气好,我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
I ' d come and see you in New York, given the chance果有机会,我就至U纽约来看你。
Gen erally speak ing, people all believe what he has sai一般说来,人们都相信他所说的。
二.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别1.逻辑关系现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于:两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。
1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
He went out, shutting the door behind h im .他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for h e l p .由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Give n more en courageme nt, the boy could have behaved better 如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励,他本来会表现得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.在遇至U困难时,我们必须设法克服。
3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示“被动关系”,其前不用being。
这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost in (陷入某种状态)、seated (坐着的)、hidden (躲着)、stationed (驻扌L)、lost/absorbed (沉溺于)、born in (出身于)、dressed in (穿着)、tired of (厌烦了)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn ' t hea因h为沉溺于思考中,所以他没有听至那个声音。
Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于这个美丽的小镇,他不愿离开它。
2.时间概念过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,或表示“一种状态”,与谓语动作同时发生或存在。
现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行;现在分词的完成式(havingdone)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个主动”动作;现在分词的完成式的被动式(havi ng been don e)常和表示次数的短语及时间段(fo叶一段时间)连用,表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个被动动作”这种情况下不能用过去分词替换,其它情况下通常被过去分词所替换,使句式更简洁。
Written in a hurry, this article was n ot so good.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。
Reading carefully, he found something he hadn ' t k他仔细读f^re.时,发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
Having fini shed his homework, he went home.完成了作业,他就回家了。
Having bee n discussed several times, the decisi on was fin ally mad 进行了几次讨论后,终于做出了决定。
注意:一般来说,不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing 分词做状语,还是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
但是,有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来,成为单独的短语,在句子中作状语。
如:(1) exactly/honestly/frankly/generallyspeaking, 准确地说不过去/ 老实地说/坦率地说/ 一般说来。
如:Exactly speaki ng, he got here at eight fourtee n this morning 准确地说,今天早晨他是十八点十四分来到这里的。
Gen erally speak ing, a sn ake won ' t attack a man uni ess it 一般thfered.来,蛇是不会攻击人的除非你冒犯了它。
(2) judging from / by...从/ 根据某东西判断Judgi ng by his acce nt, he is from Hu nar从他的口音来判断,他是湖南人。
Judgi ng from what he said, he is very hon est从他所说的话来判断,它是很诚实的。
(3) providing / provided, 假如/如果Providi ng he follows our advice, we can help him要是他按我们的建议去做,我们就能帮助他。
Provided he is free, he is sure to come如果他有空,他肯定会来。
(4) considering...考虑到Con sideri ng he was just a little boy, we did n 考虑到他还s只是一个小孩,我们就没有惩罚他了。
Considering it was late, we didn ' t discuss考虑q到estft)不早了,我们就没有讨论这个问题了。
(5) thinking of...想到/考虑到Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can ' t be thrown awaydirectly.考虑到我们所生存的环境,废物不能直接到处乱扔。
(6) talking of...谈到/说到Talk ing of math, he became excited 谈到数学,他就兴奋起来了。
此外,还有短语:taking...into consideration 把某事考虑进去;calculating roughly,粗略地计算;supposing..假定;to tell you the truth 实话告诉你;to be frank坦白地说;to beginwith首先要做的是;so to speak可以这么说;taken as a whole 从整体上来看;put frankly, 坦率地说;given that 鉴于等。