河南省郑州一中2018届高三上学期阶段测试(四)英语试卷(含答案)

18 届高三阶段测试（四）英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题：每小题2分，满分30 分）AIt’s four o’c lock on a W ednesday at a private swimming pool in the W ashington, D.C. area.T wo fathers talk about getting their kids ready for a baseball-themed birthday party that evening. Both fathers are trying to get their sons dried, dressed and ready to get in the car. When I ask one of the fathers if he is a stay-at-home dad, he quickly answers, “no.” But, then he adds that he did lose his job six weeks ago. He says he is temporarily a stay-at-home Dad.The other father, RJ Respress, has been a stay-at-home dad for the past 10 years. He has a 10-year-old son named Ben and a 7-year-old daughter named Sophie. Being a stay-at-home dad now, he says, is much different than it was 10 years ago. “… and so when I first started staying home, there weren’t a lot of dads around. It wasn’t a thing yet. And being home as a dad at that point you definitely stood out. I stood out. But now, I don’t think it makes a lot of difference, honestly. The stay-at-home dad phenomenon, if you will, I think, everyone seems to know about it. It’s not peculiar. Y ou see them all the time.”He is right. Families in the U.S. are changing. A new study finds that in the U.S. more than two million fathers are staying home to take care of the house and family. This number is twice that of 25 years ago. In 2012, 16 percent of all parents in the U.S. were stay-at-home dads.Gretchen Livingston is with the Pew Research Center. She says the number of stay-at-home dads is only going to grow.She says in the last 25 years there have been changes as far as dads taking on more care giving responsibilities and mothers taking on more bread-winner responsibilities. She adds that the number of hours a day that dads spend caring for their kids has tripled in the past decades. That is a huge change.The study finds that disability, sickness and unemployment are among the reasons that fathers stay home. But, some fathers do so simply to spend more time with their children. 21. What would be the best title for this passage? A.The peculiar phenomenon in U.S.B. The changing roles of the families in U.S.C.Fathers are the key role in families.D. Families become more important in U.S.22. From Paragraph3 we can infer that .A. there is a slight change of attitude toward a stay-at-home Dad between the past decades and nowB. the stay-at-home dad phenomenon was peculiar in the pastC. to be honest, RJ Respress does not want to be a stay-at-home dadD. there are a lot of differences between a stay-at-home Dad and a working-out Dad23. What does the underlined word “tripled ” mean in the six paragraph? A.Three times. B. T wice.C. More than.D. MultiplyBAt a few minutes past five, Dave noted that the blanket of darkness was lifting. He wasjust able to make out the heavier masses that eventually appeared as the familiar trees that lined the road at the base of the hill. The upper reaches of the sky showed lighter shades of gray.Dave got out of bed quietly and dressed quickly . He mixed a spoonful of instant chocolateinto a glass of cold water, and his impatience forced him to finish the drink in gulps.As he walked down toward the lake, Dave paused to reach for the fishing poleand gear box on the bench where he had left them the night before.By t h e t ime w h e r eher雾气）had spread over the surface of the water. He stepped into the boat, sat down, and rowed out of the weed beds that lined the edge of the shore. The outer fringe （ 边 缘 ） o f the lake disappeared as the boat moved forward noiselessly . All he could see was the enveloping whiteness. He could not tell where the boat and the surrounding air met the surface of the lake. Dave rowed steadily ahead, relying of a mental picture of the surroundings. Then the mist began to rise, slowly it soon rested inches above the still surface of the lake. The heavy silence was now being broken by the fish breaking through the surface as they leaped out of the water for low-flying insects.The magic time had arrived. Dave raised his pole. Dawn was broken. He was excited with expectancy . 24. Dave got up early in the morning to . A. enjoy the scene of the lake B. seek adventure at the lake C. go fishing in the lakeD. take a walk by the lake25. According to the story, which of the following is TRUE? A.Dave broke the quietness of the lake.B. Dave was familiar with the surroundings.C.Dave took a picture of the lake with him.D. Dave forgot the fishing pole at the beginning.26. What can we learn from the end of the story? A.Dave was hopeful of catching a lot of fish.B. Dave wished the weather would be better.C. Dave was happy that dawn was broken.D. Dave expected someone else would come.CSome children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Y ear One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star W ars light sabers（剑）. Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using thebeat-up one s.”“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not beparticularly bossy can gradually gain dominance（支配地位）when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands at the young isn’t healthy for children or the family, Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John T aylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakne ss” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parent s’role to provide that protection.When a “boss chil d” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.“I see more and more parents giving up their power,”says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxi ous.”27. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson . A.make good decisionsB. show self-centerednessC. lack care from othersD. have little sense of fear28. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in Paragraph 2 means . A.inborn natureB. developed characterC. accepted theoryD. particular environment29. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents . A.should give more power to their childrenB. should be strict with their childrenC. should not be so anxious about their childrenD. should not set limits for their children30. Bossy children may probably become . A.relaxed B. skillfulC. hesitantD. lonely31. What is the passage mainly about?A. How bossy behavior can be controlled.B. How we can get along with bossy children.C.What leads to children’s bossy behavior.D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.DIn meditation, people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath. As they breathe in and out, they attend to their feelings. As thoughts go through their minds, they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let goAccording to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a marketchange in how the brain all o cate s( 分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people atcatching such fast-changing stimuli(刺激), like facial expressions.The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice, everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain. It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience inthe experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day. A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period. Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers, their brain activity was recorded.Everyone could catch the first number. But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number. Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number, as if letting it go, which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number. This shows that attention can change with practice.Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study. “I am a much better listener,” he said. “I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are sayi ng.”32. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to .A. feelingsB. mindsC. peopleD. thoughts33. Meditations manage their daily tasks better because t h e y A.are given less pressure.B. allocate their attention better.C.have more stimuli for life.D. practice them more frequently.34. In the experiment, volunteers doing meditation for longer hours A.were more likely to catch both of the members .B. were used to memorizing numbers in groups.C.usually ignored the first number observed.D. paid more attention to numbers than to letters.35. T h e s t udy prov e s t h atA. meditation improves one’s health.B.brain activity can be recorded.C. human attention can be trained.D. mediators have a good sense of hearing.第二节（共5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。