英语专业四级语法(二)PPT教学课件
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► 4. 1)it is + 第三点中动词的过去分词/名词 + that-clause (should) do 2)important, necessary, essential, obligatory, anxious, crucial, improper, impossible, natural, urgent, vital, willing。
与现源自文库事实相反 一般过去时(be用were)
Would/should/could/might+ 动 词原形
与将来事实相反 过去时/ were to /should + Would/should/could/might+ 动
动词原形
词原形
2020/12/12
3
二、虚拟语气的特殊应用:
1. would rather + that,谓语动词用一般过去时。 I would rather you told her the truth. I’d rather you came tomorrow.
英语专业四级 语法词汇讲座(二)
2020/12/12
1
基本语法点
►虚拟语气 ►比较级 ►There be 的非限定形式 ►附加疑问句 ►独立主格 ►倒装 ►时态—完成时态 ►主谓一致
2020/12/12
2
虚拟语气
► 一、虚拟语气的规则用法:三种基本形式
从句
主句
与过去事实相反 Had +过去分词
Should (第一人称)/ would(其它 人称) +have +过去分词
2. If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve
Note: only if “只有”;if only “如果……就好了”。If
从句动作与主句动作 同时发生
将来不大可能实现的 愿望
真实状 况 过去时
现在时
将来时
wish后
过去完成时(had + 过去 分词) 过去时(be的过去式为 were) would/could + 动词原形
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want)
2020/12/12
10
题例:
► 1. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _A__ now. A wouldn't be smiling B couldn't have smiled
2020/12/12
6
► 5. it is (high/about) time 是...的时候了。 谓语用一般过去时或 should+do,但should不可省略。
► 6. should + 动词原形中should不能省略。 这里should表示一种语气,经常被翻译成“竟然”。 a. 四个动词:think, believe, expect, suspect. 否定或者疑问形式后面加句子,句子谓语动词用: should + do,should不能省略。 I don't believe that he should be cheated. 我不相信他也 会被骗。 b. it is a pity, it is a shame ,it is strange that
2. if only 如果,要是...就好了,if only + that,用虚 拟语气。
(见真题2006:52题)
a. 表示与现在或将来事实相反,谓语动词用一般过 去时或would do。 b. 表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。
2020/12/12
4
1. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _B_ your advice. A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed
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8
►8. It is a shame that he __B__ that poor little girl! A deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving
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9
► 9. I wish + that
从句动作先于主句动 词动作
2020/12/12
7
含蓄条件句 (真题解析2007:53题)
► 7. or, otherwise, unless, but for,without, in the absence of, under…condition, given, provided, were it not for 体现虚拟语气的形式是固定的:先 要判断是表示与现在、过去、还是将来事实相反, 然后依照相应的虚拟语气规则用法的形式来确定句 子结构。
► The storm delayed us. But for the storm we would have been in time.
► Supposing I accepted this offer, what would you say?
► lest, for fear that, on condition that后面句子的谓 语动词的形式都是:(should)+ 动词原形。
only也可用于陈述语气。
E.g. I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟
响了,我才会醒。
If only he comes early.
但愿他早点回来。
2020/12/12
5
► 3. 当以下动词后加句子时,句子应用虚拟语气,句子谓语 动词的形式是:(should)+ 动词原形。 a. 表示建议、提议的:suggest, advise, propose, recommend, move. [move只有在表达在会议上提出提议时后面加虚拟语气] b. 表示要求的:ask, demand, require, request, desire. c. 表示指挥、命令的:order, command, direct. d. 表示坚持,坚持认为的:insist.
与现源自文库事实相反 一般过去时(be用were)
Would/should/could/might+ 动 词原形
与将来事实相反 过去时/ were to /should + Would/should/could/might+ 动
动词原形
词原形
2020/12/12
3
二、虚拟语气的特殊应用:
1. would rather + that,谓语动词用一般过去时。 I would rather you told her the truth. I’d rather you came tomorrow.
英语专业四级 语法词汇讲座(二)
2020/12/12
1
基本语法点
►虚拟语气 ►比较级 ►There be 的非限定形式 ►附加疑问句 ►独立主格 ►倒装 ►时态—完成时态 ►主谓一致
2020/12/12
2
虚拟语气
► 一、虚拟语气的规则用法:三种基本形式
从句
主句
与过去事实相反 Had +过去分词
Should (第一人称)/ would(其它 人称) +have +过去分词
2. If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve
Note: only if “只有”;if only “如果……就好了”。If
从句动作与主句动作 同时发生
将来不大可能实现的 愿望
真实状 况 过去时
现在时
将来时
wish后
过去完成时(had + 过去 分词) 过去时(be的过去式为 were) would/could + 动词原形
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want)
2020/12/12
10
题例:
► 1. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _A__ now. A wouldn't be smiling B couldn't have smiled
2020/12/12
6
► 5. it is (high/about) time 是...的时候了。 谓语用一般过去时或 should+do,但should不可省略。
► 6. should + 动词原形中should不能省略。 这里should表示一种语气,经常被翻译成“竟然”。 a. 四个动词:think, believe, expect, suspect. 否定或者疑问形式后面加句子,句子谓语动词用: should + do,should不能省略。 I don't believe that he should be cheated. 我不相信他也 会被骗。 b. it is a pity, it is a shame ,it is strange that
2. if only 如果,要是...就好了,if only + that,用虚 拟语气。
(见真题2006:52题)
a. 表示与现在或将来事实相反,谓语动词用一般过 去时或would do。 b. 表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。
2020/12/12
4
1. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _B_ your advice. A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed
2020/12/12
8
►8. It is a shame that he __B__ that poor little girl! A deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving
2020/12/12
9
► 9. I wish + that
从句动作先于主句动 词动作
2020/12/12
7
含蓄条件句 (真题解析2007:53题)
► 7. or, otherwise, unless, but for,without, in the absence of, under…condition, given, provided, were it not for 体现虚拟语气的形式是固定的:先 要判断是表示与现在、过去、还是将来事实相反, 然后依照相应的虚拟语气规则用法的形式来确定句 子结构。
► The storm delayed us. But for the storm we would have been in time.
► Supposing I accepted this offer, what would you say?
► lest, for fear that, on condition that后面句子的谓 语动词的形式都是:(should)+ 动词原形。
only也可用于陈述语气。
E.g. I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟
响了,我才会醒。
If only he comes early.
但愿他早点回来。
2020/12/12
5
► 3. 当以下动词后加句子时,句子应用虚拟语气,句子谓语 动词的形式是:(should)+ 动词原形。 a. 表示建议、提议的:suggest, advise, propose, recommend, move. [move只有在表达在会议上提出提议时后面加虚拟语气] b. 表示要求的:ask, demand, require, request, desire. c. 表示指挥、命令的:order, command, direct. d. 表示坚持,坚持认为的:insist.