高考一轮复习 非谓语专题讲义

高中英语教师辅导教案

课次编号：年级：课时数：3 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课时间：

非谓语的句法功能

学习目标

非谓语的形式

教学内容

非谓语知识梳理

时态：若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则用一般式。

语态：当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系，用主动式；是被动关系，用被动式

否定式：在非谓语动词前+ not

结构特征

1.主语：

不定式：It’s + adj + to do

动名词：It’s no use/useless/ no good/worthwhile doing sth

句首ing

Seeing is believing./To see is to belive

不定式：V + to do

动名词：V + doing

3.表语

不定式：...is to do...

动名词：...is doing

分词：...is -ved 感到...的；...的

...is -ving 令人感到...的；令人...的

4.定语

不定式：n to do

动名词：swimming pool/waiting room

分词：

位置特征：在N 的前或后边

前置：单个分词/形容词

后置：分词短语/从句/复合不定代词

5.状语

伴随状语= 并列句

其他状语=状语从句

(1)V sb to do sth.

(2)看/听/感觉

(3)使役动词：have /make/let / get

难点易错点：非谓语的时态语态

非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前

__________________many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises.

They appeared ______________ (misunderstand)me, so I had to explain to them.

___________________ (ask)to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.

表示将来，且为被动

She is busy preparing for the exams __________ (hold) next month.

He said he was _________ (send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday.

There were many talented actors out there just waiting _______(discovered).

表示正在进行中，且为被动

The problem____________ (discuss) in the meeting room now. Let’s just wait for the result.

易错要点总结：

（一）被动形式表主动意义

某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化, 且常用于系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示状态，作状语不表示被动关系，前面不能加being。

高频考点：

be seated＝sit，be located＝lie，be dressed in＝wear，be left＝remain，be devoted to＝devote oneself to be faced with ... ,be equipped with ...,be lost in ...,be absorbed in...,be tired of...

Absorbed/lost in his book,he didn’t notice me enter the room.

[题组训练]

Do you know the girl_________________(seat) under the tree?

There are many problems________________(remain) to be solved.

There are many problems ________________(leave) unsolved.

_________(devote) to science，he will be remembered forever.

________(devote) all his life to science，he will be remembered forever.

Though (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.

The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ (seat)as the plane was making a landing.

（二）非谓语中主动表被动

1. 在作表语和补语的形容词后作状语，用不定式的主动形式表被动含义。如：

This text is easy to learn. 这篇课文很容易学。

I find this text easy to learn.我觉得这篇课文很容易学。

结构：主语+系动词+adj+to do”的结构中，此结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义

easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished, delighted,disappointed等，表示主语特征、性质或说明产生这种情感的原因。