阅读理解之推断题解题技巧

【例1】 We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ___. A. keep rewards better in their memory B. recall consequences more effortlessly C. make risky decisions more frequently D. learn a subject more effectively 通过第一段有关信息可知，压力会让人 们focus on pleasure并ignore the possible negative consequences of a decision，再看四个选项，与pleasure相 关的只有A选项中的rewards，故可推断 A为正确选项。
社名称。 (2) 广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认。 (3) 产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会 有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用 说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等。 (4) 网站：文中会出现click (点击)、 online (在线)、web (网络)、website (网 址) 等字眼。 (5) 展览手册：提供有关展会的各方面信 息。
B. 推断文章的出处和来源
这类试题要求考生推断所选文段的出处。 The passage is most likely to be found in ____. The passage is most likely to be taken from ____. The passage is most likely a part of ____. Where can we most probably read this text/passage? Where would this passage most probably appear?
Exemplifying in Skills
D. 推断文段的作用 The first/last paragraph serves as a(n) ______.
【例6】 The first paragraph serves as a(n) _____. A. explanation B. introduction C. comment D. background 文章首段先以一句话概括了全文大意， 即英国下月即将针对外国司机实施一项 新的法规， 其后的段落都是围绕这一大 意展开的， 故首段作用应为引入话题， 故本题选B。
【例2】
The author’s father wrote notes in pen____.
A. to both his family and his staff B. to his family in small letters C. to his family on the fridge D. to his staff on the desk
作者小时候光顾父亲的办公室时， 看见父亲 用钢笔写给员工的字条，它们和父亲写给家 里的字条字迹一样 (I was pleased to recognize... the same handwriting I would see at home...)，可见作者的父亲用钢笔既 给家里写字条也给员工写字条。B项偷换概 念，错在small letters上。 C、D项以偏概全， 都仅是A项的一部分内容。
“推理判断题”的类型
1. 推断隐含意义或深层意义
2. 推断文章的出处和来源
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3. 推断文章的作者或目标读者
4. 推断文段的作用
A. 推断隐含意义或深层意义 这类试题要求考生根据文章的内容推断 作者没有提到的或可能发生的事情。题 干通常含有infer, imply, conclude等词。 It can be inferred from the passage that ___. From the text we learn that ___. The story implies that ___. It may be concluded from the passage that ___. According to the passage, we can conclude that ___. We draw a conclusion for the passage is
推断隐含意义或深层意义要求做到：
(1) 吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕 捉有用的提示和线索。 (2) 全面分析所有相关信息，切忌 片面思考， 断章取义， 以偏概全 。 __________ _________________ (3) 判断有据，推论有理。要忠实于原文 以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，切忌 用自己的观点代替作者的本意 __________ _______________。 (4) 要体会文章的整体感情色彩，揣摩作 者的态度，悟出作者的 “弦外之音”， 选取文中的原句 不可直接 _______________作为答案。
C. 推断文章的作者或目标读者 这类题要求考生根据文章内容推测目标 读者。 Who is the author? The passage is probably written by _____. The passage is written mainly for _____. Who is the passage written for? Who are the intended readers of the passage?
【例5】 Who are the intended readers of the passage？ A. Parents. B. Adolescents. C. Educators. D. People in general. 由第四句中we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes，and that our Grandmas think we’re...等可知，本文应当是写给青 少年阅读的。
【例4】 Who is the author？ A. A cameraman. B. A film director. C. A crowd-scene actor. D. A workman for scene setting. 根据开头提到的receive invitation to a film-studio to take part in a crowdscene和our “act” would last...可知，作 者其实是一名群众演员。
【例3】 Where does this text probably come from？ A. A science textbook. B. A tourist map. C. A museum guide. D. A news report. 浏览全文，可首先排除A、D选项，再 根据四个展区art museum, history museum, Youtheater,hand-on science 所讲到的信息可知，本文最可能来自博 物馆指南。