ving的用法

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动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。 A.介词+动名词,如: 谢谢你帮我们做了这件事。 Thank you for doing this job for us. 我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。 I apologize for being so angry with you.
B.动词+介词+动名词,如:
被动形式
一般 式 完成 式
doing having done
being done
having been done
动名词的被动式
• He hates being interrupted. • 他不愿意被人打断。 • I’m not used to being treated like this. • 我不习惯受这种款待。 • I appreciate being given this opportunity. • 我很感谢给了我这个机会。
exercises
• 1.(2008江苏卷)--- They are quiet, aren’t they? • --- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals. • A. to talk • B. to not talk • C. to talking • D. to not talking
③在there be结构中作主语,这种结构的意 思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”如: 若要人不知,除非己莫为。 There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 无法知道他什么时候离开 There was no knowing when he would leave.
非谓语动词
• • • • • 非谓语动词包括 to do ; v-ing; v-ed V-ing可以做主语,宾语,表语, 定语,宾补,状语
• Seeing is believing. • I like playing basketball. • Don’t leave me waiting outside in the rain
A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之 后,用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不 同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表 示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的或 一次性动作。试比较: I like skating. 我喜欢溜冰。(指爱好) Would you loke to skate today? 你今天想去溜冰吗?(特指这一回)
• 2.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine. • A. repair B. to have repaired • C. repairing D. fixing
• 3. He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold. • A. to swim; to swim • B. swimming; swimming • C. to swim; swimming • D. swimming; to swim
她坚持马上就写。 She insisted on writing at once. 她着手写她的报告。 She set about writing her report.
C. be+adj+prep+动名词 她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。 She was very iwk.baidu.comterested in working for our company. 她喜欢讲法语。 She is fond of speaking French.
• B.在begin/start,continue之后, 用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别, 尤其是当主语是人的时候。 • It has started raining(to rain). • 开始下雨了。 • He intended coming(to come)back soon. • 他打算不久就回来。
动名词做宾语注意:
• I hate your gong away. • 我不愿意你走掉。 • Would you mind my(me) smoking here? • 你介意我在这里吸烟吗?
形容词性物主代词
• They’re looking forward to Mary’s coming. • 他们都盼着玛丽来。
注意:
• There is no need to do sth 干...... 没必要,在此句式中to do 不可换 为doing • 没有必要告诉她。 • There is no need to tell her.
2、用作宾语
位置:vt之后或者prep之后 • 动名词作宾语有两种情况。 • (1)是有些动词只能后接动名词 作宾语; • (2)是有些动词既可后接动名词 也可后接不定式作宾语。
C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后, 用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示 动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语 动作,如:
比较下列三组句子
• 我记得我已把信寄了。 • I remember posting the letter. • 我会记着去寄信的。 • I’ll remember to post the letter.
• 4)Your coming to help is a great encouragement to me. • 你们来帮忙对我是很大的鼓舞。 • 5)My sister's being ill made us worried
小提示
• 当动名词用作主语时,其逻
辑主语由形容词性物主代词 和名词所有格构成。
②用形式主语it,把真正的主语—— 动名词结构移置句尾,作表语的只能 是某些形容词或少数名词,如useful, useless,good,fun;no use,a waste of time,worthwhile,nice 等。如:
再次见到你太好了。 It’s nice seeing you again.. 覆水难收 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 吸烟不好。 It’s no good smoking. 和她争论没用。 It’s no use arguing with her.
动名词的完成式
• • • • • He denied having been there. 他不承认到过那里。 She admits having seen us. 她承认见到了我们。 The safe showed no sign of having been touched. • 保险柜没有被人动过的痕迹。
①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy, keep,finish,suggest,escape, cannot help,imagine,mind, practise,cannot stand,admit excuse,fancy(喜欢),give up, put off,risk等。
F.stop doing与stop to do
stop doing停止做, stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一 件事。(to do是状语)如: • 我们停止了交谈。 • We stopped talking. • 我们停了下来去谈话。 • We stopped to talk.
动名词作介词宾语
• a book explaining how to cut the death rate • Following jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are going to visit them in the forest.
一、动名词的形式
主动形式
• 4. There is ______ what the weather will be like. • A. not knowing B. no knowing • C. not know D. no known
• 我们不知道要去哪儿。 • There was no knowing where we would go. • 做这件傻事毫无意义。 • There is no point doing such a silly thing.
动名词与不定式做主语时的比较:
动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指 的动作 不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如:
D在try,mean之后意义各不相同, try to do (设法), try doing (试试), mean to do (打算,有意要做) mean doing (意思是,意味着)。如:
我并不想叫你生气。 • I didn’t mean to make you angry. • 帮助他人意味着帮助自己 • To help otehrs measns helping yourself.
• • • •
一直不做就是作恶。 Doing nothing is doing ill. 我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。 It’s an honor for me to be invited to the party.
动名词做主语注意事项:
• • • •
常用-ing形式作主语的句型有: It +be +a waste of time doing 做......是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做......是没用处的
• • • • • •
It is/was worthwhile doing 做......是值得的 There is no doing 无法...... 不允许...... There is/was no point doing 干......无意义
• • • • • •
There is no sense in doing 做......没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干......无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比......更糟的
1.作主语
动名词作主语时,句子有两种形式: ①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置 上。
作主语
1)吸烟会致癌。 Smoking may cause cancer. 2)说比做容易。 Talking is easier than doing. 3)眼见为实 • Seeing is believing.
作主语
E· on doing 和go on to do go
• • • • • • go on doing继续做一直在做的事; go on to do接着做另一件事。如: 请接着做这同一个练习。 Please go on doing the same exercise. 请做另外一个练习。 Please go on to do the other exercise.
例句
• • • • 1. Avoid over-eating. 2.He admitted taking the money. 3.I can’t help laughing. 4.I finished reading the book last night.
②既可接动名词又可接不定式作 宾语的动词,常见的有:begin, start,continue,intend,like, love,prefer,mean,forget, regret, remember,hate ,go on,stop 等。
• 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作 家。 • I shall never forget seeing the famous writer. • 不要忘了给你母亲写信。 • Don’t forget to write to your mother.
• 我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。 • I regret missing the report. • 我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建 议。 • I regret to say I can’t take your advice.
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