唐代歌舞

唐代歌舞

Song and Dance During the Tang Dynasty

（标题）唐代歌舞

Song and Dance During the T ang Dynasty

（正文）

大量的文献记载和出土文物表明，唐代是中国歌舞最为发达和盛行的时期，尤以李隆基时代最为繁荣。就在华清池内，李隆基亲自创办了“梨园”，与杨贵妃一起教习歌舞、谱曲填词、击鼓弹唱，盛行一时。因此，李隆基被后人奉为梨园鼻祖，也就在情理之中。

Numerous documentary records and unearthed relics shows that the Tang Dynasty is a time when song and dance was at the highest level and the most popular, especially during Li Longji (Emperor Xuanzong) era. Li founded the Pear Garden in person. Together with Yang Yuhuan or Imperial Consort Yang, he taught song and dance, wrote music and lyrics, beat a drum and sing a song. So it is reasonable to regard Li as the founder of the Pear Garden.

大型实景历史舞剧《长恨歌》用舞剧的形式表现李杨爱情故事，基本按照唐代歌舞的形式抒写故事，表达情感，展现人物内心世界，推进戏剧冲突。人们不仅感受了李杨爱情的动人心魄，同时可以全面领略唐代歌舞的旖旎风采。尤其是以《霓裳羽衣舞》、《胡腾舞》、《胡旋舞》、《翘袖舞》等为代表，云肩广袖，楚楚动人，婀娜多姿，风情万种，澎湃激越，撩人心扉，看得人如醉如痴，流连忘返。

The large-scale real-scene historical dance drama Changhenge or the Song of Everlasting Regret tells the love story of Li Longji and Yang Yuhuan in the form

of Tang Dynasty’song and dance, revealing their inner world and dramatic conflicts. Thorough this dance drama people can not only experience the moving story of Li and Yang, but also fully enjoy the charm of Tang Dynasty’s song and dance, which is represented by Dance Seduction, Huteng Dance , Sogdian Whirling Dance and Sleeve Dance. The elegant costumes and graceful dances are intoxicating and fascinating.

（弹出页）——梨园

——The Pear Garden

梨园，原是唐代都城长安的一个地名，因唐玄宗（唐明皇）李隆基在此地教演艺人，后来就与戏曲艺术联系在一起，成为艺术组织和艺人的代名词。

The Pear Garden or Liyuan used to be a place name in Chang’an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Because the 8th-century Chinese Emperor Xuanzong (also named Ming Huang) trained the artists here, it was later associated with Chinese opera and became a synonym of artistic organizations and artists.

梨园的主要职责是训练乐器演奏人员，与专司礼乐的太常寺和充任串演歌舞散乐的内外教坊鼎足而三。后世遂将戏曲界习称为梨园界或梨园行，戏曲演员称为梨园弟子。

The Pear Garden specialize in training instrumentalists, together with the T aichang Temple specializing in rites and music ,the Musical House specializing in song and dance, are three important musical institutions at that time. Later theatrical circles were called Pear Garden circles and drama actors Pear Garden pupils.

李龟年，唐时乐工，善歌，也长于作曲。和李彭年、李鹤年兄弟创作的《渭川曲》受到唐玄

宗的特别赏识。李龟年作为梨园弟子，多年受到唐玄宗的恩宠，与玄宗的感情非常人能及，唱了王维的一首《伊川歌》：“清风明月苦相思，荡子从戎十载余。征人去日殷勤嘱，归雁来时数附书。”表达了希望唐玄宗南幸的心愿。

Li Guinian, a musician in the Tang Dynasty, was good at singing and composing. He wrote Weichuan Music , with his brothers Li Pengnian and Li Henian, which was highly appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong. Li, as a pear garden pupil, had been favored by him for many years and had a close emotional tie with him. Yichuan Song, sung by Li, expressed Emperor Xuanzong’s wish to travel south.

（弹出页）——《霓裳羽衣舞》

Dance Seduction

《霓裳羽衣舞》是唐朝大曲中的法曲精品，唐歌舞的集大成之作。直到现在，它仍无愧于音乐舞蹈史上的一颗璀璨的明珠。唐玄宗作曲，安史之乱后失传。在南唐时期，李煜和大周后将其大部分补齐，但是金陵城破时，被李煜下令烧毁了。到了南宋年间，姜夔发现商调霓裳曲的乐谱十八段。这些片断还保存在他的《白石道人歌曲》里。

Dance Seduction epitomizes the Tang Dynasty’s song and dance. Until now it is still a bright pearl in the history of music and dance. It was written by Emperor Xuanzong, but lost after the An–Shi Rebellion. Li Yu, the third ruler of the Southern Tang state, and Queen Zhou the Elder supplemented most parts of it. When Jinling, the capital city, was conquered, Li Yu ordered to burn the score of Dance Seduction. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiang Kui, a famous Chinese poet and composer, found eighteen parts of the score, which were still preserved in his Taoist Baishi Verses.