语法填空之形容词和副词

语法填空之形容词和副词

学习目标：1. 分清形容(adj)和副词(adv)，包括它们的形式和各自的作用

2. 能在语境中正确选择用形容词还是副词，并写对形式

3. 注意形容词和副词的一些特殊情况

4. 要分清不同的“级”，并能在语境中正确使用不同的“级”（原

级、比较级、最高级）

学习方法：1. 自主学习（理解并熟记形容词和副词各自的作用和正确形式） 2. 通过练习加深对自主学习内容的理解和记忆，并不断思考总结

以验证自主学习内容的规律，以便达到更好的灵活使用形容词

和副词的目的

学习过程：

Step1自主学习（理解熟记，不懂的立即问）

1)形容词的作用：修饰名词作定语,如：a beautiful girl；系动词后作

表语，如：What you said just now is exciting.作动词的宾

补,如：Green vegetables keep you healthy.

2) 副词的作用：修饰形容词、动词、副词、介词短语及句子，作状语，如：

extremely terrible(adj), work(v) hard, get up very

late(adv), deep into the night(介词短语),

Fortunately, he passed the exam.

后缀例词

-able accept—acceptable suit--suitable

comfort—comfortable reason--reasonable

-ible access—accessible horror—horrible terror--terrible

-ful -less forget—forgetful harm—harmful hopeless hope—hopeful peace—peaceful helpless

-ed excite—excited frighten--frightened

-ing excite—exciting frighten--frightening

-al music—musical origin—original

person—personal center—central nature--natural -ive act—active effect—effective impress--impressive

-ous anxiety—anxious curiosity—curious humor--humorous

-t confidence—confident patience--patient

-y taste—tasty health—healthy sun--sunny

-ish fool—foolish child—childish self--selfish

-ern south—southern east--eastern

4)形容词变副词的后缀：

直接加ly slow--slowly

改y为i后加ly happy--happily

去e加ly true—truly

注意：一些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly, lively, lovely, likely, deadly, silly, orderly, timely 等，需特殊记忆。 5）特殊情况：1. ill, content, afraid, asleep, awake, alive, alone, worth 等形容词只放在系动词后作表语。如：I’m alone now.

2. 有些词有固定的副词修饰，如：all alone, sound/fast

asleep, wide awake, well worth, like/enjoy much,

well/clearly remember等，也需特殊记忆。

3.有些副词有两种形式，如：close(adj and adv) /closely，

free/freely, high/highly, deep/deeply等，请看例句区别： They are deeply moved. （抽象）

They dived deep in the sea. （具体）

特别注意这两个词：hard (adv)：辛苦地，努力地；

hardly (adv)几乎不

6）形容词及副词的“级”

1. 熟悉特殊形式的比较级和最高级，如：good/well, better, best

2. 熟悉常见的比较结构，如：as …as；比较级+ than； the +比较级，

the + 比较级；the +比较级+ of the +名词等

3. 注意特殊的词，如：senior (to), junior (to), superior (to)等本

身含有比较意义，无比较级、最高级形式。

Step 2 Exercises (Practice makes perfect!)

Ⅰ用所给词的适当形式填空

1.The river was so polluted that it _________(actual) caught fire

and burned.

2.

4.Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree

branches, naturally and _______ (soft).

5.Just be ______________ (patience).

6.Although parents should take _________ (well) care of their

young children, they don’t ______________ (necessary) do anything for them.

7.---Do you like Mary’s new hairstyle?

---Perfect! How much ________ (good) she looks with the curly short hair!

8.--- Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?

--- Not at all. I can’t have a ________ (bad) one.

9.--- Lily did succeed at last!

--- Yeah, indeed, but she was _______________ (luck) than successful, I think.

10.That would be a very _________ (reason) thing to do in a big city,

but it could destroy a small village like this.

11.Mary felt __________ (please), because there were many empty

seats in the room.

12. The teachers are very enthusiastic and __________ (friend) and

the classrooms are _____________ (amaze).

Ⅱ单句改错 (只有一处错误)

1.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.

2.We don’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more

time for after-school activities.

3.The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our

teachers but also our friends.

4. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.

5.I’m always caution about what I say because some careless

remarks are likely to hurt other’s feelings.

6.Doing physical exercise is an effect way to get rid of anger.