高中英语一轮复习语法第5讲:连词

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高中英语一轮复习语法连词(Conjunctions)

重点用法①常用的并列连词

用法:1.并列连词用来连接平行对等、互不从属的词、短语或分句,可表示并列、转折、选择或因果等关系。常见的并列连词的用法如下:

2.and意为“和,并且”,用于连接对等关系的词、词组或分句;常用于句型“祈使句+逗号+and...”。

Tom and I went to the bookstore yesterday. and连接两个并列的词

我和汤姆昨天去了书店。

He stood up and put on his hat. and连接两个动作

他站起来,戴上了帽子。

Fishing is his hobby,and collecting coins also gives him great pleasure. and连接两个分句

他爱好钓鱼,收集硬币也令他感到快乐。

Try again,and you’ll succeed. 在祈使句中,and前面的部分用来表示条件

再试一下,你就会成功的。

3.or和or else表示选择关系。表示两者之间选择其一,意为“或者”;用于祈使句时,意为“否则,不然”。

Tom or I am right.或者汤姆,或者我是对的。

Hurry up,or else you’ll miss the last bus.快点儿,不然你就会错过最后一班车。

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第 1 页共 5 页

Put on your overcoat,or you will catch cold.穿上衣服,要不然你会着凉的。

4.but意为“但是,可是,而是”,连接两种并列成分,表示转折关系,不能和although连用。

It was a sunny but not very warm day.那一天天气晴朗,但却不太暖和。

5.so意为“所以,于是,也,同样”,表示结果,连接句子。

It was too dark,so I couldn’t see anything.天太黑了,我什么也看不见。

6.for意为“因为”,表示原因,连接句子。

I soon went to sleep,for I was tired.我很快就入睡了,因为我太累了。

7.both...and意为“和,既……也……”,由它构成的词组作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。Both Lucy and Mary are ten.露西和玛丽都10岁了。

Both he and his brothers are good at dancing.他和他的兄弟们都擅长跳舞。

8.either...or意为“或……或……;不是……就是……”,由它构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词随or后面的词而定(就近原则)。

The shoes were either too big or too small.鞋子要么太大,要么太小。

Either you or he is right.不是你,就是他是对的。

9.neither...or意为“既不……也不……”,由它构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词随nor后面的词而定(就近原则)。

It is neither hot in summer,nor cold in winter.夏天不热,冬天不冷。

Neither he nor I speak a foreign language.他和我都不会说外语。

10.not only...but also意为“不但……而且……”,由它构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词随but also后面的词而定(就近原则)。

Jane is not only beautiful but also kind.简不但漂亮,而且人也非常好。

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Not only the students but also the teachers was against the plan.

不但学生,而且老师也反对这个计划。

11.as well as...意为“又,不但……而且……”,由它构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词随其前面的词而定。

Mr.Lin as well as his parents joins in the party.不但林先生的父母,而且林先生也参加宴会。提示:在口语中,and常用在come,go,run,stay,try等之后表示目的,and在此相当于不定式符号to。

Go and ask him.去问问他。

Try and finish the work in a month.设法在一个月内完成这项工作。

重点用法②常用的从属连词

用法:1.that无词义,用于引导名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)和定语从句。

I think that she is tired.我想他累了。

The trouble is that I’ve lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。

2.when,while和as意为“当……时”,用于引导时间状语从句,都可表示从句和主句的动作同时发生,when也可表示先后发生。

While I read,she sang.我在看书时,她在唱歌。

When/While/As he was doing his homework,I came in.

当他写作业时我走了过来。

There were chairs left over when everyone had sat down.

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当大家就座后还剩下几把椅子。

3.since意为“自从……以来”,引导时间状语从句。从句用一般过去时,主句多用一般现在时或现在完成时。

Many things have happened since I last saw him.从我上次见到他以来发生了很多事。

How long is it since we last went to the theatre?我们多久没去看戏了?

4.as soon as意为“刚一……就”,引导时间状语从句。从句用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或状态。

As soon as I get the present,I’ll tell you.我一收到礼物就告诉你。

I’ll tell Ann the good news as soon as she comes back.安一回来,我就告诉她这个好消息。

5.before意为“在……之前”,after意为“在……之后”,都可引导时间状语从句。

Did she leave a message before she went?她走之前留言了吗?

I found her bag after she had left.她走了以后,我发现了她的包。

6.till和until意为“直到……时”,可引导时间状语从句。一般认为till不如until正式,在书面语中不常用。句首通常用until。

Can you wait till/until I come back?你能等到我回来吗?

He did n’t finish his homework until his mother came back. finish是点动词,故用否定句。

直到他妈妈回来,他才完成作业。

7.because意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。常用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句,不能和so 连用。

I did it because my mother told me to.妈妈吩咐我去做这件事,我才做的。

-Why are you late?你为什么迟到?

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