New英语复合句翻译

The translation of the antient Chinese architectural style摘要：关于建筑的文本中，其中存在大量结构复杂的复合句。

因此，复合句的恰当翻译对保证该著作的翻译质量至关重要。

本论文以中国古代建筑结构为例，通过对比英汉句子在造句策略、句子结构以及重心位置方面的差异，分析了英语复合句中在转换成汉语时所面临的各种困难，提出了相应的翻译策略和翻译技巧，并且以具体的翻译例句验证了这些策略的有效性。

从文化翻译理论的视角,本文探讨了我国古代建筑文化中复合句的翻译技巧，主要包括顺序法、分割法、断句法、分流法和逆序法。

文章的研究对于英文复合句的翻译具有重要的意义。

关键词：古典建筑；复合句；翻译技巧Abstract：In the text of architecture, there are many complex sentences. Therefore, the proper translation of complex sentences is very important to guarantee the quality of translation. In this paper, the author takes the Chinese ancient architecture as an example to compare the differences between English and Chinese sentences in terms of sentence structure, sentence structure and the position of the center of gravity. It analyzes the difficulties in English complex sentence into Chinese when facing, and it puts forward corresponding translation strategies and translation skills, and it uses specific translation examples to verify the effectiveness of these strategies. From the perspective of cultural translation theory, this paper discusses the translation of complex sentences of ancient Chinese architectural culture, including the sequential method, segmentation method, segmentation method, distribution method and reverse order method. The study of the thesis is of great significance to the translation of English complex sentences.Key words: classical architecture; complex sentence; translation skillsCatalog1 Instruction (1)2 The basic language features of 2 compound sentences (1)2.1 sentence composition complex (1)2.2 word order is very different from Chinese (2)2.3 sentence making is mainly use the hypotaxis method (2)3 current problems in the translation of English complex sentences (2)4 the translation of Chinese architectural culture (4)4.1 Sequential translation (4)4.2 Reverse translation (4)4.3 Segmentation method (4)4.4 Shunt method (5)4.5 Reverse translation (5)5. Conclusion (6)Reference documentation (7)1 InstructionThere are great differences between the two languages, Chinese and English. There are one or more independent clause or some components of the subordinate clause in English complex sentence. Time and logical sequence is not exactly the same between the main clause and subordinate clause in complex sentences of Chinese and English. So their positions are not exactly the same. English has SVO structure; That is, the time of each component is closely linked through grammar. "The seven sentence patterns of English are derived and extended by the SV stable structure. Chinese has TC structure; that's the topic and the model. This is very different from the sentence structure of English. To grasp this is the premise of translation.The treatment of Noun Clauses is translation in regular sequence and the division in the translation. At the same time, the sentence level should be adjusted according to the logic of the sentence. Before translating noun clauses, we must first classify the meaning groups. This can accurately determine the sentence is composed of what information and then be processed into Chinese sentences based on the information. Here is more commonly used translation in regular sequence and the division in the translation. If close to English and Chinese word order, we can directly use ordinal translation. This can not only ensure the transmission of the original information, and it is also more convenient to do. If the English sentence structure and Chinese differences too large, at the same time the components are closely connected; Use the division in the translation here. We will be connected to the information in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese that are split into several sentences. So that readers can easily understand, but also it is in line with the characteristics of Chinese language. At the same time, we should find out the logic of the sentence. Because the characteristics of the paper are logical, the translation should be logical. The implicit logic of sentences must be expressed in Translation to ensure that the implicit logic can be embodied in the translation. Only in this way can we meet the characteristics of academic papers.2 The basic language features of 2 compound sentences2.1 sentence composition complex"The compound sentence is constituted by a main clause and one or more clauses in the sentence. In a sentence, usually it is the main body of the whole sentence, and can exist independently; However the clause is a sentence, which cannot exist independently." Although a clause cannot exist alone, it contains a subject and a predicate, just like a sentence. But the difference is that clauses often require an associated word to guide. Complex sentences can be roughly divided into two categories: principal and subordinate complex sentences and compound sentences. These two types of complex sentence can be subdivided into several different types of complex sentences, which leads to the difficulty of understanding of the original translation increases, so complex sentence has become a big problem in English translation.In some application articles, especially articles in trade, complex sentence is quite common, which mainly is the subordinate compound complex sentence, such as subject clauses, attributive clauses and appositive clauses etc.. This kind of complex sentence and general articles in English complex sentence be quite different in meaning aspect, that there is a clause and at least one clause sentences. In this kind of professional English, the compound sentence is often long, the sentence is modified and combined, and a complex sentence usually contains multiple clauses. This also brings a lot of trouble to English translation work.2.2 word order is very different from ChineseCompared with the Chinese, the main component of English sentence is roughly the same in word order, but due to different ways of thinking and expression of habit, two languages do exist some differences in word order indeed. these differences are mainly embodied and logical order is not the same place. When expressing or asking questions in English, people tend to take the idea of expressing the parts first and then expressing the whole, from small to large; The Chinese language is just the opposite, the Chinese like to take the first expression of the whole, re expression of the concept of the part, that is, from large to small way. For example, in the expression of the name, the English speaking countries are to make the name in the front, after the surname, while China is the opposite;When asked about the concept of expression, the order of the English speaking countries is the date in the former, the year after, however the order of the Chinese is years, months and days.2.3 sentence making is mainly use the hypotaxis methodEnglish sentence mainly adopts the shape method, with associated words explicit language means the connection, to express the logic and grammatical meaning; While Chinese sentences mainly use the hypotaxis method, clauses expressing grammatical meaning and logic relation by word or sentence. As Liu Biqing pointed out in the "new Chinese English comparison and translation", "the Chinese emphasis on the concept ". The hypotaxis method of English sentence focus on "explicit cohesion", and reflecting the morphological structure of relationship words through conjunctions, prepositional phrases and inflections and other grammatical meaning, the small sentence according to the state information classification. The main sentence expresses the main information, and the clause is of free expansion and extension , and nested clauses can also be found in the clause . However Chinese "parataxis" focus on "implicit coherence" with even less conjunctions.3 current problems in the translation of English complex sentencesIt is not easy to master the skills of translating English into Chinese. This is the reason why we encounter all kinds of difficulties when we translate English into Chinese; The first is the difficulties to understand English. This is the common feeling of learning and using English. Because of the different of history, culture, customs and habits, English in Britain seems logical, but in Chinese upside-down, for it is intermittent and extremely uncomfortable. Second, it is difficult to express in Chinese.We are often very dizzy in order to find suitable vocabulary equivalence in English Chinese translation. Seems to be in the mind of a box to open the box, but we do not have. In addition, the English translation of the Han Dynasty to master the requirements of a variety of cultural knowledge is high. Because of the content of the article we have translated, it may involve a very wide range of knowledge and most of these areas of knowledge are unfamiliar to us. If you do not have the appropriate cultural knowledge, there will inevitably be some errors or mistakes in translation. It is precisely because of the difficulties in translating English into Chinese, so we have to go through the practice of translation. This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of two different languages in English and Chinese in order to find out the general rules of expression to avoid some errors that we should not make. These expressions are what we call translation techniques.In Chinese, the associative words are mainly used as conjunctions, which are used to connect words with words, phrases and phrases or sentences and sentences to express a logical relationship. The Related words can be used to express the logical relations such as juxtaposition, undertaking, turning, cause and effect, selection, hypothesis, comparison and concession, such as on the one hand...... on the other hand......" "only...... only......" Etc.. There are a lot of Related words, such as "if'" and "如果" in the English Chinese complex sentences, and the relationship between the clauses is the same in the translation . In general, when the semantic relationship in Chinese sentences is obvious, related words can be omitted in English complex sentence. Take the saying "where there is a will, there is a way (where there is a will, there is a)" as an example, "where there is a will" is the sentence adverbial, and "Where" has indicated the location function in the adverbial clause, indicating a certain place. But in the conversion into Chinese, according to the original meaning, apply Chinese existing expressions, will handle the relationship between the two sentences in the conditional relation Related words and "where" is omitted. In addition, in English, some of the relevant word usage is very flexible, for example, as...... as, can be treated as "one side.....one side" , and also can be used as "because" solution, table causality, also can be expressed as...... When". In the translation of such related words, clauses, we must scrutinize the word meaning and usage, for it does not only need the help of grammar knowledge and recognition of its syntactic function, but also requires a combination of context specific analysis to determine. If it is not handled properly, it will cause ambiguity.In English sentences, some components of sentence (or fixed phrases) should be put together tightly associated, such as subject and predicate, verb and predicative etc.. Sometimes, however, they are far apart from other components, and this phenomenon is known as separation. There are structural components separated, and they mainly are various kinds of phrases and the structure and the main clause in addition to the main sentence, such as parentheses, appositive clauses etc..The separation structure is just like the node in the tree structure, the more nodes, the more branches, and the more complex the sentence is. In English complex sentences, this phenomenon is particularly evident. In the complex structure of the separated compound sentence, the relationship between sentence meaning and its various components, on the basis ofChinese expressions, with Chinese word association said equivalence relations, re rational allocation and separate structure help through a.. In the complex structure of the separated compound sentence, clarifying the relationship between sentence meaning and its various components, and reallocating the separate structure on the basis of Chinese expressions, with Chinese word association said equivalence relations, helps to understand the meaning of a sentence.4 the translation of Chinese architectural culture4.1 Sequential translationThe sequential translation is to translate the original sentence structure according to the order. In the part of the object clause complex sentences in English, the main verb is "realize", "show", "claim" etc. These verbs are heavily dependent on the object clause "that". Then, in view of the translation of this sentence pattern, we usually use the translation method.For example: 刘碧青声称，中国强调的重点是新的中英之间对比的概念。