妇科笔记整理

Chapter12 Postpartum Complications产褥期并发症（李红梅）

Puerperal Infection产褥感染

1.Puerperal morbidity产褥病率（名解）：To monitor T qid, T>38℃or 38℃×2 fr. 24H to 10 days after giving birth.分娩24小时以后的10日内，每日用口表测体温4次，间隔时间4小时，有2次达到或者超过>38℃

产褥病率常由产褥感染引起，但也由生殖道以外的其他感染，如reproductive infection，metritis子宫炎,mastitis乳腺炎，UTI，wound infection，pelvic thrombophlebitis血栓静脉炎，

2.产褥感染病因etiology：general factors，labor related factors，operative factors，pathogens

UTI泌尿系统感染

1.感染病因etiology：urinary catheter，anatomy of the urethra，urine retention，low immunity，

引起感染法病原体绝大部分是格兰阴性杆菌，以大肠杆菌多见

2.Nursingintervention：specimen collection；education : PU, water；medication on time；acidification of the urine；perineal hygiene

Postpartum Hemorrhage产后出血

1.定义：blood loss>500mls within 24 hours

2.cause：uterineatony子宫收缩发力;placenta factors胎盘因素; laceration软产道损伤; DIC

3.Nursingintervention: predisposing factors ; uterine fundus,vital signs; hemostasis; anti-shock; Infection prevention

Chapter13 Infectious Diseases of Female Reproductive System女性生殖系统炎症（李红梅）

1.natural defenses（多选题）

labia as guard大阴唇，vaginal orifice closed阴道口闭合，acidity酸性，cervix covered by squamous epithelium宫颈鳞状上皮，grume from endocervix子宫内膜脱落，menses月经，ciliated cells纤毛细胞

2. pathogens（多选题）

Bacteria细菌，Protozoa原虫，Fungus真菌，Virus病毒，

Spirochete螺旋体，Chlamydia衣原体，Mycoplasmas支原体

3.spread modes（多选题）

lymph system，ascend diffuse上行蔓延，bloodstream，direct diffusion

4.trichomonal vaginitis滴虫阴道炎：用酸性冲洗液

malodorous,frothy discharge泡沫状分泌物,strawberry草莓样宫颈，metronidazole

candidial vaginitis外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病: 用碱性冲洗液

pruritus,white curd-like discharge瘙痒，乳凝或豆腐渣样

chapter14 dysfunctionalmenstruatuion月经失调（邢翠）

section1 Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding功能失调性子宫出血

1.定义记住

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB) is irregular bleeding from the uterus.

Menorrhagia (月经过多):Prolonged (>7 days) or excessive (>80 ml) bleeding that occurs at regular intervals.周期规则，但经期延长（>7日）或经量过多（>80ml）

Polymenorrhea (月经频发): Frequent, regular periods that occur less than every 21 days月经频发，周期缩短Metrorrhagia (子宫不规则出血):Bleeding of various amounts that occurs at irregular but frequent intervals周期不规则，经期可延长而经量正常

Menometrorrhagia(子宫不规则过多出血) :Frequent, excessive, and prolonged bleeding that occurs at irregular intervals 周期不规则，经期延长，经量过多

2.Clinical classification and features of DUB临表掌握

Anovulatory bleeding (无排卵性DUB):Metrorrhagia (子宫不规则出血)，No accompanied with abdomen pain or another sick symptoms.Bleeding may be long and heavy，leading to anemia and shock.子宫不规则出血：月经周期紊乱，经期长短不一，经量不定或增多、甚至大量出血，出血期间无腹痛或其他不适，继发贫血，大量出血可导致休克