高中同位语从句优秀课件

3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以 引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。 如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 (同位语从句)
同位语从句
1.概念: 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 2.功能: 同位语从句对百度文库词进一步解释， 说明名词的具体内容， 3.用法: 常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief … 4.连词 that/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how
总结： 同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句 不充当 就是其内容。that在从句中_______成分。而定语从句 就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在 从句中____句子成分。 做题顺序：“二看” 充当
从句 句意 一看_____是否完整；二看_____确定答案。
Exercises:
宾语 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
定语从句 （他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 同位语从句 (汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）
句
句 A: He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first. B: The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down. 定语从 句
连接词that引导的同位语从句
that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用. 他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国. He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.
that
同位语从句 定语从句
只连接主句和从 代替先行词, 句,在从句中不充 在从句中充当成分 当成分 名词性 形容词性
仔细看，找区别
A: The news that he told me is that Tom 定语从 would go abroad next year. B: The news that Tom would go abroad同位 is 同位语从 told by him. 语从
He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。 (同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. (定语从句) 我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。
museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more.
Exercise—Multiple choices
1. Here’s an announcement ____ the winner at chess can get a prize of 1’000 yuan. A. that B. why C. whether D. when 2. It’s a question _____ he did it. A. what B. that C. how D. if 3. The dream ____ we are flying in space has finally been realized by a Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei. A. when B. that C. which D. what 4. They rumor spread ____ a new school would be built. A. that B. what C. where D. which
连接词whether引导的同位语从句
只用whether引导,不用if. 这个问题是否正确还未被证实.
The problem whether is right ________ hasn’t been proved.
连接词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句 在从句中充当成分 1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定. 2.我不知道该选哪个. (主) who should go 1.The question _____ abroad hasn’t been decided yet. which one I 2. I have no idea ______ should choose. (定语)
that Beijing would host the 2008 Olympic Games The news______________________________ exited the Chinese people.
that typhoon Saomei hit Cangnan
桑美
that the typhoon Sangmei hit Cangnan • The fact_______________________________ made people worried.
I have no idea when they will go.
⑶ 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say
(也就是说), in other words (换句话 说), that is (那就是), for example 等
引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代
词。
He told us the good news, namely, the
连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句
why 1.I’ve got a good idea _____ they left early. where 2.The question _______ we should go has not been decided. 3. 由when引导
1.There’s a feeling in me____we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever.（ 02’上海） A.that B.which C.of which D.what.
答案解析：that we’ll never know what a UFO is –not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling 的具体内容的。that 在从句中不做 任何成分。
5. The question ____ it is right or wrong depends on the result. A. if B. which C. that D. whether 6. I have a question ______ student should take the responsibility. A. that B. which C. what D. if 7. They expressed the suggestion _____ she accept the award. A. what B. when C. that D. which Tip:在某些名词（wish, demand, suggestion, advice 等）后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气！
2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同： that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词， 不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的 that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在 从句中充当成分。
e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充 当任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
句
同位语从句与定语 从句 的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队 取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
考点７
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1. （09江西）The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 2. The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. / 3. The suggestion ____ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /
同位语从句与定语从句区别
1. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact,
news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内
涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名 词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。
我不知道你在这儿.
I didn’t know that you were here. 宾语从句
I had no idea that you were there. 同位语从句
that Liu Xiang The news _____________ won the 110 hurdle _____________________ exited the Chinese people.
that the prices of • The fact______________ houses are always increasing ______________________ made people worried.
• 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词 之后,用以说明或解释前面的 名词,引导同位语从句的连词 常用that.
2.从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或 限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同 位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进
一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句
的范畴。如:
The news that our team has won the game is true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什 么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语)