高一必修3Unit 3-5 名词性从句

4. 连词whether 引导表语从句
▪ His first question was whether Mr.Simth had arrived yet.
5. 主W语he是th表er示不建能议被，if命代令替，要求，计划等（ suggestion，advice, order,request,proposal )等名词，表语从句要用should +动词原形
▪ I dislike it that he is always speaking ill of me.
Practice time
if / whether
1. I asked her _i_f _/_w_h_e_th_e_r_ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about _w_h_e_t_he_r__ he is safe. 3. I don’t know __w_h_e_th_e_r_/_if__ he is well or not. 4. I don’t know __w_h_et_h_e_r _ or not he is well. 5. I don’t know __w_he_t_h_er_ to go.
宾语从句
3. The truth is that I have been there.
表语从句
4. The fact that she was late surprised us.
同位语从句
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引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：W__h_o_,__w__h_o_s_e__,_w__h_o_m__,__w_h__a_t_,__w_h_.ich, Whoever, whatever. whomever, whomever
1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that
2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether 3 .That is ___ they separated.
▪ I suggested that he (should) study harder.
4. 有些动词的后面如：like, dislike hate, appreciate等，其后的宾语从句通常用it 做 形式宾语
▪ I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor.
名词性从句
1. 为什么叫名词性从句？
____整__个__从__句__相_当__于__一__个__名__词
名词能做的成分,从
2. 为什么要有名词性从句句？都能做
同样作宾语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义
I know him.
I know that he is writing his
composition in his room.
has not been decided. 该句中主语从句是 _W__h_e_t_h_e_r_w__e_w_i_l_l __ _tr_a_v_e_l_a_b_r_o_a_d__o_r_n_o_t_，引导词为 _w__h_e_th__er__。
4. Whoever knows the secret mustn’t tell
A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when
主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。 引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether, if；连接代词who, whoever, whom, what, whatever, whose, which； 连接副词when, where, how, why等。
1.We believed that heh_a_d__e_a_r_n_ed (earn) enough money to build a house.
2.The teacher told his class that light t_r_a_v_e_ls_ (travel) faster than sound.
【例句呈现】 观察下列例句，指出其中所包含的主语 从句及引导词: 1. What is needed for a long trip is careful preparation. 该句中主语从句是 _W__h_a_t_i_s_n_e_e_d_e_d_f_o_r_a_ _l_o_n_g_t_r_ip__，引导词为 _w_h_a_t_。
3.I suggested that he__s_tu_d_y___( study) harder
（二）表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 The question was whether we could go there. It appears that she is telling a lie
有词义，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：w_h_e__n_,__w_h__e_r_e_,__w_h__y_,__h_o_w__,wherever, . whenever
有词义，在从句中作状语。
3、连接词：__t_h_a_t_,__w_h__e_t_h_e_r__,_i_f_,__a_s if
我知道他在房间里写作文.
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句 同位语从句
主语从句在句中做------ 主语 表语从句在句中做------ 表语
宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语 同位语从句在句中----- 同位语
1. That he will come is certain.
主语从句
2. I know that he will come.
others. 该句中主语从句是 _W__h_o_e_v_e_r_k_n_o_w__s_t_h_e_ _s_e_c_re_t_，引导词为 _w_h__o_ev_e_r_。
5. It remains a puzzle why dinosaurs died
out suddenly long time ago. 该句中主语从句是 _w_h_y__d_in_o_s_a_u_r_s_d__ie_d_ o_u__t _s_u_d_d_e_n_ly__lo_n__g_l_o_n_g_a_g_o_，引导词为 _w_h_y__。
这就是…的地方
This is why …
2. That was how they won the match.
他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.
这就是…的原因
This is how….
这就是…的方法
3. This is why she got up so early this morning.
这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.
4. Because 和why 引导的标语从句
That’s because he didn’t understand me .(That is because…强调原因 译：因为
That’s why he caught a cold yesterday.….强 调结果。译： …原因
区分：The reason why he was absent was that he had return his hometown.
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的 连词that一般可省略。 I hope _______everything is all right.
在以下三种情况下不能省略：
（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， 第二个that不能省；
Everyone knew (that) the accident happened and _t_h_a_t _ she was worried.
.
that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
（ 一）宾语从句
▪ 观察下列例句，指出其中所包含的宾语从句及连接词:
▪ 1. I don’t know whom you should depend on.
▪
该句中宾语从句是 whom you should
【观察总结】 通过分析上面例句，同学们可能会发
现上面第5句中的主语从句似乎比较隐蔽。 其实，这也是主语从句的一种呈现方式， 即：当一个句子主语过长时，可以用it作 形式主语，而把真正的主语或主语从句后 移至句子末尾，以保持句子的平衡。注意 观察下列例句中的划线部分：
1. It is not clear how the accident happened. It +be +形容词+that从句 2. It is a pity that you should have made such a careless mistake. It +is +a 名词+that从句 3. It is reported that more than thirty deaths were caused in the accident. 4. It is suggested that the old should go to the country side to have a rest.
(2) 介词后面的that不能省略。 Eg. You can depend on it that he will help you. （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
I consider _i_t ____ necessary __t_h_a_t __we should learn English well.
depend on ，连接词为 whom_
▪ 2. We all find it important that we should make a
quick decision about this matter.
▪ 该句中宾语从句是that we should make a quick decision about this matter连接词为 that
2. That Jay Zhou will come to my city
excites everybody. 该句中主语从句是 _T_h_a_t_J_a_y__Z_h_o_u__w_i_ll_ _c_o_m_e__to__m_y__c_it_y_，引导词为 _t_h_a_t_。 3. Whether we will travel abroad or not
③ 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。 It depends on ________ we have enough time.
④ whether 可与不定式连用。
▪ 3. 一些含有假设、猜想、建议等意思的动词后 面的宾语从句要用“should +动词原形”结构, should可以省略。这类动词有: advise, arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, require, request, suggest等。如：
2、引导表语从句的连接词that一般不省略。 My idea is that we can get more comrades
to help in the work.
3. 从属连词As if /though翻译为
“好像”不占成分
▪ It seems as if he had known the news.
1. 我们就是这样克服困难的.
This is how we overcame the difficulties.
2. 那就是他昨天缺席的原因.
That is why he was absent yesterday.
3. 这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.
This is where we met last Sunday.
2、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但 下面情况不能互换。
②宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用时，不能 换成if；不直接连用，可换。 I don’t know whether or not the report is true. I don’t know whether/if the report is true or not.
My proposal was that we ( should )not give him what he want.
注意下列表语从句中连接副词where, how, why 的译法
固定句型:
1. This is where Lu Xun once lived.
这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.
This is where…