小六英语第11讲:情态动词(教师版)
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第11讲情态动词
情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义,但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态,如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。
它们不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词(原形)一起作谓语,表示完整的意思,
例如:I can dance.(我会跳舞。)can, 能, 会
3.must
1)must表示说话人的主观意志,表示义务、命令或必要、应当和必须等。现在式与过去式同形。如:I must go to school today.
He told me I mustn’t leave until my mother came.
2)must表示推测,“一定是”、“准是”,例如:
They must be very tired. Let them have a rest.
Jack doesn’t look well. He must be ill.
注意:
➢have to表示“必须”、“不得不”,它不仅能代替must, 用于现在时和过去时以外的其他时态,表示说话人的主观看法,而且又表示客观上的需要。例如:
➢If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home.
The ship started to go down slowly. We must leave the ship.
➢在回答must的疑问句时,否定回答常用needn’t表示“不必”,例如:
➢Must I return this book to you in two weeks?(这本书我两星期以后必须还你吗?)➢Yes, you must.(是的。)
➢No, you needn’t.(不,不必了。)
4.need
need(需要)既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。
1) need作情态动词时,只用于否定句或疑问句。例如:
It’s warm today. You needn’t put on your coat.
Need I post your books to you?
2) need作及物动词时:
need sth ∕to do sth ∕doing sth
四.情态动词常见句型
1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2、Can + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ~can. No, ~can’t.
3、Can I borrow your book?----Yes, of course.
4、Can I write on the book? ------No, you can’t\mustn’t.
5、Could \Can you help me?---- Yes, of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.
6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?
7、May I come in ?----- Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t.
9、May I have some Coke?---- Yes, of course.
10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -----Speaking. Who’s calling?
11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告:
1) He should get up early.
2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much.
12、Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ~should.\ No, ~shouldn’t.
13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”
----Would you like to go shopping with me?
-----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink? ----Yes, I’d like…
15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”
1) Where shall we have dinner?
2) Shall we go fishing? -----All right. \OK. \Good idea.
16、Must + 主语+ 动词原形? ---Yes,~must.\No, ~needn’t.
1.情态动词的种类和主要用法;
2.各个情态动词之间的意义区分;
3.常见的含有情态动词的口语;
4.
(不用添加内容,任课老师根据学生情况自行添加)
适当的情态动词填空:
1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________.
答案:needn’t
2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________.
答案:Can, can’t
3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here.
答案:Can, must
4. My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
答案:should
5. ________ you like some tea?
答案:Would
6. You ________ take more exercise.
答案:should
7. ________ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
答案:Can
8. The clock ________ tell us the time.
答案:can
9. ________ you like to go fishing with me?