翻译技巧之增补与省略 ppt课件
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• He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，（……）看上去一副可怜 相。
• We live and learn. （……）活到老，学到老。
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(2) 省略做宾语的代词
• She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it. 她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上，好象表示感谢 （……）。
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• He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders.
他将（……）双手放进（……）衣袋，然 后耸了耸（……）肩。
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2) 省略非人称的或强势句中的it
(1) 非人称it • Outside it was pitch dark and it was
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(3) 省略物主代词
So the train came, he pinched his little sister lovingly, and put his great arms about his mother’s neck and then was away.
于是火车来了，他爱抚地捏了一下 （……） 小妹妹，用（……）两条巨大的胳膊搂了一下 （……）母亲的脖子，然后就走了。
英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大：
• 英语有冠词,而汉语却没有;
• 英语重形合,连接词较多,汉语重意合,连接词较少;
• 英语中介词丰富,多达280多个,汉语中介词则较少,只 有30来个;
• 英语中经常使用代词,尤其是经常使用人称代词,关系
代词等,而汉语中代词则用得较少;
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1) 省代词
(1)省略作主语的人称代词
• 电子表比机械表准确得多。
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I. Types of Omission in terms of Language
• 1. Out of Grammar • 2. Out of Semantic • 3. Out of Rhetoric
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1. Out of Grammar
(从语法角度进行减省)
• It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house. 他费了不少劲才找到了回家的路。
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3) 省略连接词
(1)省略并列连接词 • He looked gloomy and troubled.
他看上去有些忧愁不安。 • Mr. Smith was good-looking and
• I hate all these hustle and bustle. 我讨厌这种拥挤不堪的场面。
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3. Out of Rhetoric (从修辞角度进行减省)
为了使译文简洁不拖沓，取得好的修辞效果， 有时省略原文中不必要的词汇，而用中文中的四 字成语来翻译。
These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.
• A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。
• The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。
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5) 省略前置词
(1)省略表示时间的前置词
• The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。
raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 • He glanced at his watch; it was 7:15. 他一看表，是七点一刻了。
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(2) 强势用it
• It was only then that I began to have doubts whether my story would ever be told. 只是在这个时候，我才开始怀疑，我的经 历究竟能不能公诸于众呢！
这些发展中国家，地大物博，人口众多。
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• There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
gentleman-like. 史密斯先生相貌英俊，彬彬有礼。
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(2)省略从属连接词 • Because the departure was not easy, we
made it brief. 告别这件事难受得很，我们就作的简短一 些。
• If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了。春天还会远吗？
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(2)省略表示地点的前置词
• Smoking is prohibited in public place. 公共场所不准吸烟。
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2. Out of semantic (从 语义的角度减省)
有时原文中的词汇冗余，有语义重复 的现象，在翻译时往往采用省词译法或合 词译法。
• He is a mBaidu Nhomakorabean of culture and learning. 他是个很有学问的人。
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(3) 省略表示时间的连接词
• John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他 想起了病中的母亲。
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4) 省略冠词
第六章 翻译技巧 之 增补与省略
Addition and Omission
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I. Omission
• The time-keeping device of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones.
• We live and learn. （……）活到老，学到老。
ppt课件
5
(2) 省略做宾语的代词
• She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it. 她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上，好象表示感谢 （……）。
ppt课件
7
• He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders.
他将（……）双手放进（……）衣袋，然 后耸了耸（……）肩。
ppt课件
8
2) 省略非人称的或强势句中的it
(1) 非人称it • Outside it was pitch dark and it was
ppt课件
6
(3) 省略物主代词
So the train came, he pinched his little sister lovingly, and put his great arms about his mother’s neck and then was away.
于是火车来了，他爱抚地捏了一下 （……） 小妹妹，用（……）两条巨大的胳膊搂了一下 （……）母亲的脖子，然后就走了。
英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大：
• 英语有冠词,而汉语却没有;
• 英语重形合,连接词较多,汉语重意合,连接词较少;
• 英语中介词丰富,多达280多个,汉语中介词则较少,只 有30来个;
• 英语中经常使用代词,尤其是经常使用人称代词,关系
代词等,而汉语中代词则用得较少;
ppt课件
4
1) 省代词
(1)省略作主语的人称代词
• 电子表比机械表准确得多。
ppt课件
2
I. Types of Omission in terms of Language
• 1. Out of Grammar • 2. Out of Semantic • 3. Out of Rhetoric
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1. Out of Grammar
(从语法角度进行减省)
• It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house. 他费了不少劲才找到了回家的路。
ppt课件
10
3) 省略连接词
(1)省略并列连接词 • He looked gloomy and troubled.
他看上去有些忧愁不安。 • Mr. Smith was good-looking and
• I hate all these hustle and bustle. 我讨厌这种拥挤不堪的场面。
ppt课件
17
3. Out of Rhetoric (从修辞角度进行减省)
为了使译文简洁不拖沓，取得好的修辞效果， 有时省略原文中不必要的词汇，而用中文中的四 字成语来翻译。
These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.
• A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。
• The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。
ppt课件
14
5) 省略前置词
(1)省略表示时间的前置词
• The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。
raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 • He glanced at his watch; it was 7:15. 他一看表，是七点一刻了。
ppt课件
9
(2) 强势用it
• It was only then that I began to have doubts whether my story would ever be told. 只是在这个时候，我才开始怀疑，我的经 历究竟能不能公诸于众呢！
这些发展中国家，地大物博，人口众多。
ppt课件
18
• There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
gentleman-like. 史密斯先生相貌英俊，彬彬有礼。
ppt课件
11
(2)省略从属连接词 • Because the departure was not easy, we
made it brief. 告别这件事难受得很，我们就作的简短一 些。
• If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了。春天还会远吗？
ppt课件
15
(2)省略表示地点的前置词
• Smoking is prohibited in public place. 公共场所不准吸烟。
ppt课件
16
2. Out of semantic (从 语义的角度减省)
有时原文中的词汇冗余，有语义重复 的现象，在翻译时往往采用省词译法或合 词译法。
• He is a mBaidu Nhomakorabean of culture and learning. 他是个很有学问的人。
ppt课件
12
(3) 省略表示时间的连接词
• John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他 想起了病中的母亲。
ppt课件
13
4) 省略冠词
第六章 翻译技巧 之 增补与省略
Addition and Omission
ppt课件
1
I. Omission
• The time-keeping device of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones.