函电知识点整理
外贸函电重点整理
Unit 1 Business Letter Writing 商业书信撰写1.The Salutation 称呼这是写信人对收信人的一种称呼，其位置是在封内地址的下面空两行，目前外贸书信中一般通用的称呼语有：Dear sir , Dear Madam, Dear Sirs,Dear Mesdames, Gentlemen(不能用单数),Dear Mr.xxxplimentary Close 结束客套语结束语是一种客套用语它应与前面的称呼相呼应，后面加逗号。
如：Dear Sir(s): Yours faithfully,or Faithfully yours,Gentlemen: Truly yours,or Yours truly,Dear Mr.xx, Yours sincerely or Sincerely yours,3.Enclosure 附件如信中有附件时，应在签名下注明Encl.或Enc.如附件不止一件应注明2 Encls or 3 Encls,或详细列明如下：Encls: 2 InvoicesEnc: 1 Photo1 CertificateUnit 2 Establishing Business Relations 建立业务关系1．说明信息来源（The source of information）Your company has been kindly introduced to us by…we learn from… that…简单介绍自己公司（brief introduction to your own company ）We wish to introduce ourselves to you as…Our lines are mainly …写信目的（The intention of writing the letter）We are willing to enter into business relations with you.we are now writing to you for the …表达合作愿望（Expressing the intention of cooperation and getting early reply） We look forward to receiving …Your early reply is appreciated.2.短语be introduced to 被介绍给……fall within the business scope of 属于……的经营范围enter into (establish, build，open up) business relations with 与……建立业务关系at an early date 尽早a general idea/a rough idea 一般的了解，大致概况Upon /on receipt of 一收到……Look forward to+n./v-ing 盼望，期待the Commercial Counsellor’s Office 商务参赞处avail oneself of 利用In a position to do sth 能够……State-owned/State-operated/State-run 国营的，国有的Specialize in 专业经营，专营engaged in 从事Under/By separate cover/post 另寄，另外邮寄with a view to 为了3.句子1)Your letter of the 2nd March expressing the hope of establishing businessconnections with us has been received with thanks.你3月2日希望同我们建立业务关系的信已经收到，谢谢。
英语函电的基本知识点总结
英语函电的基本知识点总结一、函电的种类1. 询盘函电（Inquiry Letter）：指买方为了了解产品的情况、质量、价格等情况，向卖方发出的询问函电。
2. 报盘函电（Quotation Letter）：指卖方向买方回复询盘函电的信函。
3. 订货函（Order Letter）：指买方订购产品时写给卖方的信函。
4. 确认函（Confirmation Letter）：指买方收到卖方的报盘函电后表示同意、确认的信函。
5. 通知函（Notification Letter）：指在国际贸易交易中通知有关各方，一般都是以书面形式发出的通知。
二、函电的格式1. 信头（Letterhead）：函电顶端注明发信方名称、地址、电话、传真、电子邮件等信息。
2. 日期（Date）：标明函电发出的具体日期。
3. 称呼（Salutation）：包括称呼语和收信人姓名，一般用Dear Mr./Mrs. + 姓名。
4. 正文（Body）：表述主要内容，分段书写，内容清晰明了。
5. 结尾语（Closing）：一般用Sincerely, Cordially, Best regards等，后面跟发信人的签名。
6. 附件（Enclosures）：如果有附件需要在函电中标注。
7. 抄送（CC）：在需要抄送他人的情况下需在函电中注明。
三、函电的语言特点1. 准确明了：准确地传递信息内容，不含糊不清。
2. 礼貌用语：使用礼貌用语，如请、谢谢、感谢等。
3. 商务用语：使用商务用语，如offer, inquiry, confirm, order等。
4. 语法规范：注意使用正确的语法和拼写，避免出现错误。
5. 简练明了：用词简练、清晰，不使用复杂的词汇和句式。
四、函电的撰写注意事项1. 确定写作目的：在写函电之前，要确定写作目的和内容。
2. 留意对方文化：如果是国际贸易函电，需要留意对方国家的文化习惯和商务礼仪，如称呼和谦称的使用等。
3. 注意函电用语：使用准确的商务用语，避免出现歧义和误解。
函电知识
判断1.Non-firm offer (=Quotation) 虚盘* a promise (no legally binding force)* subject to confirmation by the seller even after being accepted by the buyerFirm Offer实盘* promise to sell sth. within a stated period of time* has legally binding force1) State clearly the validity time of the offer. (i.e. not to be withdrawn within this period)2) All terms and conditions are complete, definite, final, not to be changed within the validity time.3) State the quantity of goods to be transacted.Offerer (发盘方) –sellerofferee （受盘方）–buyerbid 递价（from the buyer）2.支付方式风险比较L/C 信用证 < D/P at sight 即期付款< D/P after sight 远期付款<D/A 承兑汇票的内涵和定义汇票是一项无条件的书面支付命令，由某人（出票人drawer/payee）向另一人（付款人drawee/payer）签发，要求受票人见票即付或在规定日期或可以确定的将来某个时间对指定人或指定人所指示的人或持票人支付一定数额之货币。
3.信用证中银行双方职责。
通知银行 advising bank = 议付银行 negotiating bank开征银行 opening bank = 付款银行 paying bank 开立信用证支付流程进口商（付款人）签署开立信用证申请书——开证银行开立信用证——信用证被交到通知银行——通知银行传递审查修改信用证——出口商（受益人）拿到信用证向船务公司装货、取单——出口商（受益人）签发即期汇票、单据请求议付——议付银行见票即付，帮出口商（受益人）垫付货款，再向付款银行提交汇票和单据，要求检票偿付——付款银行提示付款人见票付款——进口商（付款人）付款赎单——进口商拿到单据向船务公司提货4.装运过程中买卖双方在不同价格术语下的责任区分1) booking shipping space or chartering shipsCIF/CFR --- seller FOB – buyer2) advising the ship‟s name and the ETA（预计到达时间）CIF/CFR --- seller (ETA at the discharging port-卸货港) +目的港FOB --- buyer (ETA at the loading port) + 装运港3) After the shipment,the seller inform the buyer of the shipping information(i.e. shipping advice)装运须知 shipping instruction : buyer, before shipment装运通知书 shipping advice: seller, after shipmentDraft is usually drawn by the seller.B/L的理解。
国贸函电知识点
国贸函电知识点函电是国际贸易中非常常见的一种书信形式，它是商业沟通和交流的重要手段。
为了更好地理解和运用函电，掌握国贸函电的知识点是非常重要的。
本文将从函电的定义、格式、写作技巧以及注意事项等方面，逐步介绍国贸函电的知识点。
1.函电的定义函电是商务领域中书面交流的一种形式，它主要用于国际贸易中的商业往来和沟通。
通过函电，商务合作方可以明确表达双方的意见、要求和商业需求，从而促进合作关系的发展。
2.函电的格式函电通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和署名等部分。
详细的格式如下：信头：包括发件人的名称、地址、电话和传真等联系方式。
称呼：写信人称呼收信人的方式，根据收信人的身份和称谓来决定如何称呼。
正文：函电的主要内容，要清晰明了地表达意见、需求和要求等。
结束语：表达写信人对收信人的问候或感谢等。
署名：写信人在函电末尾签名，并注明职位和日期等。
3.函电的写作技巧为了使函电更加清晰、准确和有效，以下是几个写作技巧：（1）简明扼要：函电需要简明扼要地表达主题，避免冗长和复杂的句子。
（2）逻辑清晰：函电的内容需要按照逻辑条理组织，确保读者能够迅速理解。
（3）客观中立：函电应该客观中立地表达意见和需求，避免使用主观情绪化的语言。
（4）准确无误：函电需要使用准确无误的语言和词汇，确保信息传达的准确性。
（5）礼貌用语：函电中需要使用礼貌用语，例如感谢、祝福和致以良好的祝愿等，以保持良好的商业关系。
4.函电的注意事项在撰写函电时，还需要注意以下几个方面：（1）语法和拼写：函电需要注意语法和拼写的准确性，避免出现错误。
（2）格式规范：函电需要按照规定的格式进行撰写，确保整体的专业性和规范性。
（3）敏感信息：在函电中，需要注意保护敏感信息的安全，避免泄露商业机密。
（4）及时回复：在收到函电后，需要及时回复对方，保持良好的沟通和合作。
总结：国贸函电是国际贸易中常见的书信形式，了解和掌握函电的知识点对于商务交流和合作至关重要。
外贸函电自考知识点总结
外贸函电自考知识点总结一、外贸函电相关基础知识1.外贸函电的概念和分类外贸函电是指国际贸易中使用的各种书面通信工具，包括信函、传真、电子邮件等形式。
外贸函电可以分为商务信函、合同、报价单、发票、提单等各种形式，用于进行进出口贸易活动中的交流和沟通。
2.外贸函电的特点外贸函电具有国际性、专业性和格式化的特点。
国际性表现在外贸函电涉及国际贸易活动，需要遵循国际商务惯例和国际法律法规；专业性表现在外贸函电需要具备专业知识和技能，例如外贸术语、国际结算方式、国际贸易操作等；格式化表现在外贸函电有一定的格式和规范，遵循特定的写作规则和标准。
3.外贸函电的作用和意义外贸函电在国际贸易活动中扮演着重要的角色，其作用和意义主要包括：传递信息、建立合作关系、解决问题、促进贸易和维护权益等方面。
通过外贸函电，进出口企业可以与客户、供应商、物流公司等各方进行有效的沟通和协调，从而推动贸易活动顺利进行。
4.外贸函电的发展趋势随着信息技术的发展和应用，外贸函电在形式和方式上发生了很大变化。
传统的书面信函渐渐被电子邮件、在线沟通工具等新型形式取代，外贸函电的发展趋势主要包括电子化、网络化、智能化和标准化等方面。
二、外贸函电的具体类型和写作规范1.商务信函的写作规范商务信函是国际贸易中常用的一种形式，其写作规范包括信头、称呼、正文、落款等内容。
在写作商务信函时，需要注意语言简洁明了、内容准确清晰、格式规范美观等要点。
2.合同的写作规范合同是国际贸易中不可或缺的重要文件，其写作规范主要包括合同的结构、内容、格式、条款等方面。
在写作合同时，需要注意合同的语言准确明了、内容全面详细、格式规范严谨等要点。
3.报价单的写作规范报价单是国际贸易中常用的一种形式，其写作规范包括报价单的格式、内容、条款、价格、有效期等方面。
在写作报价单时，需要注意报价单的语言简洁明了、内容准确清晰、价格合理公正等要点。
4.发票的写作规范发票是国际贸易中必不可少的一种凭证，其写作规范主要包括发票的结构、内容、格式、金额、税率等方面。
外贸函电常用词汇重点
外贸函电常用词汇学习交流,开拓视野,资源共享, --实惠网外贸论坛热情欢迎外贸各行各业的朋友第一期:General Terms1. establishing business relation-建立业务关系2. inquiry-询盘3. offer-报盘4. counter offer-还盘5. quantity-数量6. packing-包装7. time of shipment-装运期8. price-价格9. discount-折扣10. terms of payment-支付条款11. insurance-保险12. commodity k'mditi inspection-商品检验13. acceptance-接受14. signing a contract-签订合同15. claim kleim：索赔16. agency 'eidnsi：代理17. commission k'min：佣金18. exclusive iks'klu:siv独有的,独占的,专用的sales: 包销19. joint dint venture-合资企业20. compensation,kmpen'sein trade-补偿贸易21. processing and assembling trade-加工装配贸易22. the terms of international trade-国际贸易术语第二期:Establishing business relation 建立业务关系1. recommendation ,rekmen'dein：推荐、介绍2. inform 通知3. enter into business relations ：建立业务关系4. catalogue 'ktl:g：目录5. for your reference ：供您参考6. specific inquiry：具体询价7. promptly prmptli：立即8. representative repri'zenttiv：代表9. chamber 'teimb of commerce 'km:s：商会10. specialize'spelaiz专攻;专门从事in：专营11. on the bases'beisi:z of equality i:'kwliti and mutual'mju:tul benefit'benifit：在平等互利的基础上12. pamphlet'pmflit：小册子They issued a pamphlet concerning kn's:ni the worsening environment in'vairnmnt.他们出了一本有关环境恶化的小册子;13. a range of 一套14. make offers 报价15. import and export corporation 进出口公司16. silk 丝绸17. cotton piece goods 棉布18. blouse blauz：女衬衫19. be of the latest style 最新式样20. financial fai'nnl position 财务状况21. trade reputation 贸易声誉22. on display 展出23. woolen'wulin knitwear 'nit,w：毛织品24. garment'gɑ:mnt：服装25. meet with great favor赞成,赞同：受欢迎26. credit standing 信用地位/信誉情况/商业信誉27. state-operated 'preitid国营的28. currency'k:rnsi, Chinese currency, British currency 货币,中国货币,英国货币29. investment 投资30. a long-term investment 长期投资31. a profitable'prfitbl investment 有利可得的投资32. a safe and sure investment 安全可靠的投资33. a heavy investment 巨额投资34. investment intent in'tent投资意向35. investment partner 投资伙伴36. direct investment 直接投资37. investment environment in'vairnmnt 投资环境38. investor 投资者39. enterprise 企业,公司,事业40. joint venture enterprise 合资企业41. cooperative ku'prtiv enterprise 合作企业42. exclusively foreign-owned enterprise 外商独资企业43. state-owned enterprise 国营企业44. collectively-owned enterprise 集体企业45. individually,indi'vidjuli owned enterprise 个体企业第三期: inquiry 询盘1. general inquiry 一般询盘2. specific inquiry 具体询盘3. dealer'di:l商人4. quotation kwu'tein报价5. sales department 销售部6. purchase'p:ts购买7. enquiry 询价8. quote kwut开价9. sample'smpl样品10. a long-term contract长期合同11. discount'diskaunt折扣12. grant grɑ:nt批准13. to make an inquiry for sth对某物询价14. to keep the inquiry on file 把询价记录在卷15. to inquiry for sth对某物询价16. to inquiry about sth询问某事17. process'pruses 加工18. guarantee,grn'ti:, guarantor,grn't:保证, 保证人19. delivery di'livri交货20. port of delivery 交货港21. time of delivery 交货期22. prompt prmpt delivery 即期交货23. to effect delivery 办理交货24. to make delivery 办理交货25. to postpone pust'pun delivery 推迟交货26. to deliver sth to sb 把某物交付给某人27. shipment 装船28. to make shipment 装船29. to receive shipment 接货30. partial 'pɑ:l部分的,局部的;不完全的 shipment 分批装船31. prompt shipment 即期装运32. time of shipment 装运期33. offer 报盘/报价34. a firm offer 实盘35. a counter offer 还盘36. to accept an offer 接受报盘37. to extend an offer 延长报盘38. to renew an offer 更新报盘39. to withdraw wie'dr: an offer 撤消报盘40. the validity v'liditi of an offer 报盘有效期41. to make an offer 报价42. to offer firm 报实盘43. to offer subject to以…为条件,以…为准final'fainl confirmation 报盘以最后确认为准44. specialize in 专门经营第四期:Counter offer 还盘1. counter offer 还盘2. enjoy great popularity 享有盛誉3. ready seller; quick seller; quick-selling product 畅销品4. conclude business with sb. 与某人达成交易5. close business, close a deal , close a transaction, close a bargain 达成交易6. trade terms 贸易条件7. trade agreement 贸易协定8. trade fair 交易会9. trade mark 商标10. foreign trade对外贸易11 trade in sth 经营某物12. trade with sb.与某人交易13. favourable price 优惠价格14. favourable terms 优惠条件15. quotation 行情16. discount quotation 贴现行情17. exchange rate quotation外汇行情18. commission 佣金19. a commission of....%; ....% commission.百分之几佣金20. your ..% commission你的百分之几佣金21. The above price includes your commission of 2%.上述价格包括你方2%佣金.22. general practice 惯例23. accept an order 接受订单24. cancel an order 撤消订单25. confirm an order 确认订单26. execute an order 履行订单27. a back order 尚未执行的订单28. a fresh order 新订单29. a repeat order 续订订单第五期:Quantity 数量1. weight重量2. metric ton公吨3. long ton长吨4. short ton短吨5. kilogram, kilo, kg公斤6. pound, lb磅7. ounce, oz盎司8. number个数9. piece件10. pair双11 dozen打12. ream令13. set套14. length长度15. area面积16. volume体积17. cubic meter立方米18. capacity容积19. litre升20. gallon加仑21. bushel蒲式耳22. metric system公制23. british system英制25. gross weight毛重26. net weight净重27. shipping weight装运重量28. landed weight卸货重量29. theoretical weight理论重量第六期: Packing 包装1. packaging 包装方法2. blister packing起泡包装3. neutral packing中性包装4. skin packing吸塑包装5. hanging packing挂式包装6. catch sb's eye引某人注目7. mark唛头8. unlabelled packing无牌的包装9. in bulk散装10. in loose packing散装11 nude packing裸装12. bulk pack整批包装13. consumer pack零售包装14. large packing大包装15. inner packing, external packing, end packing 小包装16. shrunk packaging, 压缩包装17. foam-spary packaging喷泡沫包装18. gift-wrap礼品包装19. bag, sack袋20. jute bag麻袋21. polythelene bag, plastic bag塑料袋22. polythelene net尼龙绳网袋23. zippered bag拉链袋24. case, chest箱25. box 盒26. wooden case木箱27. carton纸箱28. container集装箱29. rate板条箱30. fibre board case纤维板箱第七期: Packing二包装1. packet 小包2. bale包3. bundle捆4. tin , can罐头5. basket篮,篓,筐6. bamboo basket竹篓7. bottle瓶8. wooden keg小木桶9. hogshead大桶10. iron drum铁桶11 cylinder铁桶12. barrel琵琶桶13. drum圆桶14. waterproof paper防水纸15. cellophone玻璃纸16. kraftpaper牛皮纸17. canvas帆布18. fibreboard纤维板19. nylon strap尼龙腰子20. plastic strap塑料腰子21. adhesive tape胶带22. stuffing material填料23. nylon plastic尼龙丝24. fermented plastic泡沫塑料25. paper scrap纸屑26. saw dust木屑27. tar paper沥青纸28. wax paper蜡纸29. slushing compound润滑油30. tarpaulin油布、防水帆布第八期:Shipment 装运1. backlog积压而未交付的订货2. terms of shipment装运条件3. prepare goods备货4. load装货5. unload卸货6. board木板,板,船舷7. on board在船或车、飞机上8. steamer轮船9. space of a steamer舱位10. shipping department运输部门11 liner班轮,班机12. book up票、车位、舱位等订完13. tranship转运14. transhipment转载15. Force Majeure人力不可抗力16. European Main Ports --EMPs欧洲主要口岸17. vessel船；飞船；飞机18. the first available vessel第一艘可订到的船19. call at停泊20. duly 按期地,按时的第九期: Price 价格1. Price terms 价格条件2. bargain 讨价还价3. currency 货币4. on the low side 价格偏低5. market price 市场价6. current price 现行价7. floor price 底价8. make a bargain with sb 与某人成交9. drive a hard bargain over sth. 为某事拼命讨价还价10. a bargain sale 廉价出售11. rock-bottom price 最低价12. 船上交货14. CFR 成本加运费价。
外贸英语函电知识整理
千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电知识整理外贸英语函电是外贸交流中常用的一种交流方式，能够准确、简洁地传达信息。
下面整理了外贸英语函电的相关知识，以帮助我们更好地使用外贸英语函电进行交流。
1. 函电的基本格式外贸英语函电通常包含以下几个部分：信头（Letterhead）、日期（Date）、收信人（Inside Address）、称呼（Salutation）、正文（Body）、结束语（Complimentary Close）、签名（Signature）等。
2. 写作风格外贸英语函电的写作风格需要简洁明了、准确规范。
应避免使用复杂的句子和词语，尽量使用简单明了的英语表达。
3. 称呼的使用在函电中，我们需要正确使用称呼来称呼收信人。
如果知道收信人的名字，可以使用尊称加姓氏来称呼。
如果不知道收信人的名字，可以使用尊称加姓氏的缩写来称呼。
4. 信头的设计信头是函电的头部，包含公司名称、地址、电话、传真等联系方式。
信头的设计需要注明发信人的联系方式，方便收信人与发信人联系。
5. 正文的写作在正文中，我们需要清楚地表达自己的意图或请求。
可以用简洁明了的语言来陈述问题，并提供相关的信息和细节。
第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。
6. 结束语的选择结束语是函电的结尾部分，用来表示自己的祝愿或感谢。
可以根据具体情况选择合适的结束语，如“Yours sincerely”、“Best regards”等。
7. 运用缩写在外贸英语函电中，我们可以使用一些常见的缩写来简化表达。
常见的缩写有：ASAP（As Soon As Possible，尽快）、FAX（Facsimile，传真）等。
8. 阅读函电的技巧阅读外贸英语函电时，我们可以根据函电的结构和语言特点来理解函电的意思。
首先，应该仔细阅读信头和日期，了解发信人和发信时间。
然后，读取收信人和称呼部分，了解函电的收信人。
接下来，仔细阅读正文，了解发信人所表达的意图和请求。
最后，阅读结束语和签名，了解发信人的态度和祝愿。
外贸函电重点归纳
外贸函电自学考试重要知识点归纳一：重要短语1、有意购买be in the market for2、设法去做某事see one’s way(clear)to do sth3、务必see to it that4、能够做某事be in a position to do sth5、告知某人某事inform/advise sb of sthinform/advise sb that随时告知keep sb inform ed/advised/posted of sth6、收到be in receipt of一收到，就upon receipt of7、因为（后加短语）due toBecause ofOwing to（后加句子）as since because8、向---保证（后加短语）assure sb of（后加句子）assure sb that请---放心please rest(be) assured9、在你方市场In your market in your areaAt your end on your side9、到达你处reach you11、一式两份in duplicate一式三份in triplicate一式四份in four copies12、按照你方要求（多种表示）at your requestAs request edComply with your request13 尽早（多种表示）At an early dateat your earliest conveniencewithout delayWithout failwith the least possible delayAs soon as possible14、有存货没有存货可供现货Have sth in stockSth be available from stockShip/send/supply sth from stock15 参考、参阅、谈及、向—查询refer to16、付款条件payment terms/terms of payment17、在—基础上on –basis18、因—感谢某人Be grateful to sb for sthBe obliged to sb15.在此方面in this respect16.与—联系Contact sbmake contact with sbGet in touch with sbbe in contact with sb21．与—有很好关系be on good terms with sbBe well connected with sb 22、随函附寄Enclose is /are---We are enclosing sthEnclosed please find-23、至于、关于in regard toin regard ofwith regard toRegardingas regard sas toAs forWith reference toReferring to24相关信用证covering L/CRelative L/C25 名词+for 结构中的名称有哪些？Inquiry/enquiryOfferBidQuotationCounter-offer +for 商品In the marketOrder26、以attention 构成的短语有哪些？提醒某人注意Call/draw/invite one’s attention to sthCall/draw/invite one’s attention to the factthat--得到某人的办理sth/get receive one’s---attention某人办理某事sb give ---attention to sth转交某人处理pass on sth to sb for atttention 27. 达成交易（多种表达）conclude the business/transactionclose a dealput though a dealcome to terms28 建立业务关系Establish/enter into business relations with sb29 经营—商品（多种表达）Sth fall/come/lie within the scope of business activitiessb handlespecialize inbe specialized indeal intrade inbe in----line30、和—相符in line withIn compliance withIn conformity withIn agreement withConform toComply withAgree with和---不相符out of line with31、鉴于我们长久的业务关系in view of our long standing business relations32、价格偏高on the high sideOut of line with the market level33 按惯常条款on usual terms34 标题货物captioned goodssubject goods35 由---运来ex 由---运出per 由---承运by36 以便我们能够so that we can do sthSo as to enable us to do sth-----thus enabling us to do sth37、装上船sth be loaded on board S.S””38、费用由某人承担For one’s accountAt one’s cost/expense/chargeSb bear ------be borne by sth39、某人承担不好后果Be (held)responsible forBe liable for sth40、某人负责---工作Be in charge of41 ---备妥待运be ready for shipment---包装好，准备装运be packed ready for shipment42 寄售on consignment43 继---之后further to44 现答复in reply to45 分两批装运by ---statementIn ---lotsIn ---installments46 提货take delivery of47 交货make/effect delivery of =deliver sth48 装运make/effect shipment=ship sth49 由买方选择at one’s option50让某人熟悉acquaint sb with51 对信用证的修改amendment to the L/C52、与---订舱book shipping space with sb onS.S””53、次品defective goods54、装船通知shipping advice55 装船指令shipping instruction56 转船transshipment 分批装运partial shipment57 动词后加ing的动词有哪些？Confirm having doneSubject toAppreciateRegretresume58 付款交单D/P documents against payment承兑交单D/A documents against acceptance 59 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证confirm irrevocable L/C60 即期信用证L/C(available/payable by draft)atsightSight L/C61 60天的远期信用证L/C at 60 days sight62 运费到付freight collectfreight to be paidfreight unpaid运费预付freight prepaid64完好in good condition65在运输途中in transitDuring transit66就-----达成协议Reach/enter into agreement on sth 67承兑汇票honor the draft68质量良好of high quality69延迟交货delay in shipment70急需be in urgent need of71供某人参考for one’s reference/consideration72Agree 的用法Agree with sbAgree to sth73Be acceptable to sbBe of interest to sbBe agreeable to sb74under 的用法4000 dozen Shirts under our S/C NO.123under separate cover =by separate mailUnder Article 12Under instruction from our Head Officeunder advice to us75damage to the goods76开汇票draw a draft on sb .for---（向某人索取若干金额的汇票）二：重要句型1、开立信用证Open/establish/issue an L/Cwith/through/by+银行covering+商品for/for the amount of/amounting to/to the extent of+金额in+币种in one’s favor2、保险cover/effect insurance on+所保的货物against+险别for+保额at+保险费或保险费率with +保险公司3、投诉complain to/against sb of/about sth4、索赔lodge/file/register/raise a claim against/with sb on-某物-for—原因-for—金额5、包装用语Men’s shirts are packed in wooden casesof 10 dozen each.Nylon Socks are packed in wooden cases, each containing 50 dozen.Folding chairs are packed 2 pieces to a carton.Each pair of Nylon Socks is packed in a polybag and 12 pairs to a box.6、Should +主+动词原形7、向某人订购某商品Place an order with sb for sth 向---订舱book shipping space with sb onS.S ““8、如果---，我们将非常感激we should/shall appreciate it if you will/would do sthAppreciate (one’s)doing sth9、有效期规定的句型Be forKeep valid/good/open/firmremain until10、修改信用证为允许分批装运和转船please amend the covering credit to allow partial shipment and transshipment三：必须记住的句子1、As this item falls within the scope of ourbusiness activities, we shall be pleased to enter into direct business relation s with you.2、We shall appreciate it very much if youcan quote us your lowest price CIF Lagos for 1000 pieces Bicycles for October shipment.3、We take pleasure in making you a specialofferSubject to our final confirmation, as followsSubject to your reply reaching herebefore March 284payment is to be made by confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight to be opened 30 days before the time of shipment5please offer us 50 long tons of the captioned goods at stg.236 per long ton CFR Shanghai, usual terms.6We are arranging to ship it by S.S “East Wind”sailing from Shanghai to London on or about 10th May7Should this be so, please amend the covering credit to allow partial shipment and transshipment ,under advice to us8Your close cooperation in this respect will be highly appreciated9We have just received the survey report from the Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau evidencing the short weight of 1540 ibs10The users are in urgent need of the machines contracted and are in fact pressing us for assurance of an early delivery11We trust the above shipment will reach you in sound condition and expect to receive your further orders before long12In order to avoid subsequent amendments, please see to it that the L/C stipulations are in exact accordance with the terms of the contract13We hope this matter will not affect our good relations in our future dealings14We very much regret that we are not in a position to supply you enamelware direct, as we are already represented by ---for the sales of this commodity in your district15On perusal ,we find that transshipment and partial shipment are not allowed, please amend the L/C to read”“16We trust you will extend the shipment date of your L/C to May 15 and validity to May 30, thus enabling us to effect shipment of the goods in question17We wish to draw your attention to the fact that the date of delivery is approaching ,butwe still have not received your covering letter of credit18We are in receipt of your letter of March 8, contents of which have been noted19In reply, we very much regret to say that our end-users have found your price too high and out of line with the prevailing market level20We note from your letter of May 30 that the price offered by us for the subject article is found to be on the high side21We are arranging to send you 156 pens to replace the unsold balance 150. please return them to us by the first available steamer, carriage forward22Much to our regret, we cannot at present entertain any fresh orders for Tiantan Brand Men’s shirts, owing to heavy commitments 23The L/C expires on 20th August24We feel it our duty to remind you of this matter25We would like to emphasize that any delay inshipping our order will undoubtedly involve us in no small difficulty26Generally we cover insurance WPA and War Risk in the absence of definite instructions from our clients27It is our sincere hope that we can enlarge the business in these lines to our mutual benefit.。
国际商务函电知识点总结
国际商务函电知识点总结国际商务函电是指在国际贸易中，通过书面形式进行商务沟通的方式。
它是国际商务往来过程中非常重要的一部分，能够有效地促进交易双方之间的沟通和合作。
因此，掌握国际商务函电的写作技巧和注意事项对于开展国际贸易业务具有重要意义。
本文将从函电的形式、内容、语言、文化差异等方面对国际商务函电的知识点进行总结。
一、国际商务函电的形式国际商务函电包括信函、电报、传真、电子邮件等形式。
不同形式的函电在国际贸易中有着不同的应用场合和特点。
1. 信函在国际贸易中，书面信函是最常见的一种形式。
信函主要分为正式函件和非正式函件两种。
正式函件一般采用正式的格式，包括抬头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等内容；而非正式函件则可以更加灵活，不受严格的格式限制。
在国际商务中，信函通常被用于正式的商务文件、往来函件、邀请函、介绍函等。
2. 电报电报是一种通过电信网络进行传输的书面通讯方式。
在国际贸易中，由于它的快速和安全性，电报常常被用于紧急情况下的通讯，如订单变更、紧急交易通知等。
然而，由于电报收发需要特殊设备和条件，所以在现代国际贸易中已经逐渐被其他电子通讯方式所取代。
3. 传真传真是一种通过电话线传输图片和文本的通讯方式。
在国际贸易中，传真可以用于发送合同、证件、报价单等文件，它能够快速传输文件并保障文件的完整性，但由于传真机的使用需要专门的设备，因此在现代国际贸易中也越来越少被使用。
4. 电子邮件电子邮件是目前国际商务中最常见的书面通讯方式。
它的使用方便、快捷、成本低廉，能够发送文本、图片、文件等不同形式的信息，因此在国际贸易中得到了广泛的应用。
电子邮件一般可以用于下订单、询价、报价、合同讨论等各种商务事务。
二、国际商务函电的内容国际商务函电的内容应该包括函电的开头、正文和结束语等部分。
1. 函电的开头函电的开头应当包括日期、抬头、称呼等内容，可以根据不同的正式或非正式通讯形式适当调整。
日期：在写信的时候，务必注意写明日期。
(完整word版)商务函电笔记整理
商务函电笔记整理（仅供参考）第一章函电1.7C原则：completeness完整性, concreteness具体,clearness/clarity清晰,conciseness简明,courtesy礼貌,consideration, correctness.2.美式日期：Month-day-year 英式日期：Day-month-year3. 12个信函要件：letterhead, reference number, date, inside address, salutation, subject heading/caption, body of the letter, complimentary close, signature, enclose（Encl./Enc.）, carbon copy（c.c.）, postscript4.称呼语——结尾谦语Dear Sirs/Madam——Yours faithfullyDear sir or Madam/Gentlemen——Yours trulyDear Mr. Henry——Yours sincerely/lovingly/affectionately5.信函格式（详见P9-P13）缩行式Indented Style:封内地址和其需要分行的地方的后一行都比前一行缩进，正文每一段开始一行都缩进。
平头式Block Style:打字机打上去的每一行字包括日期、封内地址、事由和结尾礼词都从左边空白边缘打起。
改良平头式Modified Block Style:除了日期、结尾礼词、签名位于中间靠右，其他部分每行开头都与左边空白边缘看齐。
混合式Semiblock Style with Indented Paragraphs: 日期、结尾礼词、签名中间靠右，封内地址平头，正文每一段开始行缩进。
6.信封写法缩进式：收信人地址从三分之一处向右写，寄信人地址位于左上角，邮票贴在右上角平头式：收信人地址从二分之一往右写，寄信人地址位于左上角，邮票贴在右上角7.常用句式p22-p24第二章建交函1.如何得到客户信息Website, exhibition and trade fair, trade directory, banks, advertisements, market survey, chambers of commerce商业行会, trade delegation and group, commercial counsellor’s office商务参赞处2.信函建交步骤The source of information——the purpose of writing the letter ——little advertising your company——your hope of cooperation and early reply3.建立贸易关系考虑因素Business policy and customary practice, political and economic stability, diplomatic relations with your country, culture and interests of potential buyers, geographic conditions, natural environment（climate）4.相关要点Many thanks for your letter/ favor/communication/correspondence of March 5,2016 regarding/concerning/referring to …Inform/notify/advise sb of/thatTake the liberty of 冒昧地Contact/approach/get in touch withItem=article=productScope=sphere=range=frame在某处in one’s place/area/district/region=at one’s end=on one’s side有意购买，有兴趣be in the market for=have/take interest in=be of interest to属于我们的经营范围内fall/lie/be within the scope/sphere/range/frame of our business activityCome under the scope of our trade activity合时宜的in line 不合时宜的out of line按照Be in line/agreement/conformity/compliance/keeping withEnclosed please find=please find enclosed= we are enclosing here with坚持adhere toExchange of needed goods互通有无By/through joint/mutual/collective efforts 共同努力To be only/but/all/ready too pleased/glad to do 十分乐于做某事Handle/trade/specialize in 主营There is nothing available/suppliable/exportable/obtainable at presentWith a view to/in the hope of/hoping that鉴于，目的是Be indebted/obliged/appreciated/grateful to sb for sth 感激某人做某事Owe to 把…归功于For your examination/study/information/reference/perusal/consideration供参考Be in a position to 能够做..第三章询价函1.内容Name of commodity, discount, quality, quantity, packing method, time of shipment, specification, terms of payment, price2.相关要点Fair/reasonable/moderate/rational price 合理价格Advanced/appreciated price 上涨价格Dealer/merchant/businessman/trader 商人we can allow/give/make/grant the discount打折at a discount 折扣，不受欢迎成交make the deal=business is possible=come to terms/business=close a bargain/deal=put the deal through=give one’s hands on bargainReduce/cut/cut down/lower the price to…Shipping company=forwarding agentInvite/call/draw/direct one’s attention to提请某人注意In due/good time/course 及时的Present/prevailing/current price现价bedrock/bottom/floor price 最低价格favorable price 优惠价格maximum/minimum qualityby separate post =under separate cover另封prime/tip-top quality一流质量please be （rest）assured of/that 请放心，请确认in receipt of 收到state-operated 国营out of season 不合时令fair average quality大路货take delivery 提货customs entry 进口报关on request 一旦请求就.. on sale 上市，廉价出售第四章报盘1.报盘和报价：报价quotation常为虚盘，报盘offer是卖方或卖方愿意按提出的各项交易条件订立合同的意愿2.实盘：有有效期，有约束力虚盘：包含保留条款3.写作步骤：thanks for enquiry——specific offer——the validity otherwise a reservation clause ——hopes for an order（future cooperation）4.相关要点Open/issue/establish an L/C 开具信用证Relative/relevant/concerning L/CS.S=steam ship M.V=motor vesselIn sb’s favor 以…为受益人Comply with=in compliance with 依照，符合Draw a draft on sb for..向某人索取若干金额的汇票In/Ready stock 现货out of stock 缺货In/on hand 手头上（现有）On or before 到某日In reply 此复Avail oneself of 利用机会…Take pleasure in 高兴做Brisk demand 旺盛的需求be subject to 以…为准trial order 试订货第五章还盘1.定义：partial rejection, also a new offer2.写作步骤Thanks for the offer and state attitude——regret at inability to accept and explain why——counter-offer——hope for prompt reply3.相关要点Price is on the rise/rather stiff/excessive/prohibitive/a bit high/on the high side 价格高To make a concession to sb 对某人让步Cope with 应付Minimum quantity最低起订量At one’s earliest convenience 尽早On/under/according to usual terms 通常条件下At your level/price 按照你方价格In view of = considering 鉴于See one’s way （clear）to do sth 设法做某事For account of 为…，受….委托for sb’s account=for the account of sb 由某人负担On account of 由于on one’s own account 为自己的利益account for 占比例，解释Make an exception of 对…破例with the exception of 除..外第六章接受1.销售合同：heading(title, number of contract, time and place),body(duties, obligation), ending2.HeadTitle: 注明original/copy, purchase/sale/lease/shipping contractNumber of contract: 由年份、公司代码、部门代号等构成Time: 美国月份在前，英国日期在前，月份可缩写但要用英语大写Place of signature买卖双方的名称、地址、联系方式序言（对合同的描述）3.bodyShipping mark, guarantee of quality, inspection and claims, late delivery and penalty4.end有效日期，所遵守法律，双方签名，合同的备注部分5.相关要点Counter-signature 会签Bridge/bridge over/close the gap 弥合差距Subsequent to在…之后prior/previous to 在….之前Order sheet=indent 订单Effect/make/spread shipment 发货Place/book an order with sb for sthOn condition that=provided that=if 如果For file 以存档execute order=carry out orderExpedite=speed upPlease act with dispatch 请抓紧Cover against All Risks投保一切险Lot=parcel 一批货in duplicate 一式两份With the view of/to 以…为目的Make out缮制mark down 记下conclusion of a deal 成交PS：后面的单元没有做多少笔记，主要以书上的注释为主，建议大家以课后习题和注释复习，每种函电背一些开头结尾常用句式之类的，时间比较紧只能整理到这里了，比较粗糙希望大家不介意，祝过~。
词汇、函电内容要点及重点句型
建交函的写作要点：rmation source信息来源；your intention写作目的2.self-introduction of your firm and introduction of your products企业概况，产品介绍注：切记长篇大论，突出优势亮点3.Exporter: enclose a catalogue, a pricelist. 发目录必不可少Imported：Request for catalogues, samples4.expect an early reply建交函的重点句型：1.We have your name and address from XXX and learn that…我们从XXX得到您的姓名及地址并得知…2.We learn from XXX that …我们从XXX得知…3.Through the courtesy(=introduction) of XXX, we learn that…经由XXX介绍，我们得知（×）4.Your company has been introduced/ recommended to us by Citi Bank, New York Branch asbuyers of Chinese sewing machines.我们从花旗银行纽约分行得知你公司欲购缝纫机。
5.We introduce ourselves as…Unit 3 Status Enquiry资信调查函的写作要点：1.Who& Why（reasons for the enquiry）2.What( information requires)3.Express your appreciation and your assurance of treating the information as strictlyconfidential.Unit 4 Enquiries and Replies具体询盘的写作要点：1.Express thanks for the catalogue/ leaflet that has been sent to you.2.State the specific items you are interested in, invite the seller to make an offer3.State the possibility of placing an order.Unit5 Offer发盘信（回复性发盘）的主要内容：1.Thanks for the enquiry2.Details of the offer3.Nature of the offer4.Persuasive sentences（可省略）5.Expectations报盘引导句句型：1.根据你方的要求，现报盘如下In reply to your enquiry/ Based on your requirement/ At your request, we now offer as follows. 2.我方很高兴报价如下We are pleased to make an offer as follows/ We take pleasure in offering you as follows/ We have pleasure in making you an offer as followsUnit 6 Counter-offer还盘函的写作要点1.Begin your letter by expressing your thanks for the offer.2.Tell the reader what terms of offer you are happy with.（根据实际情况可省略）3.Indicate what terms are unacceptable and explain why. Try to persuade the reader with facts.4.Tell the reader what to do. Suggest how the deal could be concluded.5.End your counter-offer letters positively. Express your hope for a favorable reply.还价信重点句型1.开头：Thank you for your offer for… , we have considered your price very carefully.2.What: In reply, we wish to say that all other terms are acceptable except that your price is onthe high side.价格高的几种表达法：偏高：The price appears on the high side.太高了以致于我方无法接受：The price is too high to be acceptable.太高了以致于无法交易：The price is too high to conclude a deal.3.Why:你方的价格：a.脱离我处的现行市场行情：Your price is out of line with current market price.b.与其他供货商的价格相比偏高：Your price appears on the high side as compared withthose of other suppliers.c.比日本货高出10%：Your price is 10% higher those of Japanese-made.d.比上次交易高出5%：Your price is 15% higher than that of last deal.按此价格很难说服我方客户购买你方产品：At this price, it is difficult for us to persuade our clients to buy your products.按此价格我们很难推销你的产品：At this price, it is difficult for us to promote your goods.接受你方价格对我们来说是巨大的损失，更不要说利润了：To accept your price would mean a heavy loss to us, not to speak of profit.成交函的写法1.确认订单2.寄送销售确认书3.我方关心的事4.对方关心的事5.希望合作愉快Unit 8 Terms of Payment一、催证函的内容要点1. 信用证特定化（点名合同号）what2. 现状why1) 货物备妥待运2) 船期临近3) 信用证延迟开到3. 解决方案二、改证函内容要点：第一段：感谢对方的来证Thank you for your L/C No. V A001 issued by the Standard Charter Bank, Liverpool, which reached us yesterday.第二段：列明不符点，并说明如何修改仔细审核信用证后，我们发现信用证有些条款与合同条款不符，现将不符点罗列如下：On going through the L/C, we have found some clauses which do not conform to those of S/C. We now list the discrepancies as follows.罗列不符点句式：Should be … not…Should be … instead of…Please delete the clause “…”Add the wording “…”Insert the word “…” before …Amend…to…Extend…to…第三段：希望信用证修改书早日开到（时限），以便按时发货请相应修改信用证，并将信用证修改书早日开到，以便我方及时发货。
外贸英语函电重点总结
《外贸英语函电》重点总结—zxm目录一贸易伙伴信息来源 (2)二写信原则 (2)三函电基本格式 (2)四运输包装的种类 (3)五保险 (3)六Complaints and Claims（索赔和理赔） (4)七相关词汇 (4)一贸易伙伴信息来源●FOB论坛、商务部、参赞处二写信原则●清晰clearness●简洁conciseness●礼貌courtesy三函电基本格式3 四运输包装的种类五保险● 保险当事人（Parties Involved ）Insured 被保险人、Applicant 投保人、Insurance broker 保险经纪人、 Insurer 保险人、Insurance agent 保险代理人● 集众人之财，救一人之难● Insurance ——amount 保额 policy 保单 cover 保险 premium 保费 company 保险公司● 平安险FPA 水渍险WPA 一切险All risks PICC 中国人民保险公司六Complaints and Claims（索赔和理赔）七相关词汇→Enclose V 装入、随函附上I enclose two tickets along with the letter.→Bill Gates 向明郑Bill is the first name. Gates is the second name. If you call him his first name, it means you have a good relation.→Status enquires 资信调查banker’s reference 资信证明enquiry——offer——counter--offer——acceptanceCredit standing 信用状况standing credit 固定额度贷款→Pro Forma Invoice 形式发票Commercial Invoice 商业发票Banker’s Invoice 银行发票实盘：买方一旦同意，合同即告成立→Order letter 订单信函S/C Sales of confirmation 合同确认书P/O Pro Forma InvoiceDrawer 出票人payer 付款人holder 持票人IOU 本票orI own you.→Urging Establishment of L/C（催证函）核心句：Sales Contract No.123 Goods are ready. Please rush to open therelevant L/C.5。
外贸函电术语总结
1.交货期delivery date2.报实盘firm offer3.最新价目表the latest price list4.市场需求market demand5.凭单付现cash against documents(CAD)6.修改信用证amendment to L/C7.销售确认书sales confirmation8.现货stock in hand9.撤销一项发盘 to revoke an offer10.远期付款交单documents against payment after sight (date)11.加速开立信用证Accelerate opening l/c12.商业发票mercial invoice13.新货源new goods source14.立即装运immediate shipment15.用集装箱装运shipment in containers16.还盘counteroffer17.长期业务关系longterm business relation18.防潮包装dampproof packing19.小心轻放handle with care20.起运港port of shipment21.已装船清洁海运提单 clean on board ocean B/L22.底价base price或者lowest price23.分批装船partial shipment24.水渍险WPA (with particular average)25.保险单policy of insurance1.FCL整箱货;整柜装箱装载(full container load)2.CIF到岸价;成本、保险费加运费(cost insurance and freight)3.FOB离岸价;装运港船上交货(free on board)Abandonment委托Acceptance接受(发盘)承兑(汇票)Account账户Actual totle loss实际全损Advance(payment)预付,定金,垫款Advanced bill of lading预借提单Advertisement广告Advice of drawing汇票通知书Advising bank通知行After date出票后After sight见票后Agency代理Agreement协定,协议Airmail航空邮寄All risks一切险,综合险Allowance津贴,折扣Amendment to an L\CAntidated bill of lading倒签提单Anti—dumping反倾销Applicant开证申请人Arbitral award仲裁裁决Arbitration institute仲裁机构Article商品,项目,条款Assured被保险人Assurer承包人Auction拍卖Back to back L\C背对背信用证Balance of trade 贸易平衡,贸易差额Bank draft 银行汇票Banker’acceptance bill 银行承兑汇票Barter trade 易货贸易Bearer持有人,持票人Beneficiary受益人Bill of exchange 汇票Bill of lading 提单Blank endorsement 空白背书Bana fide holder 善意持有人,正当持有人Booming season 旺季Brand 牌号,牌名,牌子Brochure小册子Broker 经纪人Bulk cargo 散装货Business license 营业执照Businessstanding 商业信用情况Buye r’sample 买房样品Carrier 承运人Cash against document 交单付款,凭单付款Cash on deliver 交货付现,货到付款Catalogue 商品目录Certificate of origin 原产地证书Chamber of merce 商会Charter a vessel 租房Check 支票Circular 通函Claim 索赔Clean bill 光票Collecting bank 托收行Collection 托收bined certificate 联合凭证mercial draft 商业汇票mission 佣金,手续费mision agent 佣金代理modity 商品Confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证Confirming bank 保兑行Consignee收货人Consignment 交运得一批货物Consignor发货人Consular invoice 领事发票Contract 合同Container 集装箱Counter offer 还盘Counter sample 对等样品,回样Countersign 回签,副署,连署Cover 保险Credit 信用,贷款,信贷,贷方Current account 往来账户,经常账户Current price 市价,时价Customs declaration 报关Date of expiry 到期日Debit 借方Deck cargo 甲板货Deferred payment 延期付款Delivery 交货Demand draft 票汇,即期汇票Direct bill of lading 直运提单,直达提单Discharging fee 卸货费Dishonor 拒付Dividend 股息,红利Divisible letter of credit 可分割信用证Documentary letter of credit 跟单信用证Documents against acceptance 付款交单Documents against payment 承兑交单Door to door service 门到门服务Double insurance 双重保险Draft 汇票Drawee 受票人Drawer 出票人,付款人Due date 到期日Dumping 倾销Duplicate sample复样Endorsement 背书Enquiry 询盘,询价Exchange control 外汇管制Exchange rate 外汇率Exchange settlement 结汇,外汇结算Exchange 交易所Excursion 展延Exclusive sales 包销Fair交易会Faulty packing 不良包装Firm offer 实盘Foreign exchange 外汇Forwarding agent 发运代理,运输代理,运输行Foul bill of lading 不清洁提单Free from particular average 平安险Freight collect 运费到付Freight prepared 运费已付Freight ton 运费吨Freighter 货轮,货船Full set of bill of lading 全套提单Fundemental breach of contract 根本违反合同,根本违约General agent 总代理General average 共同海损Gross loss 毛重Illustrated catalogue 图解目录,插图目录Import license 进口许可证In bulk 散装In triplicate 一式三份Ine tax 所得税Incorporated pany 股份有限公司Inner packing 内包装Inspection certificate 商检证书Insurance interest 保险利益,可保利益Insurance certificate 保险凭证,小保单Insurance policy 保险单,大保单Insurance 保险Insured amount 保险金额Insured 被保险人,保户Insurer 承保人Intensive distribution 集约型经销Interest rate 利率Invoice 发票Irrevocable letter of credit不可撤销信用证Opening bank 开证行Label 标签Letter of credit 信用证Letter of guarantee 保证函Liability 责任,义务,债务,负债Limited pany 有限公司Loading fee 装船费Long form bill of lading 全式提单Mail transfer 信汇Managing director 总经理Margin 利润,保证金,定金,押金Marine loss 海损Mate’receipt 大副收据Maturity 到期More or less clause 溢短装条款Most favoured nation treatment 最惠国待遇Multi modal transport 多式联运Negotiating bank 议付行Nagotiation 议付Net weight 净重Neutral packing 中性包装Nonfirm offer 虚盘Notary public 公证人Notice of cargo readiness 转载准备完成通知,备船通知Notify party 受通知人 ,到货联系人Nude cargo 裸装货Ocean bill of lading 海运提单Offer 发盘,报盘On board bill of lading 已装船提单On deck bill of lading 舱面提单Open bill of lading 不记名提单Open policy 开口保险单,预约保险单Order bill of lading 指示提单Original 正本Outer packing 外包装Packed cargo 包装货Packing list 包装单Partial shipment 分批装运Particular average 单独海损Patent 专利Pattern 式样Pay by installments分期付款Payee 收款人Payer 付款人Paying bank 付款行,汇出行Performance bond 履约保证书Premium 保险费Presentation 提示Principal托收人,委托人Proforma invoice 形式发票Promissory note 本票,期票Quality certificate品质保证书Quota 配额Quotation 报价Receipt 收据Received for shipment B\L备用提单Reciproca letter of credit 对开信用证Red clause letter of credit 红条款信用证Reimbursing bank偿付银行,清偿银行Remit 汇付,汇出Remitting bank 托收行Retail price 零售价Revocable letter of credit 可撤销信用证Revolving letter of credit 循环信用证Ruling price 市价,时价,现价Sailing date 启航日期Sales packing 销售包装Sample 样品Selective distribution 选择性分配Seller’ sample 买房样品Selling season 销售旺季Settlement 清算,结算,结账Shipper 发货人Shipping advice 装船通知Shipping document 货运单据Shipping instruction 装船须知Shipping mark 唛头,运输标志Shipping order 下装货单,装货单Short form bill of lading 简式提单Shortland memo 短卸证明书Standby letter of credit 备用信用证Sight draft 即期汇票Sole agent 独家代理Stale bill of lading 过期提单Standing信用情况Straight bill of lading 记名提单Survey report 公正报告,检验报告Tender 招标Tenor 期限,票据到期,欠债期限Test key 密押,密码Through bill of lading 联运提单,全程提单Time bill 期票,远期汇票,远期票据,定期汇票,定期票据Trade mark 商标Trade terms 贸易术语Transferable letter of credit 可装让信用证Transport packing 运输包装Transport bill of lading 转船提单Transshipment转船Trial order 试订单,试订货Unconfirmed letter of credit 未保兑信用证Usance bill 远期汇票Validity 有效性,有效期War risk 战争险Weight memo 重量单Wholesale批发With particular average 水渍险1.调节纠纷,纠纷调解,商业纠纷调解mediation of dispute2.目得港码头交货DEQ, Delivered Ex Quay3.自然力acts of God4.大陆桥,欧亚大陆桥continental bridge5.包销exclusive sales。
函电期末知识总结
函电期末知识总结您好！我是您本学期的学生，通过这封函电，我想对这学期所学的知识进行一个总结。
在这个学期里，我学到了许多关于函电的知识和技巧，我将通过以下几个方面进行总结：一、函电的基本知识首先，我们学习了函电的基本概念和类型。
函电是指使用书信形式进行沟通和交流的一种文体，它包括了各种各样的格式和类型，例如感谢信、道歉信、投诉信等。
我了解到每一种函电都有其独特的结构和用语要求，对于日常工作和生活中的沟通有着重要的作用。
二、函电的写作技巧其次，我学会了一些函电的写作技巧。
首先是要准确地把握写作的目的和受众，这样才能选择合适的语气和措辞。
其次是要注重函电的整体结构，内容要有条理性和逻辑性。
此外，还要注意语法和拼写错误，以保证函电的专业性和准确性。
在这一学期里，我通过反复练习和教师的指导，不断提高了自己的写作水平。
三、函电的格式要求在学习函电的过程中，我也了解到了函电有具体的格式要求。
比如，正式的商务函电通常包括信头、称呼、正文、落款、附件等部分。
了解这些格式要求，可以帮助我更好地组织写作内容，使函电更加规范和专业。
四、函电的礼仪和常用用语函电作为一种书面沟通形式，礼仪和用语的运用也非常重要。
在学习中，我了解到函电的礼貌和正式性要求的高标准。
因此，在写作函电时，我尽量使用礼貌的语气、感谢的措辞和客观的口吻。
另外，在学习中，我还学到了一些常用的商务用语，这些用语可以帮助我更好地与他人交流和沟通。
五、函电的审阅和修改最后，我还学习了函电的审阅和修改技巧。
在写完一封函电后，我会仔细阅读，并审查是否有错误或不恰当的表达。
如果发现需要修改的地方，我会根据教师的反馈和指导进行修改。
通过这样的练习和实践，我相信我已经提高了自己的函电写作能力。
总的来说，通过本学期的学习，我对函电的基本知识、写作技巧、格式要求、礼仪和常用用语，以及审阅和修改等方面都有了一定的了解和掌握。
这些知识和技巧为我今后的工作和生活中的函电沟通提供了重要的基础。
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总
千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总外贸英语函电是国际贸易中常用的一种交流方式，因此掌握一定的外贸英语函电知识对从事国际贸易工作的人员来说是十分重要的。
下面是一些常用的外贸英语函电知识点的汇总：1. 函电格式：外贸英语函电通常包括信头（Letterhead）、信头日期（Date）、收信人地址（Inside Address）、称谓（Salutation）、正文（Body）、结束语（Complimentary Close）、签名（Signature）等部分。
2. 函电语气：外贸英语函电通常使用正式的语气，避免使用俗语或口语化的表达方式。
同时，在表达内容时要注意客观、准确、简洁的原则。
3. 信头：外贸英语函电的信头通常包括公司名称、地址、联系方式等信息。
信头应该位于纸张的顶部，并使用大写字母。
通常，信头还包括公司的标志或徽标。
4. 日期：外贸英语函电的日期通常放在信头下方的左侧或右侧。
日期应该用阿拉伯数字表示，格式为“月/日/年”。
5. 收信人地址：外贸英语函电的收信人地址通常放在日期的下方，使用大写字母。
收信人地址的格式通常为：国家/地区、城市、街道、邮政编码等。
6. 称谓：外贸英语函电的称谓通常放在收信人地址的下方，使用尊称加上姓氏。
例如：Dear Mr. Smith。
第1页/共3页锲而不舍，金石可镂。
7. 正文：外贸英语函电的正文是信函的主要内容部分，应该包括明确的目的和要求。
正文应该使用简洁明了的句子，并避免使用复杂的术语和长篇大论的述述。
8. 结束语：外贸英语函电的结束语通常放在正文的下方，表示对收信人的问候和祝愿。
常见的结束语有：Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Best regards等。
9. 签名：外贸英语函电的签名通常放在结束语的下方，表示信函的发件人。
签名应该使用红色或蓝色的墨水，以示正式。
10. 附件：外贸英语函电如果有附件，应该在正文结束之后明确指出，并列出附件的名称和数量。
外贸英语函电知识整理
千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电知识整理外贸英语函电知识整理一、外贸英语函电概述外贸英语函电是指在国际贸易活动中，通过书信或者电子邮件等形式进行的交流和沟通。
函电的主要目的是传达信息、解决问题以及建立和维护商业关系。
二、函电的格式1. 头部：包括发件人的名称、地址、联系方式以及收件人的名称、地址、联系方式等。
2. 日期：标明函电的编写日期。
3. 称呼：以尊称的方式称呼收件人。
4. 正文：函电的主要内容。
5. 结尾：以诚挚的措辞进行问候，如“Yours sincerely”或“Best regards”等。
6. 签名：发件人签名并标明职位或职称。
三、函电的写作技巧1. 使用简练、清晰的语言，避免使用复杂的词汇和长句。
2. 注意函电的格式和排版，保持整洁、易读。
3. 重点突出，用粗体或斜体强调关键信息。
4. 结构清晰，按照逻辑顺序编写函电的正文。
5. 注意文化差异，根据收件人的国家和文化背景进行调整，避免产生误解或冒犯对方。
6. 根据不同的目的和内容，选择适当的函电形式，如询盘函、报价函、订单函、议价函等。
第1页/共3页锲而不舍，金石可镂。
四、常用的函电用语1. 引言部分：- We are pleased to have your inquiry of…- Thank you for your letter of…- With reference to your fax of…- We have your name and address from…- We have your name given to us by our Chamber of Commerce.- It was a great pleasure to know your name and address from…2. 询盘部分：- We wish to know whether you can supply…- Please quote us your best price CIF (destination) for…- We would like to inquire about…- Could you let us have the details about…- We would like to know the terms of payment.3. 报价部分：- We are in a position to supply you…- We are pleased to offer you…- We can meet your requirements at the following prices…- The prices are subject to our final confirmation.- The quotation is open till…- We hope our price is workable for you.4. 订购部分：- We hereby place an order with you for…- We assure you that your order will have our best and prompt attention.- The terms of payment are…千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总外贸英语函电是指国际贸易活动中使用的一种书信形式，用于与国外客户或供应商进行沟通和交流。
函电的内容通常包括询价、报价、订单、合同、付款、验货等方面的内容。
外贸英语函电的写作需要一定的专业知识和技巧，下面是关于外贸英语函电的一些常用知识点汇总。
一、函电的格式1. 抬头：写信者和收信者的名称、地址、联系方式等信息。
2. 称呼：写信者对收信者的称呼，如Dear Sir/Madam或者具体的人名。
3. 引言：对收信者的问候和相关背景介绍。
4. 主体：函电的具体内容，如询价、报价、订单等。
5. 结尾：对收信者的感谢和期待进一步合作的表达。
6. 署名：写信者的名字和职位。
二、常用语句和表达方式1. 询价：Could you please quote your lowest price for the following products?/We are interested in your products and would like to ask for a quotation./Please send us your price list.第1页/共4页2. 报价：We are pleased to quote you as follows:/We can offer you the most competitive prices./The prices we quoted are based onFOB/CIF terms.3. 接受订单：We are glad to accept your order for the following products./We confirm the order and will arrange production immediately./We are willing to proceed with the order as per your requirements.4. 拒绝订单：We regret to inform you that we are unable to accept your order at the moment./We are sorry to inform you that the goods you required are out of stock./We are unable to meet your delivery deadline.5. 付款：We will arrange for payment via bank transfer./We will remit the payment upon receiving the goods./Please advise us your preferred payment terms.6. 发货和验货：We will ship the goods by sea/air/express as per your request./The goods will be delivered to your designated address within 7 days./Upon arrival of the goods, please inspect and confirm their quality and quantity.7. 建立合作关系：We are looking forward to establishing a long-term business relationship with you./We hope to have the opportunity to cooperate with your esteemed company./We believe our cooperation will be mutually beneficial.三、常见问题和解决方法1. 产品质量问题：If there is any quality problem with the goods, please provide us with evidence and we will handle it properly./We will make compensation for the defective products and take measures to prevent such issues in the future.2. 交货延迟：We apologize for the delay and assure you that we are taking immediate actions to expedite the delivery./Due to unforeseen circumstances, the goods will be delayed for a few days. We appreciate your understanding and patience.3. 价格谈判：We understand your concern about the price and are willing to offer you a discount based on the quantity ordered./We are open to negotiation and will try our best to meet your target price.4. 付款问题：If you have any difficulties in making the payment, please let us know and we can discuss alternative paymentmethods./Please make the payment as soon as possible to avoid any inconvenience.四、核心技巧和注意事项1. 使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句子。
外贸函电知识点总结
外贸函电知识点总结一、外贸函电的概念和作用外贸函电是指在国际贸易中，用于书面沟通的一种重要形式，主要包括信函、传真、电子邮件等。
它是国际贸易中的一种重要沟通工具，通过外贸函电可以实现买卖双方之间的信息传递、商务谈判、合同签订等业务活动。
外贸函电的作用主要包括以下几个方面：1. 完善交流：外贸函电可以实现买卖双方之间的信息传递和商务谈判，完善双方之间的交流和沟通。
2. 确认事实：外贸函电可以作为书面证据，记录交易过程中的重要事实和内容，为后续的合同签订和履行提供依据。
3. 促进合作：外贸函电可以促进买卖双方之间的合作，帮助双方解决问题，加强业务合作关系。
4. 提高效率：外贸函电可以帮助双方及时了解对方的意图和要求，从而提高交易的效率。
5. 保证权益：外贸函电可以保障买卖双方的合法权益，减少交易风险。
二、外贸函电的基本结构外贸函电的基本结构通常包括信头（Letterhead）、日期（Date）、称呼（Salutation）、正文（Body）、落款（Complimentary close）、签名（Signature）等部分。
下面对几个部分进行详细介绍：1. 信头（Letterhead）：信头是信函上显示发信人名称和地址的部分。
信头一般包括公司名称、地址、电话、传真、电子邮箱等联系方式。
2. 日期（Date）：日期是信函书写的时间，一般写在信头下方，格式为月份、日期、年份，如：July 15, 2022。
3. 称呼（Salutation）：称呼是指信函开头的称呼语，一般根据收信人的身份和性别决定使用何种称呼语。
如：Dear Mr. Smith(男士)、Dear Mrs. Smith(夫人)、DearSir/Madam(男士/女士)等。
4. 正文（Body）：正文是信函的主要内容，一般包括引言、主题、结论三部分，内容要清晰、简洁、明了。
5. 落款（Complimentary close）：落款是信函结尾的礼貌用语，一般包括祝愿语和称呼语。
函电基本知识
(3) Modified block form 改进式
• Blyco Textile Group B.V. • Osstertra 2,7524DZ Enschede • The Netherlands • Tel: 5387748 • Telex:45635 • Fax:53333117
• Yo
• J. Kistemaker, Manager
〔1〕full block form 齐头式—— sample letter
• In the full block form, every part of a letter is typed form the left margin. It is convenient to be typed with a typewriter but the layout is not so beautiful. So some businessmen use a modified block form with indented style.
(3) Modified block form 改进式
• Yours faithfully, • Blyco Textile Group B.V. • (Signed)… • J. Kistemaker, Manager
(3) Modified block form 改进式
• Simplified form is somewhat like Full block form. But some parts are omitted, such as salutation and complimentary close.
Yours faithfully, Blyco Textile Group B.V. (Signed)… J. Kistemaker, Manager
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外贸英语函电知识点
整合2016年6月9日
一、选择题
1.A refers to an offer without engagement,which should be subject to confirmation by the seller.
A. non-firm offer
B. firm offer
C. 。
D. 。
2.CIF is a price term, meaning the includes the cost of goods, the insurance a B for carrying the goods
A. foreigner
B. freight
C. friend
D.。
3.thefollowing words are “7C” principal except D
A.consideration
B. courtesy
C. clearness
D. cleaness
4.D offer means the price a seller is willing to accept for a particular
A. quotation
B. quote
C. counter offer
D. offer
5.if you want the company which the receive work into give the letter to the receiver, you need write A before the company name on the envelope
A. C/O
B. P.S
C. C/C
D. A/O
6. in business letter, we can use C to indicate both and women in solution
A. dear sirs
B. dear madam
C. dear gentlemen
D. dear
7. the goods are to be packed A boxes one piece each, twenty box a carton
A. in, of, to
B. in, to, of
C. to, of, in
D. to, in, of
8. we lodge a claim C you the short weight
A. with, with
B. for, for
C. with, for
D. for, with
9. we enclosed our purchase confirmation NO.$848A triplicate
A. in
B. for
C. with
D. throught
10.we are looking forward to B your L/C for order No.123
A. receive
B. receiving
C. be received
D. be receiving
11. we are a specialized corporation C the export of garments
A. dealing
B. hand
C. dealing with
D. dealt
12.we are sending you the samples C request
A. be
B. are
C. as
D. for
13. the following words are three kinds of me of payment in term trade except B
A. L/C
B. S/C
C. T/T
D. D/P
14. D is watched to contract, indicating that both parties agree on the ……
A. order
B. C/C
C. S/C
D. me。
15. we have B your account with the amount of us $800 for….
A. debited
B. remitted
C. credited
D. sent
二、排序
1.Heading(信头)
2.Date(日期)
3.Our/Your Ref.No.(参考编号)
4.Inside Address (封内地址，注意：Attention/ATTN)
5.Salutation (称呼)
6.Subject（事由）
7.Body Of The Letter (正文)
plimentary Close(结尾套语)
9.Signature(签名)
10.Reference Notation (经办人代号)
11.Enclosure(附件)
12.Carbon Copy (抄送)
13.P.S.(附言)
三、商务信函组成部分
1.The Letter-Head(信头)
2.The Inside Name And Address (封内地址)
3.The Salutation(称呼)
4.The Subject Line (事由)
5.The Body Of The Letter (正文)
6.The Complimentary Close (结尾套语)
7.The Writes Signature (签名)
8.The Enclosure (附件)
四、流程图
五、付款方式
六、连线
汇付：Remittance
托收：Collection
信用证：L/C
跟单信用证;Documentary L/C
电汇:Telegraphic transfer
票汇:Demand draft
信汇:Mail transfer
承兑交单:Documentary against acceptance
付款交单：Documents against payment
即期付款交单:Documents against payment at sight
交票远期付款交单;Documents against payment after sight
七、7C原则
Consideration：体谅
Courtesy ：礼貌
Clearness：清晰的
Conciseness：简明
Concreteness：具体
Correctness：正确的
Completeness：完整
八、翻译
1.书上28页
敬启者：
我方以英国大使馆得知，贵公司生产出口用纯正皮革和天然原料手工制作的鞋和手套。
此地对这类高档产品有稳定的需求，特别是颜色鲜艳的。
虽然销量不高，但是一个时尚的设计可以获得好的价格。
如果方便，可否向我方寄送贵公司的产品目录，详细报价单，支付条款以及样品。
我们期待您的尽快回复，不胜感激。
此致
敬礼
2.书上43页
敬启者：
兹确认收到你方9月20日关于双面刺绣的询盘。
按你方要求，我方给你方报"每件尺寸为30×50厘米，价格为57.50美元贸易术语采用CFR汉堡，并且返2％的佣金，于2012年11月装船"的商品白鸽牌双面刺绣2000件。
商品用盒子包装，每盒装一件，20盒装一纸箱。
支付方式是由保兑的，不可撤销的凭即期汇票支付的信用证。
此报盘以你方答复于9月28日我方当地时间下午5点前到达我方为有效。
根据市场信息获知，自8月以来我方产品有些强劲的市场需求并且我们收到的订单过多，如果贵方觉得以上的条件合理并且可以接受，请尽快发传真确认。
我方期待你的回复
九、改错
Dear Miss(改为：sirs)
Thank you for your letter of 20, may 2015, we accept what you say. But we are of the opinion that the quality of the other make doesn’t(改为：does not)measure up to that of our products. Although we keen to do business with you, but (去掉：but) we regret that we cannot accept your counter offer.
We look forward to hear (改为：hearing) from you.
Yours faithfully
Chief seller/Tony Smith
(改为：tony smith/chief seller)九、阅读
书上74页Text B。
十、写作
写一篇业务联系信函：背诵书上第15页Text A即可。