(天津专版)2018年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第九讲特殊句式与主谓一致
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第九讲特殊句式与主谓一致
考点1 强调句
1.It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors.
(2017·天津,11) A.who B.where
C.which D.that
答案 D
解析考查强调句型的判定。句意为:正是当我回到公寓时,我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉,然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断,“When I got back to my apartment,I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整,由此可断定本句是强调句,并且强调的是时间状语,故空格处应用that。
2.You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
(2016·天津,13) A.who B.which
C.where D.that
答案 D
解析考查强调句型的判定。句意为:你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。从理解思路上先看本句是不是强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后,句子意思依然清楚,结构依然完整。经判断,“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整,句意明确,故本句是
强调句。因强调的内容是地点,故空格处应填that。
3.Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015·重庆,9)
A.while B.though
C.that D.after
答案 C
解析考查强调句。句意为:巴赫于1750年去世,但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型,其基本结构是:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分,本句被强调部分是not until the early 19th century,故选C。
4.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2015·湖南,21)
A.which B.that
C.where D.how
答案 B
解析考查强调句。句意为:正是在我们快要回到家的时候,我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙!强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分。如果强调人,that还可以改为who,但是强调时间或者地点时只能使用that。
5.Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr Smith got angry?(2014·四川,3)
A.why B.who C.where D.that
答案 D
解析考查强调句的一般疑问句。所强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school,故选that。句意为:是不是因为Jack上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的?
考点归纳
强调句型中的6个考查重点:
1.强调句型的疑问句
在强调句中,无论被强调部分是什么句子成分,变为疑问句时,都须将主句改为疑问语序,即将“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”改为“Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分?”或“疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他成分?”结构。
Was it her failing her exam that made her parents unhappy?
是不是她考试不及格使她的父母不高兴?
When was it that she changed her mind?
她什么时候改变主意的?
2.在对not...until结构中的until时间状语或时间状语从句进行强调时,要将句中的not
移至until之前,构成It is/was not until...that...结构。注意that从句中的谓语动词要变成肯定形式,而且不再采用倒装语序。
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark gla sses. =It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下她的深色眼镜我才意识到她是个著名影星。
3.如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序,不可用疑问语序。
He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake.
他问我是谁错拿了他的伞。
4.强调句型结构与定语从句的混合使用。
在高考试题中,为了增加试题的难度,命题人常将强调句型与定语从句混合起来,使句子结构更加复杂。我们要注意从语法角度来分析句子,理清结构。
It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning.
正是在他住的那间旅馆我今天早晨遇到的他。
5.强调句型与时间状语从句的辨析。
当用强调句型强调时间状语时,去掉“it is/was”和“that”原句仍然完整。而在时间状语从句中,若去掉“it is/was”和连词“when/before”,原句则不完整。
It was at 14:28 that the terrible earthquake broke out.(强调句型)
是在14点28分强烈的地震爆发了。
It was 14:28 when the terrible earthquake broke out.(时间状语从句)
当强烈的地震爆发时是14点28分。
6.强调句型中的反意疑问句式。
在强调句型中,其反意疑问句的主语及助动词必须与主句It is/was...保持一致。
It is Mary not you who wants to ask me about that matter,isn’t it?
是Mary而不是你想问我那件事,是吗?
考点2 倒装句
1.Not until recently ________ the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.
(2016·江苏,34) A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
答案 C
解析考查倒装句。句意为:直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据时