语言学第一章复习要点及练习一

1.Union Jack—is the name of British national flag. The color blue is the background and its

elementary color. The crosses refer to the unity of this nation by means of religion.

2.British Isles, the UK, Great Britain

s for the Country

4.Four political divisions

5.Thames: the most important river, the second largest

ke District, the “Lake Poets”

7.Ben Nevis is the Highest mountain (1344 m)

8.The longest river in Uk：The Severn River --335km

9.Northern Ireland, Lake Neagh ,the largest lake

10.T opography:

The north and west --- highlands. The east and southeast --- lowlands

11.Climate:

Main characteristics:

Temperate, mild, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfall

12.Major cities, the capital city

13.Population: the third-largest in the European Union (behind Germany and France)

14.History of the English Language

15.Standard English also called as Queen’s English or BBC English

16.Roman invasion of Britain

17.the Roman contribution

18.The Anglo-Saxons

19.Witan, the Privy Council

20.The Viking and Danish Invasions

21.Alfred the Great

22.The Norman Conquest (1066)

23.Norman Rule

24.Henry II’s reform the courts and the law

25.The Great Charter, The Beginning of Parliament

26.Effect of the Black Death

27.Wars of Roses

28.Elizabeth I

29.Characteristics of The English Renaissance

30.The Civil Wars

31.The Bill of Rights

32.The Chartist Movement

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.

1. The United Kingdom is located in ____.

A. northern Europe

B. western Europe

C. northwestern Europe

D. southeastern Europe

2. The two large islands that make up the British Isles are ____.

A. Scotland and Ireland

B. Britain and Scotland

C. Great Britain and Northern Ireland

D. Great Britain and Ireland

3. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in ____.

A. 1921

B. 1931

C. 1945

D. 1950

4. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries ____.

A. that were once colonies of Britain

B. that have a large number of British immigrants

C. that have close relations with Britain

D. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars

5. The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ____.

A. Denmark

B. Belgium

C. France

D. the Netherlands

6. England has three main land regions. They are the Southwestern Plateau, the Pennines, and ___.

A. the Eastern Plain

B. the Highland

C. the Central Lowlands

D. the Southern Uplands

7. Scotland occupies the ____ third of the island of Great Britain in the British Isles.

A. southern

B. northern

C. eastern

D. western

8. Northern Ireland, which takes up the northern fifth of Ireland, is a

fourth political division of ____.

A. the United Kingdom

B. Ireland

C. Scotland

D. Wales

9. Britain’s longest rivers are ____.

A. the Severn and the Clyde

B. the Thames and the Clyde

C. the Clyde and the Humber

D. the Severn and the Thames

10. The largest lake in the British Isles is ____.

A. Loch Lomond

B. Loch Neagh

C. Windermere

D. Ullswater

11. Britain’s climate is influenced by____, a warm ocean current that passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.

A. the North Atlantic Drift

B. the Brazil Current

C. the Labrador Current

D. the Falkland Current

12. The English people and the English language were born from the union of ____.

A. the Angles and the Saxons

B. Germanic conquerors and the Norman French