简单句、并列句、从句分析练习

高考基础复习系列（1）——简单句和并列句

一、简单句: 定义：只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫做简单句(simple sentence)。

(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P )

The weather is very cold.

(2) 主语+不及物动词(S+V i )

He laughed.

(3) 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O )

I like Chinese food.

(4) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)

She taught them physics.

(5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)

We must keep the room warm.

(6)There be +主语+地点状语

There is a book, a pen and some pencils on the desk.

二、并列句: 定义：包含两个或多个互不依从的主谓结构，通常由一个或多个并列连词来连接的句子叫做并列句(compound sentence)。

并列句分为:顺承或联合联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句

1.顺承或联合并列句常由并列词and, then, not only…but also…, neither…

nor…等连接

如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.

2.转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接

如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

3.选择并列句常由并列连词or, either…or…,等连接

如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police.

4.因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接.

如:It was late, so we went home. / It was late; therefore, we went h ome.

5.在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前

后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉.

如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.

6.because和so; although, though和but 不能连用

练习：分清下列句子是简单句还是并列句, 学习划分句子成分, 并翻译。

例如：（1）Time flies. 简单句，(S + Vi )

( 2 ) The beauty attracts many people. 简单句，(S + Vt + O)

1.Our meeting is over.

2.I like music.

3.Birds sing beautifully.

4.I sent him an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday.

5.We named our baby Jacky.

6.He showed me how to do it.

7. Y ou should study hard.

8. We must keep the classroom clean.

9. Are there any students reading in the classroom then?

10. This box weighs five kilos.

11. My cousin enjoys living here.

12. Uncle Wang bought his son an English-Chinese dictionary.

13. They don't allow people to smoke in the waiting room.

14. There is a public swimming pool in their school.

15. Do you know her younger sister?

16. Did you see anyone go into that house?

17. She always keeps everything in good order.

18. Time would prove me right.

19. Luckily, he was not badly hurt.

20. She is fond of collecting stamps.

21. Hurry up, or you will be late.

22. Either you are mad or he is.

23. Not only is he an actor but also he is a director.

24. Neither are they farmers nor they are workers.

25. They first worked as doctors and later they worked as writers.

26. I was doing housework while he was playing chess.

27. I ’ve got a cold, so I ’m going to bed.

28. Y ou must work hard, whereas you will fall behind.

29. The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.

30. He was tired, so he went to bed.

31. He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.

32. I like volleyball, while my brother likes basketball.

33. .My name is Robert，but most of my friends call me Bob for short.

34. Work hard, and you're sure to be successful in this exam.

35. The food was good, but he had little appetite.

36. Do what you’ve been told; otherwise you will be punished.

37. My brother studied hard；thus he succeeded in passing the exam.

38. Mary didn't review her lessons；therefore, she couldn't answer the teacher's questions.

39. He said it was so；however, he was mistaken.

40. He scarcely knows a word of German, but he speaks French perfect ly.