合理用药案例分析(36)高血压

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na.Some,such as amlodipine,felodipine,controHed—re- lease preparation of nifedipine,have
Hydrochlomthiazide Tab
3.Patients state following drugs Patient
common than 60
an
estab-
years of age.All classes of antihypertensives reduce left
factor for cerebrovascular
disease,ischemic
ventrieular mass an equivalent amount,with diuretics per-
use
trolyte,carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and useful in
hypertensive patients with

wide variety of concomitant
vas— re—
conditions,such as ischemic heart disease,peripheral
天津药学Ti孤jin
Pharmacy
2009年第2l卷第4期
药学英语园地
Cases analysis of rational
use
of
medicine(36)
Hypertension
1.Patients conditions Patient,male、aged 65、had hypertension for 5 years. Bp stayed 150~160/85~90 mmHg.Diagnosis:Isolated systolic hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy. 2.Drug administration Amlodipine besylate Tab 10 mg 25 mg
Calcium channel
blockers(CCB)show

safe
antihy-
chlorothiazide for antihypertensive treatment is more ad—
visable.Sharp ded. antihypertensive process should be avoi—

(4)In
eouraged in
this case,the combination of two drugs is treating
on
en-
reasonable
goal,but hy-
the
disease.However,the

adveme
poperfusion of vital organs may limit efforts to normalize systolic Bp.Maintaining the lower Bp compatible with pa— tient safety
lished risk
hypertension(systolic pressure
elderly,and is
Left ventricular in older
≥160 mmHg,diastolic pressure<90 mmHg,such as this primarily in the
hypertrophy is much more hypertensive patients than in those less
light—headedness,
verse left ventricular treatment of elderly
hypertrophy.ney
hypertensive
axe
indicated for
patients.
Thiazide diuretics and chlorthalidone are almost a1. is defined
effects appeared ment,that is
the patient after
few
day,s treat— elderly often
over—antihypertensive.The
and tolerance
to
minimize the risks of hyper-
metabolize drugs
cause
differently from younger individuals be—
tensive complications is real
objective. organ
of alterations in hepatic blood flow should
and
renal fune—
Call—
mg 1/d×7 2/d×7
mmHg。诊断为单纯收缩期高血压
伴左心室肥厚。 2.用药 苯磺酸氨氯地平片10 氢氯噻嗪片 3.患者用药后状况 患者用药1周后血压降至140/80 mmHg头昏目 眩,心悸,无力。 4.分析 (1)血压等于或大于140/90 mmHg定为高血压, 持续血压升高可增加心脑及肾病并发症的发病率及 病死率,治疗高血压无疑会降低大多因血压升高所致 的上述并发症。 (2)单纯收缩期高血压(如本例所见,收缩压≥
smaller—than—usual
doses.It is
tients,the clinician must be especially careful not to ag— gravate these conditions
treat

apparent that lower dosages of the thiazides
pertensive effects with confirmed monotherapy response.
The
drugs are rarely associated witII abnormalities in elec.
万方数据
78
天津药学Ti柚jin
Pharmacy
2009年第21卷第4期
合理用药案例分析(36) 高血压
1.患者简介 患者,男性,65岁,高血压5年,血压一直波动在
150—160/85—90
钙通道阻滞剂有安全的降压效果,单药治疗降压 可靠,几乎不影响电解质、碳水化合物及脂肪代谢,并 可用于伴有多种并发症,如缺血性心脏病,外周血管 供血不足、哮喘、糖尿病、慢性肾病、肥厚性心肌病、左 心肥大、室上性心律不齐、变异性心绞痛等的高血压
or
and
renal complications attributable to
an
elevated blood
not
completely effective as monotherapy
pressure・
in the patient with edema. systolic
(2)Isolated case)occurs
haps being the best.
heart disease and congestive heart failure.The data from multiple clinical trials have proven that reduction of sys・ tolic Bp to<160 mmHg is
(3)In
damage and
view of the greater prevalence of target
tion with aging,drug therapy tiously,beginning
now at
be
instituted
other cardiovascular risk factors in older pa-
as
(1)Hypertension
blood
pressure(Bp)
renal complica--
ways the initial drugs used in treating for elderly patients.
≥140/90 mmHg and associated with increased morbidity and mortality of eardio・-cerebral tions.There
《天津药学》杂志投稿要求
《天津药学》杂志为综合性药学专业科技期刊,设有实验研究、药品质量与检验、药物与临床、中药、药品不良反应、药物经济学、 综述、世界药物、医药工业、医药管理、医药经济、执业药师、药学英语园地、新药介绍等栏目。为提高刊物编辑水平,投寄我刊稿件 请按以下要求撰写。 文稿内容应具科学性、逻辑性、新颖性,结构严密,论点明确,层次分明,文字简炼,语句通顺,数据可靠。提倡写短文,一般文稿 以2000字左右为宜,专论和综述以4000字为限。 超过2000字的文章请在正文前写出200字以内的文章摘要和3~5个关键词,科学研究、实验方法等文章摘要需按报道性摘要 要求撰写,内容包括论文的目的、方法、结果和结论。重要文章需附英文文题、作者姓名的汉语拼音及所在单位的英文译名。同时写 出与中文相对应的英文摘要和关键词。文章摘要是全文的精华,阅读文章摘要就能了解全文的主要内容,避免使用对论文内容主 观评价的空洞词句。关键词尽量采用《汉语主题e to de-
Bp
dropped
to
140/80
mmHg
after
one
crease
incidence of ischemie cerebral apoplexy
and
to
re—
week"s drug treatment.Patient had palpitation and weakness. 4.Analysis
can no
They
are especially effective
antihypertensive agents
in
and
certain patient group:particularly blacks,the eldedy and the obese.In addition,diuretics bination with other the latter
mg/d
25 mg
mmHg,舒张压<90 mmHg),常发生于老年患者,
mm.
公认为脑血管病,缺血性心脏病及充血性心衰的危险 因素。多方临床资料证实应把收缩压降至160 Hg以下,但又不能力图把收缩压降至正常,导致重要 脏器灌注不足。真正需要的是,把血压降至较低水平 使患者更安全,更易耐受,最大程度地减少高血压并 发症的风险。 (3)考虑到老年患者多有靶器官损害,及其他一 些心血管危险因素,做为临床医生尤为慎重避免上述 情况的不利因素,所用药物也应利于多种病态的有益 转归。
160
患者。其中如氨氯地平、非洛地平、硝苯地平控释制 剂,其优点可降低缺血性脑卒中发病率,逆转左心肥 厚,适合于老年高血压的治疗。 噻嗪类利尿剂及氯噻酮常做为治疗老年高血压 的首选药。在某些患病人群,如黑色人种、老年人及 肥胖者尤为有效。此外,利尿剂常与其他抗高血压药 联合应用,以弥补后者的不足,或用于伴水肿的高在 压患者。 60岁以上老年高血压患者与60岁以下者相比, 左心肥厚更为常见,所有抗高血压药降低左心质量相 差无几,可能利尿剂最优。 (4)钙拮抗剂与利尿剂二者联合用于本例的老 年单纯收缩性高血压治疗处方合理,但用药1周后患 者出现一些降压过度的不良表现。老年患者与年青 人不同,随年龄增长其肝脏血流及肾脏功能减弱,药 物应用应慎重,开始低于常量。因此,噻嗪类利尿剂 的较小剂量比原先所用的剂量更为合适。对于氢氯 噻嗪,开始应用6.25一12.5 mg/d,最大用至25 降血压效果更好,而且降压不应操之过急。 杜金山编写 叶咏年审校
cular insufficiency,asthma,diabetes mellitus,chronic
nal disease,hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,left ventricular qd×7 bid×7
hypertrophy,supraventricular arrhythmia,or variant ansi-
are are
longer be any doubt that treating hy—
often helpful in com-
pertension reduces most of the cardio—-cerebral vascular
antihypertensive agents,either when
than
and
should select agents that
can
those originally used are appropriate.A beginning dose of
6.25—12.5 mg and

comorbid condition.
maximum dose of 25 mg hydro—
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