毕业设计-年产13.8万吨乙烯装置分离工段乙烯精馏工序工艺设计
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沈阳化工大学
本科毕业论文
题目:年产13.8万吨乙烯装置分离工段乙烯精馏工序工艺设计
院系: 化学工程学院
专业:化学工程与工艺
班级: 化工 0703班
学生姓名:
指导教师:
论文提交日期:年月日
论文答辩日期:年月日
毕业设计任务书
化学工程与工艺化工0703
学生:
班
内容摘要
乙烯是石油化工的主要代表产品,在石油化工重占主导地位。目前世界上乙烯的生产绝大数来源于蒸汽裂解制烯烃技术。由于蒸汽裂解是石油化工中的大能耗装置,而且完全依赖不可再生的石油资源,因此研究和开发人员进行了新的乙烯生产技术的探索和开发。乙烷脱氢、催化裂解、甲烷氧化偶联和甲醇转化等乙烯生产新工艺,希望能够以此作为蒸汽裂解制乙烯的补充,甚至在将来替代蒸汽裂解制乙烯。乙烯主要用于生产聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯和乙二醇等。乙烯除少量由酒精脱水制得外,绝大部分石油烷烃裂解生产。
本设计是以抚顺乙烯化工有限公司裂解装置为蓝本,完成了年产13.8万吨级得乙烯装置分离工段乙烯精馏工序的工艺设计。本设计对乙烯精馏塔进行了物料衡算和热量衡算,并且对乙烯精馏塔进行了工艺设计与选型设计。乙烯精馏塔采用了浮阀塔,并符合流体力学验算和操作条件。
在指导老师的指导下,我们在整个设计过程中查阅了大量的相关文献及资料,深入掌握了有关的基本理论和专业知识,对理论知识有了更深的认识,灵活的应用到设计当中,并结合了有关的化工过程的要求去设计,还是比较顺利的完成了此次毕业设计。
关键词:乙烯;分离;乙烯精馏
Abstract
The ethylene is petroleum chemical industry mainrepresentative the product, occupies the dominantposition in the petroleum chemical industry. At present in the world theethylene production overwhelming majority originates fromthe steam decomposition system alkene technology.Because the stearu decomposition isin thepetroleum chemical in dustry big energy
consumption installment, moreover total dependence non-renewable oil resource, therefore the research and the development personnel have carried on the new ethylene production technologyexploration and the development.Ethylene and so on ethane dehydrogenation, catalytic pyrolysis, methane oxidation coupling and methyl alcoholtransformation produce the new crafi, the hope can bythis achievementsteam de compositionsystem ethylene supplement, even in future substitution steam decomposition system ethylene.The ethylene mainly uses in producing
the polyethylene,the polyvinyl-chloride and theglycol and soon. The ethylene besides by the dehydration of alcohol system, the major part decomp oses few bythe petroleum alkane the production.
The design is basedon ChemicalCo., Ltd. Fushun ethylene cracker based onthe completion oftheannual production capacity of 138,000 ton ethylene cracker plant section of the separation process design . This design has carried on thematerial balance and the thermal graduated arm to the ethylene rectifying tower calculated, andhas carried on the technological design and the shaping desi gn to the tethylene rectifying ower, and has also drawn upthe belt control point flow chart. The deethanization tower used the float valvetower to carry on the computation. The design calculatesfin ally results in tower neck 2.2m,tower high 16.75m. And conforms to the hydromechanics checking calculation and the operating condition.
Under supervising teacher's instruction, we ha ve consulted the massive correlation data andthe l iterature in theentire design process, has knownt