英美文化 论文
英美文学方面的毕业论文
英美文学方面的毕业论文英美文学方面的毕业论文英美文学作为人类文明发展的重要成果,为人类带来精神文化食粮的同时也在不断的丰富着社会文化的组成。
在高中英语教学中引入外国文化因素，是拓展学生视野，培养学生英语文化素养的关键。
英美文学方面的毕业论文篇1浅析英美文学教学与学生人文素质的培养在时代进步与发展的背景下，对大学生的人文素养提出了更高要求，这就要求高等院校在办学过程中，重视大学生人文素养的培养。
一、英美文学教学以及学生人文素养的培养1.英美文学的教学现状英美文学是一部分高等院校的重要课程。
大学生通过学习英美文学，不仅可以提高阅读能力，更可以提升鉴赏文学作品的能力，同时在英语的听、说、读、写、译等方面也都能获得显著提升。
随着时代的进步与发展，在各方面的共同努力下，我国英美文化课程也获得相应的进步与发展，越来越多的人意识到开展英美文学教学的重要性。
但是，在现阶段我国高等院校的教育体系中，英美文学的教学有众多问题亟待解决，具体表现为以下几个方面：首先，高等院校缺乏对英美文学教学足够的重视。
在课程设置方面，将英美文学作为一门选修课，以往的小班讨论的教学方式转变为大班讲座的形式。
其次，在英美文学教学过程中，缺乏足够的师资力量。
英美文学较之于古代文学以及现代文学，教师在知识储备以及综合素质方面都还有待提升，需要加强对师资队伍的建设与培养。
再次，在开展英美文学教学的过程中，一直沿用传统落后的教学方式，缺乏足够的创新意识，教师采用填鸭式以及讲座式的教学方式，给学生灌输大量的理论知识，严重忽视学生的主体地位。
长此以往，学生丧失了对英美文学的兴趣，课堂气氛十分沉闷。
最后，教师在进行英美文学教学的过程中，虽然重视传授英美文学作品的文法或者是语言知识，但严重忽视对作品深层次的内涵的挖掘，这也成为阻碍英美文学教学质量提升的重要因素。
在整个教学过程中，忽视对大学生的人文素养的培养。
所以，高等院校要想改变英美文学教学过程中的问题，最主要的是改变传统落后的教学方式，重视培养大学生的人文素养。
英美文学方面论文范文
英美文学方面论文范文英美文学是源远流长的,英美文学在今天文学史的地位是通过经历长期的、复杂的过程演变而来的。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学方面论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英美文学方面论文范文篇1试析英美文学中的文化问题随着经济全球化趋势的不断加快，英美文学逐渐成为高等院校非常重视的一门专业必修课程，学校开设英美文学课程的主要目的在于培养学生的阅读欣赏能力以及在英美文学阅读中的理解能力，高等学校对英美文学课程的重视对于学生提高自身的英语水平起到了很大的作用，但是随之而来产生了一些文化问题，很多学生由于对英美文学缺乏深层含义的了解而逐渐丧失英美文学阅读的兴趣，这就要求我们在阅读英美文学的过程中要将语言学知识掌握扎实，广泛了解英美文化知识，从而不断增强英美文学课程开设的积极意义。
一、文化因素在英美文学中的重要性随着我国与世界各国之间的联系越来越密切，跨文化能力逐渐成为英语教学过程中的重要组成部分，在英美文学的教学中也逐渐显示出其强大的生命力，语言本身就是一种文化，而语言与文学作品又能够准确地反映出一个民族文化环境中的习俗、信仰和普遍价值取向，我们在学习英美文学的过程中，也必然会接触到作品中所含有的各种文化知识，在英美文学的学习过程当中，学习者的个人情感因素非常重要，而其所掌握的文化知识也是不可或缺的。
在传统的英美文学教学中，我国的大部分高校文学教师都过分注重对文本阅读的重视和对英美文学作品的研究，忽视了指导学生对英美文学创作背景的认识，这样的教学方式使得大部分学生在学习的过程中缺乏基本的文化理解能力，对于英美文学中的文化因素不能做到深入的了解，对所阅读的英美文学作品中的文化内涵缺乏认知能力，使得学生在阅读英美文学作品时只能浮于表面，无法准确揭示文学作品当中的深层文化意义。
任何一门文学课程的学习都需要学习着具备较强的文化思想，并且具备一定的理解能力，而要想不断提高自身在学习文学作品当中的理解能力，就需要学习者首先对这门文学所产生的背景文化知识有一个深入的了解，一个优秀的文学学习者在文化经验、认知能力、语言学知识等各个方面都应当有较强的造诣，在英美文学的学习过程当中，学习者掌握一定的语言文化知识固然很重要，但是仅仅掌握语言文化知识也远远不够的，要想真正将英美文学的内容了解透彻，我们还应当不断加强对英美文化背景知识的认识，只有借助于英美文化背景知识的帮助，学习者才能真正深入了解英美文学中的文化内涵，对于英美文学中所展现出的生活方式、宗教习俗、思维模式、价值取向、历史发展状况等有一个基本的把握，真正理解作品中所具有的思想感情，这种对于文学作品的理解能力的培养不是一朝一夕的过程，在这一过程中，学生必须坚持不懈，文学教师也应当指导学生掌握正确的学习方法，养成科学阅读英美文学作品的良好习惯，使学生在学习中不断提高阅读英美文学作品的能力，提高自身的文学素养。
英美文化毕业论文
英美文化毕业论文英美文化毕业论文随着全球化的发展，英美文化在世界范围内影响深远。
作为英语为母语的国家，英美文化不仅包括语言，还涉及文学、艺术、音乐、电影等方方面面。
本文将从不同角度探讨英美文化的特点和影响。
一、英美文化的多样性英美文化的多样性是其最大的特点之一。
英国和美国都是移民国家，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
这些移民带来了自己的语言、宗教、风俗和文化，丰富了英美文化的内涵。
在英美文化中，我们可以看到英国的皇家仪式、英式下午茶、英国乐队的摇滚音乐以及美国的独立精神、西部牛仔文化、好莱坞电影等。
这些多样性使得英美文化独具魅力，吸引了全球观众的关注。
二、英美文化的影响英美文化对世界产生了深远的影响。
首先，英美文化对语言的影响不可忽视。
英语作为全球通用语言，其词汇、语法和发音都源自英美文化。
其次，英美文化在文学领域也有着重要的地位。
莎士比亚、狄更斯、奥斯卡·王尔德等英国作家以及马克·吐温、海明威、福克纳等美国作家的作品被翻译成多种语言，影响了全球读者。
此外，英美文化在音乐、电影、时尚等领域也有着广泛的影响力。
披头士乐队、迈克尔·杰克逊、碧昂斯等英美音乐人的音乐风格和影响力跨越了国界。
好莱坞电影更是成为了全球电影产业的中心，许多经典电影和电影明星都来自英美文化。
三、英美文化的传统与现代英美文化既有传统的一面，也有现代的一面。
在传统方面，英美文化保留了许多古老的习俗和仪式。
例如，英国的圣诞节、复活节和美国的感恩节等节日都有着悠久的历史和独特的庆祝方式。
此外，英美文化中的传统艺术形式如戏剧、芭蕾舞和交响乐也一直保持着活力。
然而，英美文化也不断与时俱进，融入了现代元素。
现代英美文化注重个人自由、多元文化和创新。
在音乐领域，英美文化涌现出了流行音乐、摇滚乐、爵士乐和嘻哈音乐等各种风格。
电影工业的发展也使得英美文化更加多元化和现代化。
四、英美文化的挑战和机遇随着全球文化交流的加深，英美文化也面临着一些挑战。
英美文学论文范文
英美文学论文范文英美文学是一种重要的文化艺术表现形式,虽然是文学,其实也是反映当时时期的是思想文化和社会现实,体现的是西方文化的发展过程,也反映的是西方文化和思想。
下面是店铺为大家整理的英美文学论文，供大家参考。
英美文学论文范文一：历史文化在英美文学中的作用摘要：在诸多历史、社会、文化、政治、经济、生活方式、地域、宗教、价值观等因素差异下，英美文学作品势必出现千姿百态的形式和文学风格，只有深刻地理解上述因素对于英美文学著作的影响作用，才能够透析英美文学著作的实质，才能更好地理解英美文学著作中机智隽永的内涵。
关键词：历史文化;英美文学一、历史与文化差异影响下英美文学著作所具有的特点(一)历史与文化差异影响下英国文学著作的特点英国文学源远流长，经过了漫长的时间和时代的演变。
在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对英国文学产生着影响。
英国文学是对于当时社会环境的一种映衬与写照。
文学内部遵循自身规律，历经不同历史阶段。
如盎格鲁-萨克逊史诗《贝奥武甫》;中古英国文学著作时期，代表作乔叟(Chaucer)的《坎特伯雷故事集》;文艺复兴下的莎士比亚代表作《威尼斯商人》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《哈姆雷特》《暴风雨》等;新古典主义下的英国文学著作，浪漫主义时期，华兹华斯的《抒情歌谣集》;现实主义下的英国文学著作时期，代表作为夏洛蒂•勃朗特的《简•爱》，哈代的《德伯家的苔丝》，大作家查尔斯•狄更斯的《大卫•科波菲尔》《远大前程》《双城记》;现代主义下的英国文学著作康拉德的《黑暗的心脏》(1899)。
语言和风格的“标新立异”是英国现代派的最大特点。
战后英国文学代表作约翰•福尔斯的《法国中尉的女人》大致呈现从写实到实验和多元的走势。
从厚重的文学底蕴出发，英国文学著作发展到今天正在朝着百家争鸣、百家齐放的方向发展。
(二)历史与文化差异影响下美国文学著作所具有的特点美国的文学历史与美国资本主义的发展如影随形，虽然早期的文学著作隐约还有英国文学的痕迹，随着美国资本主义的民主与自由的不断演绎升华，美国的文学著作也大放异彩，形成了美国民族的特有色彩。
《欧美文化与风情》论文（精选五篇）
《欧美文化与风情》论文（精选五篇）第一篇：《欧美文化与风情》论文本课程考查方式要求：同学们在老师所列题目中任选一题写作学科论文，（题目也可以自拟）字数要达到3000字以上，以此作为课程考察成绩。
注意事项：（1）统一使用学校的作业纸。
（2）最后一次上课时上交论文，过期不再收取作业。
1.英国的社会发展2.英国的文化与生活3.英国的礼仪习俗4.英国观光与旅游5.法国的服饰6.法国的社会发展7.法国的文化与生活8.食在法国9.法国人的生活习俗10.浪漫情怀看法国15.美国政府16.美国的“驴象之争”17.美国的礼貌习俗18.美国的高等教育19.美国大学生的生活20.美国法治一瞥21.美国社会掠影22.加拿大的文化教育22.加拿大的衣食住行23.加拿大的社会福利制度24.走遍加拿大作业题目第二篇：欧美婚礼文化论文11级人力一班魏本栋欧美婚礼文化论文婚礼，一个浪漫而温馨的名词，它是情侣步入婚姻的大门，也是夫妻关系确立的标志，婚礼是一个开始，从此夫妻之间要相互鼓励、相互搀扶，相守一生，因而，各种美好的祝愿也都在这样一个与众不同的日子变得更加有意义、更加的珍贵。
当然，随着祝福而来的就是各种各样的婚俗，人们愿意将每一种仪式都赋予它特殊的意义，充满了浪漫和美好的气息，由于中西方文化的不同，这些婚礼中的仪式和习俗在时间的累积中也渐渐有了差异，虽然随着经济和交流的全球化，许多的中西方的婚俗进行了混合，但是中西方的婚俗始终有不可替代的差异。
对于我们中国人来说，结婚是一件大喜事，既是喜事当然要办的热热闹闹、喜气洋洋，这也是我们自古以来的传统。
中国人喜欢热闹的气氛，因而婚礼的地点当然也要是能闹起来的地方。
在古代，人们会选在开阔的场院里，大家围坐桌前，爽朗的笑声，锣鼓喧天，鞭炮齐鸣，一派祥和与红火。
在当代难以寻得过去的场院，交通方便的大型酒店自然成了首选，与以往一样，从招待到入席，所有的人，无论是主人还是客人，脸上都洋溢着幸福的微笑，席间的欢歌笑语都体现了热闹这一传统。
英美文化概论论文_2
英美文化概论论文－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－英美文化概论论文英美文化概况跃跃10084626机自08-2班Differences Between China and USAThe discrimination still exist in America. When you come to America, you may be surprised when you see that Blacks and Whites work side by side in offices , factories , and schools across the country . The majority of Blacks in the United States, however, live in and around only a small number of American cities.we, as Chinese, prefer to think in a spiral, casual way, while western people, more often than not, are fond of a linear, business-is-business way.If you are in China, it is not rare to see that a crowd of people throng in the supermarket, trying to get service first. People in China do line up.In contrast, in USA people always line up, no matter in a big bank or a small grocery store. And they take it for granted. Lining up haslong since become part of their life that they scarcely doubt it or grow impatient while doing it.Secondly, first come, first served. Though in words it is a normal principle here in China, it’s m ostly not the case in reality. Take an example of what usually happens in a bank. Here when we are in a middle-sized bank, and suppose we are talking with the cashier, it always tends to have someone butt in, claiming that his or her request takes only one second.And it seems that we have already been accustomed to it. So has the cashier. But in western countries, it never applies. It is always rude that you butt in while the cashier is serving his customer. No matter how little time your request costs, the cashier, more often than not, is likely to turn you down. Only one customer at a time is his principle. Thirdly, change stuff. Suppose I am in a shopping mall and the stuff I purchase cost me 142 RMB. While lining up at the casher’s and happening to check my wallet, I find I have 200 RMB and two one-Yuan coins. What will I do? To give the cashier 200 RMB, or give him 200 RMB and the two one-Yuan coins so that he could return me 60 RMB, which is more convenient for both of us.I think when the Chinese were in this situation, they would mostly choose the latter one. But in America, they won’t do so. If you try it . The cashier did not understand.So the western people are prone to lack of flexibility while doing their work. TheAmerica think that we Chinese have a tendency to make things complicate. What aninteresting contrast!What I try to say is just that we might well be in conformity with the customs and beaware of the culture differences while being abroad. Like the saying goes—while youare i n Rome, do as Romans do. If you don’t want to put yourself in the public, bearingall this in mind is perhaps the best policy. 中和美之跃的差国国异歧国当你来国跃仍然存在于美。
英美文化鉴赏论文范文
The Study of Domestic Violence onAmerican Beauty and Its Action Guidance Abstract:paper presents a new method for the interpretation of American Beauty.In modern society, family violence is the destruction of the traditional family happiness. Family cold violence in the Burnhams and thermal violence in the Fitts are the representatives of the domestic violence. And also, the family violence makes the family life become not only an invisible battlefield, but a nightmare, distorting the couples, the parents, children and family relationships. In this movie, the heroes awaken people with their blood and lives, to re-examine their family life. This paper focuses on the domestic violence in this film and some statistics or backgrounds specifically on the domestic violence in the United States. Then the paper will give some preventions and services act, giving family violence in real concern and action guidance.Key Words:American Beauty; domestic violence; cold violence; thermal violence; action guidance《美国丽人》中家庭暴力的研究及其行动指导摘要：本文提出了电影《美国丽人》的一种新的解读方法。
英美文学作品论文
英美文学作品论文论文既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段，又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。
它包括学年论文、毕业论文、学位论文、科技论文、成果论文等。
英美文学作品的论文应该怎么写?英美文学作品论文篇一：当我们阅读与学习英美文学作品的时候，经常会觉得意犹未尽，英美文学作品很大程度上给人一种耐人寻味的感觉。
造成这种效果的因素有很多，但是最主要的因素要算是产生这些文学作品的文化传统。
而追根溯源，西方的文化传统是由两种古老的文化源泉汇合而成。
一个是古希腊的光辉灿烂的文化遗产。
一个是基督教所体现的思想体系，主要表现在《圣经》的文化思想。
对于西方文学作品最直接的影响应该是来源于古希腊的神话和基督教的《圣经》，这两股重要的支流成为英美文学乃至西方文学中不可或缺的一部分。
英美国家各时期的名家志士都在不同程度上把《圣经》同自己的作品相互联系起来，从而使我们读者在欣赏名著作品的同时，也在相当一定程度上获得了欣赏和体味《圣经》的基础。
说起《圣经》，很多人会觉得它只是一本基督教的经书，便敬而远之。
其实则不然，它不止是一本简单的经书，而有其神秘的成分，在西方的传统文化的形成过程中，它的影响是深远且独一无二的。
因此，渐渐的成为英美文学作品最基本的素材库。
概括起来说，英美作品中对于《圣经》的运用主要有三种形式。
第一种方法是最容易辨认的，它的技巧是作家直接引用其中的故事作为素材。
当阅读与学习这类作品的时候，我们需要注意的是了解作品的历史背景及文化背景。
那么，对《圣经》的了解对理解这类文学作品的内涵与精髓是颇有裨益的。
比如说长诗《贝尔武夫》，其中就己谈到了上帝，并且写到妖怪格兰代尔是该隐的后裔。
该隐的故事取自《旧约全书·创世纪》。
14世纪诗人威廉·朗格兰写的寓言故事《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》，也是传播基督教精神的蓝本。
第二种方法是，作家运用《圣经》中故事的寓意使之融入到自己作品的情节和人物性格里面。
这种作品的写作方式对英美本国的读者来讲是非常容易理解的，但是对于中国的读者来讲就要多费一番周折，这些作品对我们理解英美传统文化有这非常高的要求。
英美文化赏识论文-英国和美国的文化比较
英美文化赏识论文-英国和美国的文化比较英国和美国的文化比较上了近十多周的“英美文化赏识”我的感触很深，这让我知道了以前从来都不知道的东西，如：教育，政策，习俗……这双方的差异很值得人们去思考，下面就让我简单地说一下英美文化的特点首先是政治：英国的实质就是君主立宪制，君主虽然予以保留，代表国家元首，但只在特定时期是在具有一定实权，并且权利不能超越宪法。
而美国是共和制中的总统责任制，总统拥有党政军大权，集政府首脑、国家元首于一身，但是受三权分立制约。
英国有着悠久的议会民主传统，实行君主立宪制，君主为国家元首，目前是伊莉莎白二世。
英国的立法机关，也就是议会，目前拥有两个议院。
下议院地位较重要，上议院主要是修订法律的机构。
行政机关由首相领导，英国现任首相为工党的托尼〃布莱尔。
通常，首相是在下议院拥有最多席位的政党领袖。
该政党其他主要成员与首相一起组成内阁，即主要的行政机构。
从严格意义上讲，英国并非是一个联邦制的国家，但现任政府最近在苏格兰及威尔士成立了地方分权机构，如设在爱丁堡的苏格兰议会及设在卡地夫的威尔士议会。
英国还试图成立北爱地方分权政府，但是由于各政党之间存在纷争，以至于被暂时搁臵下来。
英格兰和威尔士的立法、司法制度与苏格兰、北爱尔兰大不相同。
同样，苏格兰的法律与英格兰的法律也有不少的差异。
美国是联邦制国家，政权组织形式为总统制，实行三权分立与制衡相结合的政治制度和两党制的政党制度。
由此而进，美国现代自由主义与保守主义关于大、小政府之争的帷幕正式拉开。
美国的国家组织是依据三权分立与联邦制度、二大政治思想而制定，当初在起草宪法时因恐权力过分集中于个人或某一部门将危害人民的自由，因而将立法、司法，行政三种权力分别独立，互相制衡，以避免政府滥权，行政机关是以由人民直接选举的总统为最高行政首长，并以副总统辅之，下设几个行政部门。
政府的权力有联邦政府、州政府之分，宪法起草人根据政府必须接近百姓才不致剥夺人民自由的原则，将有关各州自治权保留给州政府，各州政府本身拥有立法、司法、行政诸权限，联邦政府的权力系以一州政府无法单独行使者为限，如课税、财政、国防、外交、货币银行、出入境管理、对外贸易、国民福利、邮政，以及科学艺术的发展援助等。
英美文学类论文范文
英美文学类论文范文英美文学是英国人民和美国人民长期以来创造性地使用英语语言的产物,是对时代生活的审美表现。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学类论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英美文学类论文范文篇1从英美经典电影分析英美文学女性形象[摘要]很多英美经典电影，都是以英美文学为蓝本进行改编的。
将文字转换为银幕上的画面，这样的变化，更有利于观众对原作中角色的定位。
女性角色，是文学作品中不可或缺的元素，是文学话题制造的永恒话题。
在诸多英美文学作品中，女性角色随着时代的变迁、社会背景的变化，也变换着不同的色彩。
本文以一些经典的英美电影，对比那些英美文学作品中的女性形象进行了分析，包括对爱情的执著、自我价值的追求、悲剧色彩和独立自主的方面。
[关键词]英美电影;英美文学;女性形象一、引言女性角色，是文学作品中不可或缺的元素，是文学话题制造的永恒话题。
在诸多英美文学作品中，女性角色随着时代的变迁、社会背景的变化，也变换着不同的色彩。
从莎士比亚时期开始，直到19世纪末20世纪初，以英国、法国、美国等作家的文学作品为例，英美文学作品中的女性角色，开始展现出不一样的活跃程度，特别是随着电影产业的兴起，将文学作品改编为电影，更加有利于对原作中女性形象的深刻展示。
在这一点上，以好莱坞电影为代表的英美电影，以更加丰富的形式，诠释了电影视角下的女性角色新特点，其中对于女性主义的形象表现极为突出。
二、女性对于爱情的执著爱情，是英美文学作品中一直延续的格调。
无论是辉煌的史诗巨制，还是社会小人物的刻画写实，其中都有着爱情的主题。
在爱情面前，电影，或者说原作中的这些女性角色们，敢于为了爱情反抗传统，反抗那些看似坚不可摧的世俗。
改编自美国作家罗伯特的小说《廊桥遗梦》的电影中，弗朗西斯卡与罗伯特之间的爱情，突破了家庭与婚姻的禁制，两人的爱情在当时是一种被唾弃的行为，是对婚姻的背叛，对伦理道德的挑战。
在电影中，弗朗西斯卡在意大利长大，嫁人后随丈夫来到了美国。
英美文化选修论文
洛阳理工外国语学院——英美文化选修课结课论文英美国家的饮食文化系别：外语系班级：XXXXX学号：XXXXXX姓名：XXXX摘要：俗话说的好民以食为天，有时在一个区域甚至是一个国家内的南方与北方的饮食也是有所不同，更别说一个国家与另一个国家的饮食所存在的不同。
自从学习了英美文化这项课程之后，我对英美国家的饮食文化产生了极大的兴趣，尤其是西式饮食在现代逐渐进入国人的生活中，我觉得我们越来越有必要了解一下西方的饮食文化。
关键字：英美国家饮食文化西餐菜肴特色饮食习惯英美国家饮食文化学习了英美文化课程之后我对于英美文化有了进一步的了解，选修课老师对英美文化说了很多方面的知识，比如说国家的地理方位、城市构成、国家发展历史，政党选举制度之类的等等。
期间看了两部电影一部是关于英国曾任的首相铁娘子撒切尔夫人，了解了英国的政党以及历史上曽发生的重要历史事件等等，同时让我也更加佩服撒切尔夫人，是一个能挑大梁的坚强女性。
还有一部是关于阿甘正传，讲的是关于美国的一个傻男孩自强不息的奋斗史，同时穿插了美国的发展历史，对此有了更加深刻的了解。
虽然还是囫囵吞枣的学习了一番，那我就我比较感兴趣的英美饮食方面谈论一下吧。
首先来说一下西方的餐桌文化，包括餐桌用具与餐桌礼仪等方面。
先说餐桌用具包括刀叉、餐盘、酒杯等等。
当然摆放也有很多的要求例如：刀叉的摆置，用餐中为八字形，如果在用餐中途暂时休息的话，可将刀叉分放盘中，刀头与叉尖相对成“一”字形或“八”字形，刀叉朝向自己，表示还要继续吃。
如果是谈话，可以拿着刀叉，无须放下，但若需要作手势时，就应放下刀叉，千万不可手拿刀叉在空中挥舞摇晃。
用餐结束后，可将叉子的下面向上，刀子的刀刃侧向内与叉子并拢，平行放置于餐盘上。
接下来的摆置方式又分为英国式与法国式，不论哪种方式都可以，尽量将柄放入餐盘内，这样可以避免因碰触而掉落，服务生也比较容易收拾。
在宴会中，每吃一道菜用一副刀叉，对摆在面前的刀叉，是从外侧依次向内取用，因为刀叉摆放的顺序正是每道菜上桌的顺序。
英美文化概论论文
英美文化概论论文－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－英美文化概论论文In the past few weeks, we spent 10 lessons on essentials of British & American cultures study. In this course, we learn in brief about the history and government system etc. During the Learning process, what impresses me most is the cowboys.An integral part of the story of America, the cowboy is a national icon, a romantic, rugged metaphor for America’s frontier past, Westward expansion and creation myths. Sensationalizedby Hollywood and by real-life bad boys, the heroic, hard-working, hard-riding, free-thinking cowboy is inseparable from American history itself.America’s first cowboys came from Mexico. Beginning in the 1500s, vaqueros—the Spanish term for “cowboy”—were hired by ranchersto drive and tend to livestockbetween Mexico and what is now New Mexico and Texas. During the early 1800s, and leading up to Texas’s independence from Mexico in 1836, the number of English speaking settlers in the area increased. These American settlers took their cues from the vaquero culture, borrowing clothing styles and vocabulary and learning how to drive their cattle in the same way.The vaquero influence persisted throughout the 1800s. Cowboys came from a variety of backgrounds, and included European immigrants, African Americans, Native Americans and Midwestern and Southern settlers. In the nineteenth century, one out of three American cowboys in the south was Mexican.As America built railroads further and further west, fostering industry, transportation and white settlements in former Indian territories, the cowboy played a crucial part in the nation’s expansion. In the early 1800s, Texas cattleman had herded cows via the Shawnee Trail to cattle markets in St. Louis and Kansas City. During the 1860s and following the Civil War, they began herding via the Chisholm and Western Trails towards the new railroads in Kansas, where livestock was then loaded into freight cars and transported to markets around the country.In less than two decades cowboys herded more than six million cows and steers to the railroads. Most cowboys were young—the average age was 24—and hard-working men in need of quick cash, although the pay was low. The work was exhausting and lonely. Cowboys also helped establish towns, spending their money in the “cowtown” settlements across the wes t during their time off. Townspeople frowned oncowboys as lawless troublemakers who brought nothing but violence and immorality, and some even banned them from town.Ranching, or the raising of cattle or other livestock on range land, also expanded during the late nineteenth century. The forced removal of Native Americans and the clearing of the American frontier resulted in the near extinction of the region’s many buffalo and bison. This land, now dominated by white homesteaders, was used for ranching.Public lands on the Great Plains constituted “open range,” where any white settler could buy and raise cattle for grazing. The invention and distribution of barbed wire in the 1870s revolutionized the concept of privately owned land in the Midwest, fencing off homesteads suitable for farming and ranching—but also limiting the work to be done by cowboys.With the rise of private landholdings in the late 1800s, the cattle driving industry had lost its cachet. Private landowners and “free grazers”—vaqueros and cowboys alike—locked horns over what was appropriate use for land whose ownership was also in question. By the 1890s, the wideopen ranges and cattle trails were gone and privatized, and the days of the long cattle drives tothe railroads were over.Smaller-scale cattle drives continued until the mid-1900s, with livestock herded from Arizona to New Mexico and throughout the southwestern United States. Most cowboys left the open trail and took jobs at one of the myriad of private ranches that were settling across the West. But as the work of actual cowboys declined in the U.S., the cowboy lifestyle continued to be popularized—and stereotyped—by a new Hollywood film genre: the Western movie.The late 1900s were tough times for cowboys, ranchers, farmers and anyone working with the land in the U.S. Changing modes of food distribution and production, widespread urbanization and severe economic difficulties forced many to sell their land, go bankrupt, change professions, or take out large loans. As Vern Sager says in The Last Cowboy, “Don’t seem quite fair. A person works hard to make a little and gives it to the bank.”Cowboys in the 21st century might seem like an anachronism, but as Sager demonstrates, their work still needs to be done. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, cowboys—included in the occupation category “support activities for animal production”—numbered 9,730 workers in 2003, making an average of $19,340 per year, working in ranches, stockyards and rodeos. About one-third of these worke rs were listed in the subcategory of “spectator sports,” making their living primarily at rodeos, circuses and theatrical venues as livestock handlers.As the ranchers and cowboys of Sager’s generation age, who will be left to do their jobs? Despite decade s of socioeconomic change, cowboys still don’t have health insurance—and they don’t retire. Times might be changing, but as a symbol of persistence, self-sufficiency and a hard work ethic, cowboys live on.感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。
关于英美文学论文范文
关于英美文学论文范文英美文学经历了很长的历史时期,并且每一个历史时期都有其著名的代表作和作品,成为了世界文学史上的宝贵的财富。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英美文学论文范文篇1浅谈英美文学的翻译方法在过去的英美文学的学习过程之中，我们通常将我们的著作划分成美国文学和英国的文学。
然而两部分文学著作，又需要从不同的时期写出不同年代的故事，我们所学习的欣赏是从流派的代表作和作家入手，分为文学著作，文学的派别以及文学潮流，对于英美文学的赏析，作品是相当的多，我们只能够挑选出作品简略阐释。
随着我国社会经济的发展，一些“实用性”课程的出现，其地位逐渐被边缘化。
面对当前的形势，作者试图从兴趣着手，结合教学实践，对文学课教学内容与教学方法的改革谈谈看法。
译者的文化选择与其采取的翻译策略是密切相关的，由于受主体文化的影响，许多译者大都有意无意间认同主体文化并采取一定的策略实现自己的文化选择。
关键词：高校英语专业、英美文学课、教学内容、教学方法根据美学的观点，任何作家的创作都有其隐含的读者，英国文艺理论家伊格尔顿也有类似的观点，“接受是作品自身的构成部分，每部文学作品的构成都出于对其潜在可能的读者的意识，……作品的每一种姿态里都含蓄地暗示着它所期待的那种接受者。
在大学中我们学习到的英美文学课程，是我们高校英语中非常重要的课程，要培养学生的阅读还有写作能力的，了解英语文学的能力，去了解一下文学的知识还有方法，通过阅读的形式了解东西方文化的差异，提高学生们的语言功力，提高学生的理解能力。
随着我们语言学习能力的提高，我们学习的课程多方面的出现，这使得文学课程逐渐的边缘化。
如何才能够在当今的学习中立于不败之地，我认为，提高学生们的兴趣是非常重要的，吸引学生的注意力，才可以提高们的兴趣，因为兴趣可以带领我们走的很远。
因此，带着兴趣学习，针对如下的几个问题，讲述一下自己的观点。
一、教学内容英美文学的学习，主要由两个大部分构成主要内容，一部分是英美国文学作品，另一部分是英美国文学历史。
关于英美文学的论文
关于英美文学的论文英美文学作为世界文学史上的一颗璀璨明珠,不仅向世界文坛展示了英美文学的丰富内涵、人文主义情怀,还向世界民众呈现了英美民族悠久的历史和独特的文化传统。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学的论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英美文学的论文篇1论英美文学作品鉴赏教学摘要：随着国际交流日益广泛，培养国际化人才已成为现代社会高等教育的一项重要任务。
本文阐述了英美文学鉴赏教学对于培养学生语言能力素养、跨文化意识和人文精神的重要作用，通过探索和改进文学教学方法，提出了调动学生积极性，建立以学生为主体、教师为主导，课堂面授与网络教学相结合的全新立体化教学思路。
关键词：英美文学教学跨文化人文精神近年来，在经济全球化浪潮的冲击下，我国英美文学教学面临着困境。
在“实用主义”影响下，许多院校注重开设与市场关系较大的实用性课程，如外贸英语、商务英语、旅游英语等，英美文学的教学内容和课时量都被大幅度地压缩，文学课程受到冷落已经是不可回避的事实。
文学语言具有艺术性、形象性，且精美凝练，是培养学生跨文化交际能力最好的选择，忽视语言文化内涵的英语教学，只会导致学生对语言的理解和把握只停留在比较肤浅的层次上。
高校英美文学鉴赏教学应该摒弃传统的教学模式，利用先进的多媒体技术增加教学的形象性与趣味性，形成一门大学生人文素质课程，通过对文学作品的鉴赏培养学生良好的语言应用能力、人文素质、文学修养和跨文化交际能力。
一、阅读英美文学作品的意义1.感受语言魅力文学是语言的艺术，是人类文化中最璀璨的珍宝，是语言大师经过加工提炼的语言，学生可以接触到小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧、传记等各种题材作品中最为丰富的语言现象。
英语表意功能强，或典雅深邃，或诙谐幽默;或含蓄婉约，或明快粗犷。
其凝练精美、形象生动的语言在英美作家作品里得到了淋漓尽致的体现。
通过阅读优秀的英美文学作品，学生可以感受英语音乐性的韵律美，品味作家的写作风格与语言特色。
作品本身的语言结构、修辞手段、韵律等特征让读者感受语言的多样性和丰富性，提高语言理解与表达能力和对作品的鉴赏力，使读者感受艺术的熏陶。
英美文学相关论文优秀范文
英美文学相关论文优秀范文英美文学是世界文学最重要的构成,其对世界文学发展起到最顶级的促进作用。
下文是店铺为大家整理的英美文学相关论文优秀范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英美文学相关论文优秀范文篇1浅谈英美文学中的爱情婚姻观摘要英美文学中描绘爱情和婚姻的小说众多，为世人展示了不同时期、不同地域、不同阶层的人们丰富多彩的爱情和婚姻观。
这些不同的爱情婚姻观既是作品主人公性格的集中体现，也是对人物所处的社会环境和历史背景的深刻剖析。
论文以描写几对不同人物之间波澜不惊的爱情故事闻名于世的经典爱情小说――《傲慢与偏见》为例，来分析作品中倡导的独特的西方爱情婚姻观。
关键词：英美文学《傲慢与偏见》简・奥斯丁爱情婚姻观梁山伯与祝英台凄美的爱情悲剧让我们唏嘘不已，崔莺莺和张生冲破重重障碍最终有情人终成眷属让人为之欣慰，这是中国古典文学名著中的经典爱情故事。
当我们把目光转向英美文学，罗密欧与朱丽叶的忠贞爱情深刻地为我们诠释了爱情的真谛;于连・索雷尔两段截然不同的爱情经历和其最终悲剧性的结局却告诉我们当爱情被虚荣占据后，结果唯有悲剧。
英美文学名著中描写爱情的名家之作非常之多，众多的爱情经典让我们回味无穷，为我们展示了各式各样、色彩纷呈的爱情婚姻观。
正如有多少个读者，就会有多少个不同的哈姆雷特一样，每个读者都会在这些名作中找到自己的影子，产生共鸣。
以下就以《傲慢与偏见》为例，来分析英美文学中各式各样、与众不同的爱情婚姻观。
一《傲慢与偏见》简介及主旨分析英国知名女作家简・奥斯丁(Jane Austen)的代表作《傲慢与偏见》，以日常琐事为事件出发点，运用非常考究的语言，通过对不同人物性格的详实刻画，以及当时处于社会压迫与反抗不同地位的各个阶层间复杂关系的深刻剖析，以现实主义的手法形象、生动地描述了18世纪末-19世纪初饱受封闭守旧思想禁锢下英国乡村的风土人情。
作品中，奥斯丁以其独特的观察力、诙谐幽默的语言，通过对班纳特家的五个女儿及其密友在对待婚姻时的不同抉择，真实地描述了中小地主及资产阶级“绅士”和“淑女”之间荒诞的婚姻与爱情风波，展现了女主人公们在爱情婚姻观方面不断学习、探索和前进的心路历程，继而提出了自己主张“既不赞同为了金钱而结婚，也不认同将婚姻当做儿戏而草率对待”这一鲜明的爱情婚姻立场。
英美文化毕业论文范文
英美文化毕业论文范文美国是由英国在北美大陆的殖民地发展而来的，因而美国文化与英国文化在许多方面基本一致。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文化毕业论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英美文化毕业论文范文篇1浅析英美文化差异对英美文学评论的影响摘要：文化是一个国家存在与发展的灵魂，它对一个国家的文学评论能够产生广泛的影响。
本文在分析英美文学的发展与英美文学评价的基础上，从英美两国文化发展载体的差异、文化内涵的差异、文化历史的差异这三个主要方面分析了文化差异对英美文学评论的影响，以期更深入地为大家学习、欣赏英美文学作品提供一些有益的参考。
关键词：文化差异英美文学文学评论文化伴随着人类历史的产生而产生，广泛而深刻影响着人类社会的历史生活，并在长期的历史发展中表现出了民族文化的差异性，促成了世界文化多元的发展。
在多元文化发展的这一社会大背景下，对于英美文学评论的影响因素很多，其中文化差异的因素对英美文学评论所产生的影响最为广泛和深远。
一、英美文学的发展与英美文学评论英美文学与英美文学评论是相伴产生的，英美文学作品是将英美文化艺术性地展现，而英美文学评论则是通过英美文学这一手段重新审视与剖析英美社会文化生活。
两者之间的联系是紧密的，也是必然的。
因而，探讨文化差异对英美文学的评论影响，有必要对英美文学的发展历史作出梳理。
1 、英美文学发展英美文学作品是英美两国人民智慧的结晶，同时也是英美文化的表现形式。
英美文学不单单是英美语言的艺术性体现，同时也是对英美人民现实生活的艺术性展现，是世界人民认识英美文化的一个窗口。
英语作为一种交流的工具，在英美文学作品中，被用来表达英美人的思想、情感。
英国的文学发展史可谓是源远流长，英国文学先后经历了盎格鲁·撒克逊阶段、文艺复兴阶段、新古典主义阶段、浪漫主义阶段、现实主义阶段以及现代主义阶段。
纵观英国文学的发展阶段，我们不难发现，其每一个阶段在文学成就上都具有独特的文学艺术魅力。
英美文学论文范文
英美文学论文范文英美文学,是指英国的文学和美国的文学代表作品,长期以来,英美文学在世界文学史上占有重要的意义,也给现代文学的发展指引和引导了重要的方向。
下面是店铺为大家整理的英美文学论文，供大家参考。
英美文学论文范文一：多元化英美文学教学方法及意义我国自1953年开始在高校英语专业学生中开设英美文学课到现在已有近60年的历史，英美文学课作为英语专业学生的高年级主干课程，在整个课程体系中占有重要地位。
2000年教育部颁发的《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》规定：文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力、掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法，通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。
由此可见，文学课教学在提高学生的语言功底，全面提升大学生人文素质方面起着重要的作用。
然而，英美文学课对于学生的“内在”气质培养是需要花费一定时间的，需要学生在课上积极参与，课下静心研读经典并吸收其中的人文知识财富。
然而，随着商品经济的触角不断深入到社会的每个角落及其网络文化的迅速崛起，高校学生越来越重视诸如英语口语、商务英语、旅游英语等实用性课程及其网络上的快餐文化，社会导向使得学生越来越不屑于花时间潜下心来认真研读经典的文学作品。
笔者曾在我省六所理工科院校做过一项调查，结果显示，能在课余时间阅读文学经典作品的学生只占被调查学生总数的8%，而62%的学生将诸如演讲技巧、交际能力、创业秘诀之类的书放在了课余阅读的首位。
在这种背景之下，文学课教学也遇到了诸多困难，甚至一些高校为了迎合社会上的这种趋势竟压缩英美文学课时，使得英美文学课呈现出被边缘化了的趋势。
不少著名语言学者感慨：现在的语言专业学生的口语表达能力很好，但内在修养素质欠佳，对所学语言国家的思想观念、价值取向、风俗文化知之甚少，学生几乎成为了一个个语言与翻译的机器。
为了有效激发学生对英美文学课的兴趣，充分发挥英美文学的教学及其育人作用，不少学者对高校英美文学的教学现状做出过富有成效的调查，本文结合前期的英美文学教学调查报告成果，提出了多元、复合式的英美文学教学方法不仅能够有效提高课堂教学质量，激发学生对英美文学课的热爱，而且能够提高学生的整体素质和思辨能力，并进一步探讨了复合式英美文学教学方法的意义及与传统“四段论”的教学方式作出了比较。
英美文化差异论文 英文版
1)A, the natural environmentIn the eyes of the Chinese people, "summer sorching", "hot summer," summer always linked with intense heat. In Shakespeare a sonnet yet such lines, Shall I compare thee to a summer 's day? / Thou art more lovely and more temperate. (can I take with you? / summer than you ah, than summer came cute and photos.) The poet's compared to summer, lovely and always. "Summer" to the Chinese and British lenovo can be so different. Reason is that in different geographical position, China is located in the Asian continent, belong to a continental climate and four distinct seasons, summer most obvious characteristics is scorching, hot challenging. Britain is located in the north temperate, belong to sea climate, beautiful summer mild, pleasant. And of course many example of this, for example, in the Chinese "dongfeng" to make people think of the warm sunny, the west wind that have seed the bitter taste. And in the west the opposite. Reason is the same, the two are in different geographical position, bring feel different.2)Second, productionIn English and aquaculture, ship the words very much, such as fish in the air (climb a tree to look for fish), an odd fish (weirdo), miss the boat (miss), etc. This kind of words in Chinese is much less. Reason is that British around water, aquatic fishing industry and ring navigation in its economic occupies an important place in the life, so many such words. And in China only coastal areas have fishermen netting fishing, so this relatively few words.To express "with the physical negative things" of the verbs in Chinese language has many, such as "carry, the Netherlands, pick, bear, carry, back, carry, negative, carry, ku" and so on, each word has certain negative luck with the corresponding things (such as soil, water, pick bear, the box), is really a very close. In English, but only a carry to "refers to the-action. The Chinese will this verb fine add distinguish, probably because in the long run, China agricultural society, manual work much more special reason.Chinese, we will encounter "like the same said work", "QiZhuangRuNiu" word, in English, to express the same meaning, will say work like a horse, as strong as a horse, flog a willing horse. Why the Chinese use the "bull" and English with horse? The answer isChinese have always use cows to plow fields, the early English but with the Malay farming. Cows and horses in the production process were divided into two countries do good helper, earned the people with the words can be as above usage.3)Three, and the customs and habits1, appellation and call: learning English, we found that the English name in Chinese appellation than to much less. For example, a cousin of the English words, corresponding Chinese cousin, cousin, cousin and cousin, etc. We see that the Chinese are very strict distinction between Cousins relationship, should say gender, and give size, don't like English general a word settles. The linguistic produce attributed to China two, three thousand years of the rule of feudalism. This kind of feudal society pay high attention to the blood relationship, with particular emphasis on the differences between the level, advocate the youngest, concern and orderly. Kinship relationship and gender, on his face all different, power and obligations appear with distinction, it must strictly distinguish the appellation and close. The English title number not much, except the dad, mum, grandpa, aunt, uncle and so on several appellation often use outside, other almostall need not. In Britain or America, people call each other in Chinese people against reason, and not polite, no corrections. For example: the children do not put grandpa's grandmother called grandpa and grandma, but call him by his first name, this kind of practice is decent, kind, is often buried, young said the old, only his surname in before and Mr And Mrs Or Miss. They these practices embodies the pursuit of westerners equal thought, in their eyes, title itself means not equal. 2, honorific modest words:Like title, the English language and modest words also far less than Chinese. In English, no matter how much each other age, status and how high you is you, I was I, don't like Chinese that way with many such as "you, director, engineers" honorific, etc. Chinese produce the reasons of this phenomenon is one of China's feudal social hierarchy patriarchal clan system. It requires that people with elders or superior, even peers spoke, want to use honorific, otherwise think misnomer and discourteous, even appear proud; It takes about their own modest words, such as not use, also will be considered rude. Another reason, is in the thousands of years of Chinese the influence of traditional ideas, do not wish to highlight your, always think "modest" is a virtue. And in English this kind of word of less for two reasons: one is the westerners love for equality, 2 it is they have long respect personal value, ready to show, emphasize training individual self-confidence. By the mercy of theabove ideas, westerners accept praise, congratulations on the reaction was also have very big distinction. Chinese people listen to such words will be a modest said after the discourse, and westerners will not hesitate to say: "Thank you" from the newspaper I have seen such a joke, at a ball, an American people praise a Chinese woman said: "you look very beautiful today (you today is very beautiful." The Chinese woman quickly modestly said: "Where (Where), Where (Where)." the American people feel very strange and then had to say a sentence: "everywhere (around)." According to western habit, when they praise others, total hope others to accept or the way thanks frank answer, otherwise they will be misinterpreted as the other party to doubt his judgment. And the east is more modest, cautious, even if the mind is very happy, also won't have identity or accept their praise. And as academic journals of literature or the title of the paper. The title of the article in Chinese that the article content, often have said the modest words. Such as "on......", "try to talk about the......" , ", "......Taiwan ", etc., and the English article title often is straightforward, and without any modification, such as Science andLinguistics (the Science and language ").Personal privacy:For most westerners, to strangers or not familiar people put forward How old are you? How much do you make? Are you married? Talk about such as age, income, marital status, religious belief, family problems of the topic of personal privacy category, taboo other people asked about. Greet westerners the most frequent topic is the weather situation or prediction. Such as "It 's fine for' t It?" , "It 's raining hard for' t It?" , "Your dress is do nice!" And so on. They first met or not familiar with the person before and never asked about privacy issues related to other people, in order to show respect for each other. The Chinese greet sometimes also said to the other party's care. Such as "you today look bad, ill?" "long time no see, you and get fat." "You again thin, attention body ah." Such as westerners hear You say: "You are fat" or "You are so thin" etc. Words. Even more familiar with each other, will also feel embarrassed, hard to answer, because it's not polite. But Chinese meet three points familiar, in half an hour, each other's family, personal situation got out neatly. This is both the different cultural background in action. Westerners pay special attention to personal privacy. They believed that personal things don't have to let others know, is less willing to let others intervention. And the Chinese in one thousand to live in a village, leave near, contacts, personal life or personal it is hard not to beknown or intervention. Plus Chinese unity and friendship, care for each other, help each other, believed that personal things that family and to the collective. So they are willing to understand people's sweet and sour Shan spicy, other people are willing to tell the truth. Of course, now in some developed or coastal cities, people began to accept westerners view, do not speak to involve the privacy of others.4)Four religious beliefsChinese-english language about religion a vast number of words, spectacular. For example, "the god", "Yin and Yang," "Buddha", etc. Language is the direct reflection of thought, two very different religious vocabulary is two different national religious values of portraiture. Before the sui and tang dynasties, teach the correspondences in Chinese dominant position, Chinese words about religion and the related, such as "tai chi," "way" and so on, its spirit, such as honour destiny, line filial piety and resigned, etc can be seen in the daily languages. Sui and tang dynasties time, a large number of Buddhism was introduced into, a large number of Buddhism with words, the rebirth of the karma between thought is accepted by the digestive and thought. Such Buddha, Confucianism, Taoism occupiesa dominant position in China. In Britain, the one with the Christian as the main religion. The teaching was introduced into England in 597. Later in a very long time, a lot of related words into ranks in English. Both Old English period here by Latin words, such as English infiltration angel (angels), monk (monks), and a medieval French borrow from the words, such as religion (religion), dean (moderator) and so on, and the modern English period from other loan words borrowed a lot of word in, the result of the words in English about religion than other languages more.感谢下载!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考。
英美文化论文
英美文化论文第一篇：英美文化论文American RacismA popular saying is that America is a nation where people, with diligence and perseverance, can realize their dreams regardless of their religious beliefs, colors of skin and political convictions.However, others frown on this idea.This issue has given rise to a heated discussion.For my part,I’m all for the idea of disapproval.The reasons are mainly as follows:It is generally known that the United States of America is a nation of immigrants.People of different skin colors,religions and faiths creat the nation —America.And inevitably,religious conflict,racial discrimination and political struggle come along.The most prominent phenomenon is the racial discrimination.Nowadays,the racial discrimination in America remains quite serious.This social issue has been a long-standing problem.In the first place,there are so many roots of racial discrimination.Looking back in history, it began with the slave trade.Needless to say,it is so miserable and disastrous.Between 1650 and 1900, 10.24 million enslaved Africans arrived in the Americas.The transatlantic slave trade resulted in a vast and as yet still unknown loss of life for African captives both in and outside of America.Approximately 1.2 – 2.4 million Africans died during their transport to the New World.No scholars dispute the harm done to the enslaved people themselves.The African slave trade helped to shape a wide variety of societies from modern Argentina to Canada.These differed in their use of slaves, the harshness of the regime imposed on slaves, and the degree of mixing of the races that custom and law permitted.But none ofthese became as virulently racist--insisting on racial separation and a strict color bar--as the English North American colonies that became the United States.The institution of slavery was abolished through Civil War,a bloody second American revolution that cost at least 600,000 lives.Today,in the United States, although legal racial discrimination was cancelled,institutionalized racism remained intact.In addition, the United States parties which are based on different interests,1 formulate a series of related policies and harmed the interests of black people.The original U.S.Constitution permitted slavery and counted Black slaves as three-fifths of white persons in determining both Congressional representation and taxation, which were deeply rooted the racism in the very foundation of U.S.society.Unfortunately,to blacks,their performance provide discrimination discourse.In the black areas, the excessive crime happen at any moment.Worse still, Black also do the drug trade which undoubtedly violates the nation’s law.Politicians from both the Democratic and Republican Parties got the big calls “tough on crime,” embracing the so-called war on drugs, which tripled the prison population between 1980 and 1995.Two-thirds of those who entered the prison system during that period were Black, Latino or poor, and the vast majority of them were nonviolent drug offenders.Today, with the prison population swollen to more than 2 million, African Americans make up just 12 percent of the U.S.population and only 13 percent of drug users, yet account for 35 percent of drug arrests and 53 percent of drug convictions.Blacks are also 43 percent of those on death st year, the U.S.Bureau of Justice Statistics estimated that 30 percent of 12 year-old Black boys will spend time in jail in their lifetimes--far more than will attend college.And because manystates have laws denying present and former inmates the right to vote, an estimated 13 percent of all Black men--including one in every three in Alabama and Florida--have been disenfranchised.In light of racial discrimination,black people conducted a series of racial fights which was called the Civil Rights Movement.The most illustrious march is probably the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.It is best remembered for the glorious speech Martin Luther King, Jr.gave, in which the “I have a dream” part t urned into a national text and eclipsed the troubles the organizers had to bring to march forward.The process was long and tenuous,and many of these movements did not fully achieve their goals although,the efforts of these movements did lead to improvements in the legal rights of previously oppressed groups of people.The current status of racism in America are still in poor condition.While discrimination has decreased and old forms of segregation have been recalled,subtlepatterns of informal discrimination in housing,employment,education and virtually every social sphere still persists.Indeed,for many African Americans,discrimination,as of now,remains a central part of their experience in the United States.According to a report of American, the black’s inco me only accounted for the three-fourths of the white,and African-American family’s income was just one-tenth of the white family’s.Half of all black men in New York can’t find a job,while Black teenage unemployment stands at 37 percent nationwide.As Mr.Bus h said,”And this poverty has roots in generations of segregation and discrimination that has closed many doors of opportunity“.These statistics show a crisis among Black Americans that should be setting of alarm.Racism, notcriminal records, explains the high unemployment rate for Black men today.A recent Wall Street Journal report showed that in the city of Milwaukee, a white job applicant with a criminal record has a better chance of being called for an interview than a Black man with no criminal record.”The disadvantage carried by a young Black man applying for a job as a dishwasher or a driver is equivalent to forcing a white man to carry an 18-month prison record on his back,“ concluded reporter David Wessel.And only racism can explain these statistics: Segregation in public schools, which decreased continuously from the 1950s to the late 1980s, has now returned to levels not seen in three decades.Black infants are almost two-and-a-half times more likely than white infants to die before the age of one, a wider gap than in 1970.More than 200 years since slavery was written into the U.S.constitution, its racist legacy remains--and the words of abolitionist Frederick Douglass remain true: ”Without struggle, there can be no progress."In general,only a struggle that shakes the foundation of U.S.society can end racism.As is the always the case,the darkest hour comes before the dawn.A mixed-race man is president says much about the peaceful progress on race relations in America.I believe that the black people can have equal rights and are free to live, study and work as they wish in the future,and people can truly realize their dreams regardless of their religious beliefs, colors of skin and political convictions.第二篇：英美文化(二)带来交际中的尴尬一位50来岁的美国妇女在中国任教,有一位年的中国同事请她到自己家里来吃饭,一进门,女主人就把4岁的女儿介绍给客人。
英美文化毕业论文
英美文化毕业论文英美文化素养是大学生综合文化素养中不可或缺的一部分,英美影视是大学生了解英美文化的重要途径。
下面是店铺为大家整理的英美文化毕业论文，供大家参考。
英美文化毕业论文范文一：大学生英美文学素养研究一、英美文学教育与大学生智力素质培养文学教育是激发大学生阅读文学作品兴趣、培养大学生鉴赏文学作品能力、促进大学生道德品质提升的重要途径之一。
文学教育是不分国界的，无论古今中外，只要是能够给大学生带来智力拓展、审美提升、道德促进的优秀文学作品，都应该成为大学生素质培养中的良好素材。
其中，英美文学教育在大学生的智力素质培养中占有极为重要的分量，有助于提高大学生英语语言运用的能力，拓宽大学生日常生活观察的视野，以及训练大学生独立思维观念的形成。
首先，大学生通过接受英美文学教育，可以提高其英语语言运用的能力。
在掌握了英语语言基础之后，要提高大学生具有较强的英语听、说、读、写、译等多种英语语言运用能力，使其掌握丰富的英语文化背景知识，在英语语言学习上获得质的飞跃，那么，包含英美文学作品阅读与欣赏在内的英美文学教育无疑是促使大学生提高外语水平和技能的一个有效途径和必要阶段，其可以增进大学生对西方文化的充分了解，达到既能够通过英语语言(无论是口语还是文字的形式)与国外人士进行沟通交流的目的，也能够通过文学作品的生活描述感受异域的风土人情，进而开阔自己的视野，增强自己的见识，启迪自身的心智。
在课堂内外，大学生通过广泛阅读英美文学名著和其他文学作品，或者通过积极参与英美文学诗歌的朗诵、戏剧的表演，或者通过潜心编写英美文学故事等形式，能够有效突破和摆脱大学生英语课程教学时数的极大限制，促进大学生英语语言能力和综合人文素质的提高。
比如，按照教师的教学安排，大学生选读了英国小说《简•爱》，在阅读该篇小说的基础上，大学生可以通过分析和理解小说的主题要旨、主角的性格品质、人物的心理刻画、情节的演化设计、叙述的展开角度、特定的风情描写、独特的语言风格等等，驾驭和运用自己的英语语言能力，用心灵去感受小说《简•爱》所具有的经典神韵和无穷魅力。
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Course: American cultureInstructor: Professor YangName:张佩荣Student No: 080661Class: 131804Date: April 7, 2011American cultural patterns and values In order to understand deeply the American and to help us in our adjustment to American life and in the formation of more fulfilling relationships with American values, I want to analysis the current American main cultural patterns and values, such as individualism, equality and progress, as well as understanding the way in which American friendships operate, can make an contribution to understanding the American society.The most important and most basic characteristic of American culture is individualism. Daniel Boorstin, the well-known sociohistorian, has written that “…of all American myths, none is stronger than that of the loner moving west, across the land…” This pioneering spirit is a synonym for individualism.”The pioneering spirit, handed down to the present generation of Americans from their American forefathers, includes the concepts of self-reliance, self-actualization, autonomy, and personal growth. So, the seeming self-centeredness of the American child, for example, is seldom questioned by parents or teachers. It is implicitly accepted that each person, whether he be an adult or a child, shouldbe encouraged to make his own decisions, develop his own opinions, solve his own problems, and have his own possessions. In general, Americans learn to view the world from their own point of view, that of the individual self. This strong belief in self-reliance continues today as a traditional basic American value. It is perhaps one of the most difficult aspects of American character to understand, but it is profoundly important. Most American s believe that they must be self-reliant in order to keep their freedom. If they rely too much on the support of their families or the government or any organization, they may lose some of their freedom to do what they want.A second aspect of American culture is the emphasis placed on equality. Can a poor country boy from the hills of Kentucky become president of the United States? Can a poor African American from the center city become wealthy and famous all over the world? Can a woman become president of the United States? The great American dream is that each individual has an equal chance for success, whether rich or poor. This concept of equal opportunity to succeed is a basic idea in capitalism, the economic system of the United States.A person’s background is not as important as that person’s position. There are forceful examples I want to mention here, for example, President Abraham Lincoln and the boxer Mohammed Ali. There two men did not have the advantages of wealth, good educational opportunities, or contact with powerful people. The differences between people, such as age, sex, race, religion, and class difference are reducing.A second aspect of American culture shared by most Americans is the concept of friendship. Given the American values of self- reliance and self-actualization, we can realize why Americans tend not to have long and deep friendships. Though their personalrelationships seem to be marked by friendliness, Americans tend to avoid personal commitments that might bring obligations. They simply do not like to get involved. If an American smiles at you, that smile may not mean what a smile means in our country. It may mean no more than an acknowledgement of your presence. In the same way, if you meet an American, he might say, “I’ll call you,”but he never does, or he might suggest, “let’s get together,”and the two of you never do. And another example of friendly, but impersonal,. During working hours, they may be joking and talking with you and making you feel included. Then, as soon as working hours are over, their behavior seems to change. They act as if they hardly know you any more and don’t even include you in any of their personal activities.A fourth important aspect of American culture is the value placed on progress. In three different areas, we can see how the value of progress affects the American people. The first concerns the relationship between parents and their children. Most foreign students have been raised to respect their parents. They consider and value highly what their parents have taught them. Moreover, what their parents have taught them has generally become their own standard for living. Because of the idea of progress, most American children believe that their parents’ ideas and standards are not necessarily the best, American think that there owe there is always some change to be made for the better. A second area affected by the idea of progress concerns the material world. Many Americans assume that there are enough material goods for everyone; they tend to think that the supply is endless. So they are always trying to work for more, more and still more. A third area involves the American’s concept of time. They are very time-conscious, perhaps because time is such an important factor in the worldof business and material acquisition. Americans tend to live by the motto, “Time is money.”They believe you should use your time well and get the most that you can from it.Taking into account of foregoing aspects and examples and Being aware of the American emphasis placed on individualism, equality and progress, as well as understanding the way in which American friendships operate, can help us communicate with the American easily and avoid common sense mistakes when we getting with the American .References:The research of Daniel BoorstinThe American society and lifeAn Introduction to American Culture。