日本海啸为何发生字幕文本

日本海啸为何发生字幕文本

Dialogue: 这是一场巨大的惨剧It was a tragedy on an extraordinary scale.

强烈的地震甚至使地球偏离了地轴A quake so powerful, it knocked the earth off its axies.

数万人丧生Tens of thousands dead.

整个日本岛向海里移动了三米The whole of Japan shifted three metres out to sea.

部分海岸下沉了一米Parts of the coast dropped over a metre.

究竟是哪些因素一起What were the forces that came together

导致了这场惨绝人寰的灾难to create this horrifying disaster?

一组科学家正在调查A team of scientists is investigating.

我们从未有过这么充足的数据Never before have we had such a surplus of data.

这次地震并无任何悬疑之处There are no mysteries in this earthquake,

我们对发生的一切了如指掌we know exactly what happened.

日本的海岸线上一片废墟Japan's coast lies in ruins.

不可思议的是结果本可能更糟Incredibly, it could have been even worse.

本片中这个不为人知的故事This is the untold story of

讲述的是科学如何拯救生命how science saved lives.

以及科学家如何完整再现事件始末And how scientists are piecing together exactly what happened.

日本海啸

是如何发生的

罗格·比尔汉姆教授是世界一流的地震专家Professor Roger Bilham is a world-leading earthquake expert.

他为观察震后情况专程来到日本He is in Japan to witness the immediate aftermath.

我们正在海岸线上空So we are flying right over the coast right now,

罗格·比尔汉姆\N科罗拉多大学地震学家

大部分海岸下陷了一米and much of the coast has sunk about a meter.

破坏范围之广实在令人惊讶The extent of the damage is truly amazing.

海啸卷起了所经之处的一切The tsunami picked up everything in its path,

汽车民宅仓库cars, houses, ware houses,

就这样残酷地将一切不断地推向内陆and just tumbled them relentlessly inland, on and on and on.

我关心的是海啸究竟深入到什么地方One of the things I'd like to see is exactly how far it went, 如此巨大的海啸留下了怎样的废墟what kind of debris gets left behind on these gigantic tsunamis.

比尔汉姆是第一位Bilham is the first geologist

对灾情进行空中观察的地震学家to conduct an aerial survey of the damage.

这场灾难的一切细节都被地震仪应变计Every detail of the disaster has been recorded by seismometers,

以及潮汐计记录了下来strain gauges and tidal gauges,

专家们便能据此分析究竟发生了什么allowing experts to analyse exactly what happened.

但毫无疑问But this was first and foremost

这是一场规模巨大的人间浩劫a human tragedy on an unimaginable scale.

我发疯了似的想弄清楚情况

于是就来到这里

它卷走了日本大量的基础设施It ripped away much of Japan's infrastructure.

世界上最发达的国家之一被打翻在地One of the world's most developed nations, brought to its knees.

当救援人员在废墟中搜索时As rescue workers pick through the debris,

比尔汉姆以及世界上其他的地震学家Bilham and other scientists around the world

开始挑战分析大地震这一难题take on the challenge of understanding the massive earthquake, 希望日后能避免这样的伤亡in the hope of one day avoiding such loss of life.

震源在海岸线公里外The source of the disaster lay kilometres off the coast.

在水下公里处Beneath six kilometres water,

地球正在扭曲变形the Earth is distorting,

这是一次巨大而又缓慢的碰撞a vast, slow-motion collision.

地壳是由数块构造板块组成The Earth's crust is made up of several

每块都有一个洲那么大continent-sized slabs of rock, tectonic plates.

日本就处在板块的边界上Japan lies on a boundary between these plates.

太平洋板块每年向内挤压厘米The Pacific plate is ramming into it at eight centimetres a year,

和人们手指甲的生长速度差不多about the same speed your fingernails grow.

太平洋板块插入到欧亚板块下方The Pacific plate drives underneath it

同时不断扯动欧亚板块snagging and catching as it goes.

日本所在的板块在拉扯下压缩弯折The plate that Japan sits on compresses and buckles under the strain.

几十年几百年Over decades and centuries,

积累了巨大的能量immense stresses build up.

造成这场海啸的能量The energy that drove this earthquake

积聚了几百年had been building up for a couple of hundred years.

这是由太平洋板块向欧亚板块移动造成的It is caused by the movement of the Pacific plate towards the Eurasian plate.

想象一下一根Think of it as a giant elastic band

上了两百年的发条that is being wound up for years.

年月日On March th ,

日本时间点分at : pm Japanese time,

压力达到了临界点the stresses reached breaking point.

地震中释放的能量非常大The amount of energy released in an earthquake of this size is really huge

汤姆·乔顿\N南加州地震中心主管

得用很大的单位来计量and you have to measure it in large units.

如果用广岛原子弹来计If you take the atomic bomb that devastated Hiroshima,

其释放的能量相当于两百万颗广岛原子弹this event was probably two million of those,

能量非常大a really huge amount of energy.

震波辐射开来Shockwaves radiated out.

较快的波是纵波The fastest, known as P-waves,

它能以每秒公里的速度传播travelled at six kilometres a second.

日本的监测系统立刻感应到了纵波Japan's detection systems pick them up instantly.

几秒钟内Within seconds,