高中英语语法——情态动词总结(附带练习)

情态动词总结

I 情态动词的特征：

1.本身有词义。

2.不能独立作谓语。

2. 后接动词原形一起构成谓语。

3. 不随人称和数的变化。

II 情态动词各自的基本意义及用法：

1.大多数情态动词（除表‘能力、许可、意志’外），都可以表示推测，其程度有差异。按可能性程度的高低排列为：must﹥will ﹥would ﹥ought to ﹥should

完全肯定完全可能很可能

﹥can ﹥could﹥may ﹥might

可能有可能

2. 区分情态动词的否定含义：may not或许不、可能不might not可能不can’t 不可能mustn’t不许、禁止shouldn’t不应该needn’t 不必

1.情态动词表推测的反意疑问句，简单来说，就是以情态动词后的时态为淮，如句子里有明确的时间状语，则以其为准。

2.以must 为例：

E.g. 1. You must be hungry now, aren’t you?

2. He must be watching TV , isn’t he ?

3 Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasn’t he ?

4. She must have arrived yesterday, didn’t she?

注：如选择题中（以She must have arrived yesterday, didn’t she？为例）既有didn’t she又有hasn’t she则以didn’t she？为最佳答案。

IV 情态动词专项练习与解析一

( ) 1. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. may not

( ) 2. Where is my pen? I _____ it.

A. might lose

B. would have lost

C. should have lost

D. must have lost

( ) 3. I wish I _____ you yesterday.

A. seen

B. did see

C. had seen

D. were to see

( ) 4. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.

A. must be

B. must have been

C. should be

D. should have been

( ) 5. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____ me from going.

A. had been; would have prevented

B. had been; would prevent

C. were; would prevent

D. were; would have prevented

( ) 6. He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.

A. might have given

B. might have

C. may have given

D. may give

( ) 7. If it _____ for the snow, we _____ the mountain yesterday.

A. were not; could have climbed

B. were not; could climb

C. had not been; could have climbed

D. had not been; could climb

( ) 8. Without electricity human life _____ quite difficult today.

A. is

B. will be

C. would have been

D. would be

( ) 9. A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.

A. can’t

B. couldn’t

C. may not

D. might not

( ) 10. Jenny _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.

A. must

B. should

C. need

D. would

( )11. We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.

A. must have studied

B. might study

C. should have studied

D. would study

( ) 12. — Could I borrow your dictionary?

— Yes, of course you _____.

A. might

B. will

C. can

D. should

( ) 13. Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.

A. have told

B. tell

C. be telling

D. having told ( ) 14. — If he _____, he _____ that food.

— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. was warned; would not take

B. had been warned; would not have taken

C. would be warned; had not taken

D. would have been warned; had not taken ( ) 15. Peter _____ come with us tonig ht, but he isn’t very sure yet.

A. must

B. may

C. can

D. will

( ) 16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her.

A. had to write it out

B. must have written it out

C. should have written it out

D. ought to write it out

( ) 17. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.

A. has come

B. did come

C. came

D. had come ( ) 18. — Shall I tell John about it?

—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.

A. needn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t ( ) 19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D. had been broken

( ) 20. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.

A. must

B. need

C. should

D. can

( ) 21.— There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.

— It _____ a comfortable journey.

A. can’t be

B. shouldn’t be

C. mustn’t have been

D. couldn’t have been ( ) 22. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself.

A. won’t; can’t

B. mustn’t; may

C. shouldn’t; must

D. can’t; shouldn’t ( ) 23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.

A. had to

B. would

C. could

D. was able to ( ) 24. — When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

— They _____ be ready by 12:00.

A. can

B. should

C. might

D. need

( ) 25. — I stayed at a hotel while in New York.

— Oh, did you? You _____ with Barbara.

A. could have stayed

B. could stay

C. would stay

D. must have stayed ( ) 26. — Will you stay for lunch?

— Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.

A. I mustn’t

B. I can’t

C. I needn’t

D. I won’t