2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16：【特殊句式】附答案

2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】
高考英语特殊句式用法速查速记
考点一倒装句
完全倒装表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here, there, now, then, up, down, away, off, in, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主语为名词时
部分倒装否定副词(never, neither, nor, hardly, little, seldom, rarely等)或表示否定意义的介词短语(at no time, by no means, on no condition, in no case等)置于句首时only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时
so/neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此/也不……”
在not only...but (also)．..句型中，若not only置于句首时，需将not only所在的句子部分倒装
not until...置于句首时，主句需部分倒装
so...that...和such...that...句式中，so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时，主句需部分倒装
例：Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural are as.
直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。

Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.
他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时之后才做决定。

We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work.
我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。

John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开门，一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。

考点二强调句
1．陈述句式：It is/was...that/who...(强调主语且主语为人时可用that或who，其他情况只用that) 一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋...that/who...?
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...?
例：It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次偶然遇见我的新邻居们。

Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．“not...until...”的强调句：It is/was not until...that...
It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its
beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。

3.强调谓语动词，用do/does/did＋动词原形。

该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。

Do come on time this evening.今天晚上一定要准时来啊。

He did write to you last week.上周他确实给你写信了。

Tom does study hard now.现在Tom 的确学习很努力。

考点三其他特殊句式
一、省略句
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。

例：Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。

2．不定式的省略
(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语), 只保留不定式符号to。

常用在expect, hope, intend, mean, try, want, wish等词后。

例：Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don’t want to.
首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。

(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do, 后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略to。

例：If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.
如果他接受这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。

注意：特殊的省略结构：if 省略结构，常作为插入语来处理。

if so如果这样的话
if not 如果不；不然的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if any 如果有的话
二、感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an＋(adj.＋)单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.＋)不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./ad v.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
例：What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I’ve never seen it before.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从未见过。

The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。

三、祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。

祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。

祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don’t, 也可用副词never来构成。

祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。

例：Do your homework before you watch TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。

四、there be句型
1．there be 句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。

并且be有时可用live, remain, stand, lie, exist, seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used to be等替换。

例：There have been many great changes in our country since then.
自从那时起我国发生了很多大的变化。

Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。

2．there be句型的常考句型：
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.
做某事没有意义。

There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.
(某人)没有必要做某事。

例：There is no difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.
做某事没有困难。

There is no possibility of (doing) sth.
(做)某事没有可能性。

There is no possibility that...
……是不可能的。

答题技巧点拨巧解特殊句式
1．熟记句型结构，轻松确定答案
常考的特殊句型都有一定的规律和句式结构，只要平时记住这些规律和特征，便可轻松确定答案。

比如强调句基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”，其判断方法：若去掉It is/was和that/who之后，句子仍完整，则题干为强调句。

2．巧用还原法，化难为易
对于一些特殊句型，一般情况下，考生可以把它还原为正常句型，如把倒装语序还原为正常语序，把省略句补全等，便能降低解题难度。

高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】测试题
一、倒装句
单句语法填空
1. I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol，and ______was my friend Mike.
2. So touching ______the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
3. One has reason to believe that China's anti-corruption over the past few years，tough ______it is，has achieved inspiring progress.
4. Only then ______we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.
5. So necessary _______I found it to learn about my kid's schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.
6. Not a.single word ______he say when he was asked，which made his parents angry.
7. It is required that under no circumstances _______we betray ourselves even if there are temptations like money or beauty.
8. Only after Mary read her essay the second time _______she notice the spelling mistake.
9. Never ______it realistic fo r Europe to lay too much hope on China it since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.
10.He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper，because barely ______(can) he make ends meet.
11. Not until I returned _______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
12. By the side of the playground of our school ______(stand) the new library，which was built in 2018 with the support of a generous businessman.
二、强调句
单句语法填空
1. In my life，it is mus which is extremely important___brings me closer to my friends and family.
2.Although it was ten years ago ______I read the book，it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on.
3. It wasn't until in high school _______I began to trust other people again.
4. In recent years，stress has been regarded as a cause of medical problems. However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress _______does you harm.
5. It is how you handle each challenge ________counts.
6. In that way，World Read Aloud Day _______help make a difference.
7. It was what he meant rather than what he said _______annoyed me.
8. It's not what you have in your life but _______you have in your life that matters.
9. Who was it ______played a trick on the new English teacher?
10. ---Where did you come across our Chinese teacher?
---It was in the supermarket _______I purchased moon cakes.
11. It's unnecessary and it's not important at all. We nee ant care about it. It is one's inner beauty______ matters.
12. ---Was itat1lo'clock ______your father came back last night?
---Yes，he is always coming back so late.
13. ---What do you think it is _______has brought worldwide attention to China?
---Rapid and steady economic growth，of course.
14. It was at the entrance of the zoo _______he me this girl friend who had been to London for a better post on.
15. Why!I have nothing to explain. What is it_______you want me to say?
三、There be句式、省略句及插入语
1. Yes，of course they celebrate Christmas here，and there are obvious ly displays in shops and Christmas markets，but ______seem to be no signs of Christmas adverts.
2. Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while_______(train) him.
3. ______is no doubt that human activity，which does great harm to the environment，is the main cause.
4. Are you too old for fairy tales? If you think _______, Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.
5. And I'd like to know why Chinese people use chopsticks. ______not knives and forks，like Americans?
6. So long as we have some，that's enough. And we can learn_______to spend money.
7. No. And that's not all. The bus was one hour late. Worse_______，it picked up passengers on the way to our destination.
8. ---Tom：Yes.I think the underground is the most convenient way to travel in London.
---Mary：I think ______ too.
9.Smoking not only does harm to their health _______to others.
10. Caroline：I think，it was interesting. Joyce：______do I. I hear Mike is likely to win all the prizes in the exams this year.
11. To be honest，I really can't understand how ______people depend on that way to make friends. It's kind of risky.
12. To the couple's great surprise，the house was in a mess as if ______(break) into.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. There has a big library in our school.
2. Therefore，it was no doubt that I was left alone，suffering from loneliness and failure.
3. Once upon a time，it was a boy whose parents named him Odd.
4. Just as the old saying goes，Happiness lies in contentment.” Only in this way we relax ourselves and achieve more progress.
5. It is working teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more efficient.
6. There is not everybody that can draw so well.
7. Is it Tom that you saw yesterday?
8. Bob hoped it would be him who would be invited.
9. It is the people who is really powerful.
10. It is at the gate where she will be waiting for me.
11. It was noon that we got to the small village：
12. It was since the bus broke down on the way to the station that we missed the train.
13. Where was it she found her lost necklace?
14. Among them were a soldier who was wounded in the stomach.
15. Not until Mr.Smith came to China didn't he know what kind of a country she is.
16. While was walking along the street，I heard my name called.
17. You must attend the meeting unless it inconvenient to you.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
A：Nowadays，the science and technology is developing very fast，___1___it?
B：Yes. If we want to keep pace with the development of society，we'll have to update our knowledge now and then.
A：Hardly had I lost my previous job___2___I realized how important it was to adjust to the new society. We must learn to fit in or we'll fall behind.
B：I agree with you on that.It was not until the 1980s___3___we began to attach importance to taking advantage of modern technology. So much___4___we made good use of computer science that it can be seen in every field over the past decades.
A：Yes，there is little doubt that having a good knowledge of computer is of vital importance，___5___there?
B：Yes，of course，It was in 1998___6___my father bought a computer for his business. Not until then___7___he realize___8___fast and convenient it was to make the best of the computer.
A：I’ve heard that a new type of computer is on show.
B：If___9___，let's go to see it after work. By the way，where is it___l0___the exhibition is being held?
A：It is in the market located in the centre of the town.
B：I see.
高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】测试题答案详解
一、倒装句
I.单句语法填空
1. so根据句意判断，所填的词要能表达出后一种情况与前面情况相同这一意义，故用so.构
成“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词十主语”这种倒装结构，表示“......也……
2.did句意：这首歌如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就热泪盈眶。

当“so+形容词”置于
句首时，主句应用部分倒装：根据从句时态可知，应用一般过去时，故填助动词did构成倒装结构。

3.as/though句意：有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就，虽然
该活动很艰难。

as/though引导让步状语从句采用倒装句式。

4.did句意：只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。

我太害怕了以至于一动不动，“only+状
语”位于句首时，后面的句子需要部分倒装。

本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故填did。

5.have考查so...that倒装句式，正常语序为I have found it so necessary to learn about my kid's schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.
6.did否定副词not位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，由when he was asked可知应用助动词did
倒装。

7.should句意为：要求我们在任何情况下都不能背叛自己，即使在像金钱、美色的诱惑面前。

在It is required后的that从句中，其谓语动词要用should+动词原形。

under no circumstances 置于从句句首，故从句需部分倒装，故设空处填should。

8.did句意：只有当玛丽第二次读文章时，她才注意到拼写错误。

Only的倒装有两个条件：only放在句首，且强调的是状语。

本题中only放在了句首，强调的是时间状语从句after Mary read her essay the sec-on d time，所以后面使用倒装句的形式；根据上文的read说明本句使用过去时，故答案是did。

9.is句意：对于欧洲而言从来没有把太多的希望放在中国，这是现实的，因为债务问题将只
能由欧洲国家自己来解决。

否定词never放在句首，后面使用倒装句。

10.could句意：因为人不敷出，当他在报纸上看到这则广告时抓住了机会。

否定副词barely
位于从句句首时句子要进行部分倒装，将助动词、情态动词或系动词be等置于主语前，再结合句意可知，答案为could。

11.did考查倒装句。

句意：直到回来，我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的。

not until
放在句首，后面的主句要倒装。

因为谓语动词为实义动词realize，故要用助动词did并提到主语前面。

12.stands考察全部倒装句。

这里地点状语位于句首，则后面句子要用完全倒装。

主语是第
三人称单数the new library。

故填stands。

二、强调句
I.单句语法填空
1.that考查强调句型。

根据强调句型的构成可知此处填that。

2.that分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语，所以填that。

3.that句意为：直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。

本句考查强调句型”It is/was十被强调
部分+that十其他成分”。

4.that设空处所在句句意为：但是，像很多其他的事情一样，只有太多的压力才会伤害到你。

第二句中，去掉it is及设空处，句子结构和意义仍然完整，因此此句为强调句，其基本句型为“It is/was+被强调部分that/who+其他”。

本句被强调的部分为事物，故填that。

5.that句意为：你怎样处理每一个挑战很重要. 本题考查强调句型(It is/was十被强调部分+ that/who十其他成分). 本句中被强调部分为how you handle each challenge，表示“非人”，故填that。

6.does句意为：通过那种方式，世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响。

本句主语为单数第三
人称，设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形help，根据提示词do可知本题考查强调。

do/does/did 放在实义动词前表示强调。

本句主语为单数第三人称，故填does。

7.that句意：是他话里的意思而不是他说的话把我惹恼了。

考查强调句。

强调主语what he meant rather than what he said。

8.who考查强调句型的用法。

句意：重要的不是你在生活中拥有什么而是你拥有谁。

题干中not what you have in your life but______ you have in your life是强调句中的被强调部分，根据前者的what，判断but后的从句中缺少have的宾语。

9.that句意：是谁捉弄了新来的英语教师?考套强调句。

Who was it that...?为强调主语的特殊疑
问句形式，意为“究竟是谁…?”。

10.where句意：-—你是在哪里遇到我们语文老师的? 就是在我买月饼的那家超市里。

答语是
强调句式，省略了“that I came across our Chinese teacher”。

“ I purchased moon cakes”是定语从句，空处在句中作地点状语，故用where。

11.that考查强调句型。

重要的是内在美。

根据结构可知此处是强调句型it is/was十被强调部
分十that/who+其他。

此处强调的是主语one's inner beauty。

12.that句意：—你爸爸昨晚是11点回来的吗? -是的，他总是这么晚回来。

此题考查强调句。

被强调的部分是at1l o'clock，故填that。

13.that句意: ---你认为是什么使得全世界关注中国? ---当然是快速而稳定的经济增长。

本句考
查作宾语的强调句且强调句用于特殊疑问句中，被强调部分为what，故本空应填that。

14.that考查强调句型。

强调句型：It is/was十被强调部分十that/who十其他部分，把it was......that去掉，句子完整，所以句子中用了强调句型，故填that。

15.that考查强调句。

句意：为什么!我没什么要解释的，你到底想要我说什么。

根据题干中what是被强调的部分，故填that。

三、There be句式、省略句及插入语等
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.there句意：当然他们在这里庆祝圣诞节，而且很明有圣诞广告的迹象。

考查there be句型，be动词可显商店和圣诞节市场里有很多展览品，但是似乎没用lie，exist, seem, remain等替代。

2.training考査状语从句的省略。

根据宾语him判断.train在此是动词，其逻辑主语与句子的主
语一致.且二者为主动关系，故填现在分词。

3.There句意为：毫无疑问，非常危害环境的人类活动是主要原因。

“There is no doubt that...”
为固定句型.意为：毫无疑问…。

4.so 句意为：你是不是老得连童话都不想听了?如果你这样认为, 哥本哈根肯定会改变你的想
法。

本句考查省略。

so被置于believe，hope，suppose，think等动词后以避免重复。

本句中so用来代替you are too old for fairy tales。

5.Why考查固定表达。

我想知道为什么中国人用筷子，为什么不像美国人一样用刀叉呢?固定
表达why not...为什么不…呢?
6.how考查固定表达。

我们能学会如何花钱。

learn后面跟的是“疑问词十to do”结构。

7.still，考查固定表达，worse still更糟糕的是。

8.so考查固定表达。

I think so，too.我也是这么想的。

9.but(also)考查固定表达。

抽烟不仅对自己的健康也对别人的健康有害。

not only...but(also) ...
不仅…，而且……
10.So考查固定表达。

So do I.我也认为如此。

e考查固定表达。

我不理解人们怎么依靠这种方式来交朋友。

how come为什么，怎么
会…(那样)。

12.broken考查省略句。

句意：让这对夫妇大吃一惊的是房子乱七八糟似乎被破门而人一样。

当as i从句的主语和主句一致时，主语和后面的动词经常省略。

此处是被动语态as if后省略了it was，故填broken。

Ⅱ.单句改错
1.has→is句意为：我们学校有一个很大的图书馆。

本题考查there be句型。

没有there have/has 句型。

2.it→there there is no doubt that...是一个固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”。

3.it→there句意为；从前有一个男孩儿，他的父母给他取名叫Odd。

本题考查“there be”句型，
意为：有...
4.way后加can或者will当“only+状语”位于句首时，要用部分倒装。

5.which→that句意为：是团队合作精神而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服了困难并使我的工作
效率更高。

本句考查强调句型。

强调句型为：It is/was十被强调部分十that十其他成分。

由此可见需将which改为that。

6.There→It考查强调句。

强调句式为It is/was加被强调部分，不管被强调部分在句中是什么
成分，也不管被强调部分的单复数，句式一律是it was/is加被强调部分。

7.Is→Was考查强调句。

应用过去时was，从句与主句的时态应该是一致的。

8.him→ he考查强调句。

强调句式强调的是主语，用主格。

9.第二个is→are 考查强调句。

本句强调的是主语the people，谓语用复数，所以要将第二个is改为are。

10.where→that 考查强调句。

强调句式中只能用that引导句子的其他部分：如果强调的是主
语，指人，可以用who引导句子其他部分。

11.noon前加at考查强调句。

强调时间状语at noon。

12.since→because考查强调句。

车抛错是没有赶上火车的原因，强调原因只能用because，
13.在she前面加that考查强调句。

强调句式的特殊疑问句，疑问词+is/was it+that十句子其他
部分。

14.were→was考查倒装句，此句为倒装句，主语是a soldier，谓语动词用单数。

15.didn't→did 考查倒装句。

当Not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。

其结构为：Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词(肯定形式)+(主句)主语十谓语十…
16.去掉was或在was前加主语Ⅰ考查省略句。

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件：①主句和从
句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是，be的某种形式。

从句中的主语和be 动词常可省略。

17.去掉it或者在it后面加is考查省略句。

除非情况对你来说不方便，否则你必须出席这次
会议。

当状语从句的主语是it，且谓语动词是be时，it和be可以完全不要。

Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了科技电脑的重要性。

1.isn’t反意疑问句的结构为：陈述句为肯定句，反意疑问句部分用否定式。

2.when 解析Hardly had sb.done when-为固定倒装句式，意为“一就
3.that 解析It was not until...that...为固定强调句型。

4.have 解析so十形容词/副词位于句首，句子采用部分倒装。

5，is 解析There is little..的反意疑问句为is there。

6.that 解析It was ...that...为强调句型。

7.did 解析Not until位于句首，句子采用部分倒装，in 1998与一般过去时连用。

8.how 解析how+形容词+主语十谓语，为感叹句的结构。

9.so 解析if so如果这样的话。

10.that解析该空为强调句型的特殊疑问句式。