高中英语语法 形容词副词

形容词及副词

一、形容词

1.(1)作定语It’s a beautiful day today.

注意：形容词修饰something, anything, nothing等复合不定代词时要后置。

I have something important to tell you.

以a-开头的表状态的形容词（afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, unable, worth）要后置。He was the only man awake at that time.

2).作表语Don’t feel sad. Tasting good, this kind of cake sells well.

3).作宾补We must keep our classroom clean.

4).作状语The boy went to school, cold and hungry.

2.以ly结尾的形容词friendly lovely lively silly fatherly motherly weekly daily monthly yearly deadly lonely manly timely likely

3表倍数的几种句式

1)……倍数+as+形容词原级+as…..

2)……倍数+比较级+than …………

3)……倍数+the+名词（size/length / width / height /depth）+ of …

4) The +名词+ be + ….倍数+ what从句

5) The +名词+ be + ….倍数+ that/ those of ….

Asia is four times as large as Europe.= Asia is four times larger than Europe.= Asia is four times the size of Europe.

The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.

The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.

4 形容词+ly变副词的规则

1）一般情况加-ly. quick---quickly brave---bravely immediate---immediately

2) 以“y”结尾的，且读音为/ i /，先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily easy---easily但是如果读音为/ ai /，直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; shy---shyly

3) 以le结尾，去e 加y: simple---simply gentle---gently comfortable---comfortably possible ---possibly probable ---probably terrible---terribly considerable-considerably incredible-incredibly但是whole-wholly例外。

4) 元音字母加e结尾，去e加ly: true---truly due---duly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely

5) ll结尾只加y: full--- fully dull---dully

6) ic 结尾加ally: basic ---basically scientific---scientifically但是public-publicly例外

7) hurry名词或动词，hurried 形容词，hurriedly副词unexpectedly

5形容词的比较级及最高级变化规则

1）一般加-er 或-est。strong—stronger—strongest

2）以字母e结尾直接加-r 或-st. late—later—latest fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest

3）需双写结尾字母后再加-er 或-est。glad –gladder –gladdest hot—hotter –hottest thin—thinner –thinnest big –bigger –biggest fat—fatter –fattest wet—wetter –wettest sad—sadder –saddest red –redder –reddest slim—slimmer – slimmest

4）变y为i再加-er 或-est。angry – angrier – angriest merry –merrier – merriest pretty – prettier—prettiest ugly – uglier – ugliest early—earlier – earliest easy—easier –easiest happy – happier – happiest

5）其他双音节或多音节词，加more或most：enthusiastic –more enthusiastic –most enthusiastic

不规则变化

Good / well --- better – most bad/ ill --- worse --- worst little – less – least Much/ many – more --- most

far --- farther距离更远/further 距离更远或程度更深入—farthest/furthest

old—older (指年龄较长的；新旧) / elder (只指年龄较长的) --- oldest/ eldest

副词

1 基本用法1）做状语Look at the photo carefully.

2) 少数地点或时间副词，如：here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、above、below、yesterday、today、tomorrow等作后置定语。

The people there were very friendly. Do you know the man upstairs?

3) 作表语，如：in、out、on、back、up、down、off、away、downstairs、upstairs等Is the radio on or off?