最新外研版九年级英语定语从句的用法

定语从句的基本结构是：
先行词 + 引导词 + 定语从句。
合并句子
• 1.Mary is a girl. • Mary has long hair. • Mary is a girl who has long hair. • 2.The woman is in red. • The woman is my mother. • The woman who is in red is my mother.
语法复习课件---定语从句
英语中，在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接定语从句和先行词的连词叫引 导词（也叫关联词），通常放在定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的引导词可以是关系代词（如that, which, who, whom 或关系副词（如when, where, why等）。
2、关系副词
1）when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例如： Could you still remember the time when the train left? 你还记得列车发车的时间吗？
I’ll never forget the date when I joined the League. 我绝不会忘记我入团的日期。 2）where表示地点，在从句中作地点状语。例如： Is this the shoe factory where your father works? 这是你父亲工作的鞋厂吗？ Please show me the place where the accident happened. 请带我到事故发生的现场去。
• 3.The man is a farmer. • The man is speaking at the meeting. • The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
一、判断定语从句引导词的一般规律：
1、关系代词
1）that既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。例如： Who’s the boy that is reading a book? 正在看书的这个男孩是谁？（指人，作主语）
The man that you talked to is my uncle. 和你说话的那个人是我叔叔。（指人，作宾语）
1. I have a friendwho/that ________ likes listening to classical music. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the which/that new dress __________ I gave her. 3. The man ______ whose leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
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saw. 只能使用which的情况。 1、非限制性定语从句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介词之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.
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等修饰时。
• eg. I have some books that are very good. • 3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 • eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. • The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.
Whom 作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
分解 The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman.
作宾语
whose 作定语从句的定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
• Exercises : • Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns
and adverbs.
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that you cleaned last time? 1. Is this the room ____ where we lived before? 2. Is this the room ____ 3. This is the garden where ____ they stayed for a night. that they visited last time. 4. This is the garden ____ when he left his 5. Tom has forgotten the day ____ home. that 6. Tom has forgotten the day ____ I told him last day. when 7. She still remembers the year ____ she found her first job. that 8. She still remembers the year ____ she spent in
The woman who lives next door is a teacher.
• 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 • 使用that的情况： • 1、当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all,
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each等不定代词时。 eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2、当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each
• 4、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only
等词修饰时。
• eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. • 5、当先行词又有人又有物时。 • eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I
The train that has just left is for Shanghai. 刚发车的这趟列车是去上海的。（指物，作主语）
Can you show me the photo （that） you like best? 你能把你最喜欢的这张照片给我看看吗？（指物，作宾语）
2）whose既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当定语。例如： This is the girl whose math book is lost. 这就是丢了数学书的女孩。（指人，作定语） The house whose windows are closed is mine. 窗户都关着的这栋房子就是我家。（指物，作定语） 3）which用来指代事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如： Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. 瞧瞧那些在空中飞舞的风筝。（指物，作主语） The pen （which） I’m using is pretty good. 我正在用的这支笔相当好。（指物，作宾语） 4）who用来指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如： Could you recognize the thief who stole your things? 你能认出偷了你的东西的那个小偷吗？（作主语） The man （who） you want to meet has come. 你要见的人来了。（作宾语）
3）why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词通常是reason一词。例如： Do you know the reason why he was late for school? 你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？
Please tell me the reasHale Waihona Puke Baidun why you won’t come. 请告诉我你不能来的原因。
I know the girl. 分解 The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可
省略. The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
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修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。 当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。 eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there? 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。 eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys. 关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从 句中充当定语，修饰先行词。 eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful. Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out
is too difficult for him.
that 7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town.
that 8.All _____ _ we can do is to study hard. that stands up is a 9. The first one _____
who, whom, whose, that用法区别 .
who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker. 分解 The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主语
little boy.
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生. This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life. 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔. The man who is running is my uncle.
3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.
I like the music that I can sing along with. 4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.
先行词 关系代词
关系词
定语从句 关系副词 Where, when
which, who, whom, whose, that
定语从句的用法:
当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.
which/that 4. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old.
whom John spoke is 5. The boy with _______ my brother.
which/that 6. Kevin is reading a book __________