英美报刊阅读新闻标题

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1. Allowance to be cut in 200,000 families (政府消减津 贴波及二十万家庭) 比较:reduced
2. Reshuffle axes France’s cabinet (法国政府改组 阁 员人数锐减) 比较:reduce drastically
3. Ethiopia Jails Jews Escaping to Israel (逃往 以色列未果 埃犹太人险囹圄)
BBC Considering Starting Global Television Service (BBC is Considering Starting (the) Global Television Service)
Deposits, Loans Rising In Shanghai. (Deposits And Loans Are Rising In Shanghai)
例如: 表示并列成分之间的停顿。
Guangzhou Fair Closes, Trade Booms =》The Guangzhou Fair Closes And The Trade Booms (广交会闭幕 交易量火爆)
2)冒号(colon)除了用在引语之前表示“说” 外,还经常被用 来代替联系动词“Be”。
比较:put into prison
3. Bush’s Approval Rating Plunges to New Low
4. Great Wall at Top of “World’s New Seven Wonders”
5. Both Ends of Films to Be Shortened
6. Lots of Fruit in Childhood Cuts Adult Cancer Risk
Against Terrorism Needed——Brown =>Brown says that World Unity Against Terrorism is Needed (布朗表 示:全世界需联手反恐)
4. ion
4)分号(semicolon) 表示两层意思。
此外,标题采用动词的一般现在时还可省去动词过去 式构成中常见的“ed”两个字母,节省标题字数。 Russian Leader Meets Fidel Castro In Cuba (Russian Leader Meets (Met) Fidel Castro )
In Gunfire, Explosions Rock Mumbai Hotel (Gunfire and Explosions Rocked a Mumbai Hotel)
Europe Tested by Financial Crisis (Europe is Tested by Financial Crisis)
33 Killed in Northeast India Fighting (33 are Killed in Northeast India Fighting)
例如:Health Survey: New Yorker Fitter, Slimmer =》 Health Survey says (that) New Yorker is Fitter and Slimmer (健康调查称纽约人更加健康和苗条)
Shanghai: Resplendent Pearl Of New China. =》Shanghai Is A Resplendent Pearl Of New China (上海:新中国的璀璨 明珠)
4. Punctuation
3)破折号(dash) 主要用于在引进某一说法时,破折号交 代说话者身份,既可以表示引语本身可能比说话人更 重要, 又可使标题内容更加直接、真实。例如: Political Efforts Vital to Reform—— Party Leader => Party Leader says that Political Efforts Are Vital to Reform World Unity
Part II: Wording Features
英语新闻标题大都喜欢选用字形短小、音节不多而意 义又比较广泛的词
优势: 1. 不但可节省、美化版面,还可增强新闻的简洁性和
可读性 2. 这些小词均为带有新闻体特色的词汇,并且词义范
畴很宽,新闻英语称这类词为“万能同义 词”(synonyms of all work)。
英语报刊新闻标题
1. Grammatical Features 2. Wording Features 3. Rhetorical Features
Part I: Grammatical Features
1. Omission
Omission of function words, such as articles, possessive pronouns, ‘be’ verbs, auxiliary verbs, etc.省略冠词、物 主代词、系动词、助动词,等等
1) Combat on the Web 网络之战 2)TB on the Rise Again in London 伦敦地区结核病卷土
重来
1. Global Poll: Fashion Models “Too Thin”
2. What Declining Registration Rate for PostGrad Exam Mean?
6. Lots of Fruit in one’s Childhood Cuts an Adult Cancer Risk(孩提时水果摄入多 成年后癌症风险低)
7. The US and Russia are Warned of a Repeat of the Cold War (俄美受到警告,谨防冷战重现)
新闻用了过去时态,容易给人一种陈旧感,被认为新 闻 不“新”。 e.g: Heavy Rain Lashed City vs Heavy Rain Lashes City 一般现在时从形式上来增强报道的新 鲜感(Freshness)、现实感(Reality)、 直接感 (Immediacy)。
2. Tense
Three Dead After Inhaling Oven Gas. =>Three Are Dead After Inhaling Oven Gas
Political Efforts Vital to Reform- Party Leader => Political Efforts Are Vital to ReformParty Leader
Journalist Fired in Spy Debate--
A Journalist is Fired in a Spy Debate (涉嫌间谍案 纠纷 一记者被炒鱿鱼)
3. Voice
其实,英文新闻标题使用动词的主动语态的频 率远远超过被动语态。只有在事件或动作的接 受者比执行者更重要时才使用被动语态,突出 强调宾语部分,引起读者注意。
4. Punctuation
英语新闻标题一贯注重结构精练,不使用标点的情 况占了绝大多数。
例如,使用陈述句的标题都省略句号。即便使用某 个标点符号,其主要目的不外乎两种:
1. 区分表示各句子成分或意群之间的 关系; 2. 进一步节省标题字数。
4. Punctuation
1)逗号(comma)常被用来代替连词“and”,表示并列成分 之间的停顿。
The Gay-Marriage Flap; The Government is out of Step (also Rhyme) (同性婚姻遭抨击;政府背离公众舆论)
5) 用单引号代替双引号(single/double quotation marks) Iran’s nuclear threat ‘hyped’, says UN watchdog (联合国观察机构表示:伊朗核威胁被“夸大”)
2. Tense
新闻标题中一般不用过去时态,而 采用现在时态 ,使 读者阅报时一如现在时态置身于这条新闻事件中,这 叫做 “新闻现在时”(Journalistic Present Tense),与 文学写作中的 “历史现在时”(Historical Present Tense) 实际上完全一样。
37 Killed in Italian Plane Crash => 37 Killed in an Italian Plane Crash
Mother, Daughter Share Fulbright Year => (A) Mother (and) Her Daughter Share (a) Fulbright Year 母女同享 富布莱特访学年
注意:当标题中出现时间状语时,动词用过去时。
例如: Unemployment in U.K. Increased in October 十 月份英国失业率上升
2. Tense
英语新闻标题中常用的动词时态主要有三种: 一般现 在时、现在进行时和一般将来时。
对于正在发生的事态或动作,英语新闻标题采 用“Be+ 现在分词”这一形式,但其中“Be” 又通常省略。因 此,剩下的ing分词便在新闻标题中直接表示正在进行 的动作或正在发展 的事态。例如:
7. US, Russia Warned of Repeat of Cold War
1. A Global Poll Shows Fashion Models are “Too Thin”(全球调查:时装模特“太瘦”)
2. What Does the Declining Registration Rate for the Post-Grad Exam Mean?(考研热为何降温?)
Financier Killed By Burglars => (A) Financier Is Killed By Burglars
Moscow’s Food Prices Soaring => Moscow’s Food Prices Are Soaring
保留冠词、连词和系动词等虚词:顾全某些习语或词组 的完整性
2. Tense
标题中动词的将来时:
1)will+动词原形 Next Century will Challenge Law of Land
2)更多采用“be+动词不定式”,其中be通 常省略, 以节省标题字数。即动词不定式 在英语新闻标题中可 直接表示未来动作。 例如:
Romania to Buy Iran Oil at $35 a Barrel =>Romania is to Buy Iran Oil at $35 a Barrel
Largest Chinese Trade Delegation to Visit US in Nov. => Largest Chinese Trade Delegation is to Visit US in Nov.
3. Voice
英语新闻标题中,动词表示被动语态时,被动语态 结构“be+过去分词”中的助动词“be” 通常被 省略。即,用过去分词直接表示被动语态。同时, “by”和它引出的动作的执行 者也经常省略。如:
3. Bush’s Approval Rating Plunges to a New Low(布什 支持率跌至历史新低)
4. The Great Wall is at the Top of the “World’s New Seven Wonders”(长城跻身“世界新七大奇迹”之首) 5. Both Ends of Films are to Be Shortened(片头片尾 将 “减肥”)
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