托福阅读十大题型解题方法

The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that deposited … - particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles
-
非代词
TPO 1-1-5. The phrase “glacial outwash” in the passage refers to ○fast rivers ○glaciers ○the huge volumes of water created by glacial melting ○the particles carried in water from melting glaciers
代词
TPO 1-2-5. The word “this” in the passage refers to ○the acting out of rites ○the divorce of ritual performers from the rest of society ○the separation of myths from rites ○the celebration of supernatural forces
Another seemingly plausible explanation—that infants do not form enduring memories at this point in development—also is incorrect.
指代题
出题方式 The word “X”in the passage refers to… 考查关键 单词间的指代关系，尤其是代词与其指代本体 间的关系，（对长难句主干的把握） 应对技巧 往前找，两个一致 1. 数量——单、复数 2. 性质——动作发出者的特性
在文章里，它认得我， 词以类记 我不认得它 美剧、电影情景记忆
词汇题解题技巧
1. 2.
认识 直接选 + 带回文章确认 选不出通过词义褒贬色彩判断 + 带回 文章确认
不认识 词根词缀 回文章找同、反义对应
1. 2.
认识——褒义色彩
TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○changed ○debated ○created ○supported
But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites. When this occurs…
认识——贬义色彩
TPO 3-3-10. The word “pales” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○increases proportionally ○differs ○loses significance ○is common
词根词缀
TPO 1-1-7. The word “overlie” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○cover ○change ○separate ○surround

非代词
TPO 1-1-5. The phrase “glacial outwash” in the passage refers to ○fast rivers ○glaciers ○the huge volumes of water created by glacial melting ○the particles carried in water from melting glaciers
细节题
出题方式

According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X? The author’s description of X mentions which of the following? According to the paragraph, X occurs because… According to the paragraph, X did Y because… According to the paragraph, why did X do Y?
Example 1. 定位 CC
题干 原文 选项
Example 1.
TPO 3-3-6. According to paragraph 4, which of the following is true of climax communities? They are more resilient than pioneer communities. They can be considered both the most and the least stable communities. They are stable because they recover quickly after major disturbances. They are the most resilient communities because they change the least over time.
- The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash - particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles
代词
TPO 1-2-5. The word “this” in the passage refers to ○the acting out of rites ○the divorce of ritual performers from the rest of society ○the separation of myths from rites ○the celebration of supernatural forces
认识——褒义色彩
TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○changed ○debated ○created ○supported
认识——贬义色彩
TPO 3-3-10. The word “pales” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○increases proportionally ○differs ○loses significance ○is common
变数最多的题型，只要题干没有其他题型的明显标 志就可以归为细节题 True，原因，关系
细节题
考查关键 迅速找到原文明确指出 的事实信息 准确判断选项对信息的 转化 常见错误选项特征 无中生有 信息杂糅 直接相反 答非所问 做题技巧 准确理解题干 根据题干中的关键词定位 原文 读取原文相关信息（通常 1-2句话） 判断选项正误
认识托福阅读——考什么？
Reading measures the ability to understand academic reading matter
准确、迅速把握关键信息的能力
托福阅读考试简介

四项中的第一项，一般考3篇文章（如果加试，则是4篇）。 文章一般为议论文或说明文，每篇700词左右，之后有1314道题目。 除特殊说明（如最后一大题）之外，所有题目小分值为1分， 三篇总体小分值45分，最终成绩按照30分标准分换算，换 算标准如下图所示。
But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites. When this occurs…
认识托福阅读——怎么考？
考查重点

十大题型

词汇 句子理解
词汇题

句间关系
文章结构

托福阅读是以句子为核 心的考试 (单词+句法)

指代题 事实信息题（细节题） 否定事实信息题（选非题） 句子简化题 推断题 修辞目的题（作者意图题） 句子插入题 文章小结题 / 图表题
词汇题
出题方式 The word“X” in the passage is closest in meaning to…
考查关键 理解单词在语境中的含义

词汇量要求 8000+ 背单词！！！
词汇题做法
背单词！！！

不会背
Skeleton Sediment Skull Spine Invertebrate 背了忘，忘了背，循 Fossil Cold-blooded 环往复fossilize Warm-blooded …… Strata
Another seemingly plausible explanation—that infants do not form enduring memories at this point in development—also is incorrect.
反义概念
TPO 6-3-2. The word “plausible” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○flexible ○believable ○debatable ○predictable
and their particular structure depends on the specific history of the area.
同义概念
TPO 3-3-1. The word “particular ” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○natural ○final ○specific ○complex

Pottery Porcelain Ceramics 词根词缀 Pot Ware 各种联想（谐音，图 Vessel Sculpture 像，多个单词编段子） Surface Glaze Pigment 一次大量，多次重复 Sprout Ore Kiln
stressed desserts
词根词缀
TPO 1-1-7. The word “overlie” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○cover ○change ○separate ○surround
over 在上面 lie 躺着 覆盖
同义概念
TPO 3-3-1. The word “particular ” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○natural ○final ○specific ○complex
and their particular structure depends on the specific history of the area.
反义概念
TPO 6-3-2. The word “plausible” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○flexible ○believable ○debatable ○predictable