语用学题库

What is your impression on pragmatic study? In what way do you think Pragmatic study

is essential to our English learning?

Pragmatics is a subfield of linguistics which studies the ways in which context contributes to meaning. Pragmatics encompasses speech act theory, conversational implicature, talk in interaction and other approaches to language behavior in philosophy, sociology, and linguistics. It studies how the transmission of meaning depends not only on the linguistic knowledge (e.g. grammar, lexicon etc.) of the speaker and listener, but also on the context of the utterance, knowledge about the status of those involved, the inferred intent of the speaker, and so on.In this respect, pragmatics explains how language users are able to overcome apparent ambiguity, since meaning relies on the manner, place, time etc. of an utterance.The ability to understand another speaker's intended meaning is called pragmatic competence. So an utterance describing pragmatic function is described as metapragmatic. Pragmatic awareness is regarded as one of the most challenging aspects of language learning, and comes only through experience

2.why do you think one says to the gate-keeper “May we come in?” when he is alone?And why does he still say so to the gate-keeper when he and his company want to go into the park?(15’)

the category of plural notion is not applied to the first person in the same way as it is to the person .

Deixis is from a Greek word meaning ‘indicating’ or ‘pointing’. In linguistics, it refers to certain aspects of context of utterance, including the role of participants in the speech event and their spatio-temporal and social location. It directly concerns the relationship between the structure of language and the context in which it is used. Typical examples are pronouns, demonstratives, time & place adverbs, and some grammatical categories such as tense.

Some languages even make a distinction between “we-inclusive-of-addressee”and “we-exclusive-of-addressee.”

Here, the person says to the gate-keeper "may we come in "when he is alone, the plural forms”us” includes the gate-keeper. By saying so, the person intends to show his friendness to the gate-keeper. It seems they have a close relationship.

when he and his company want to go onto the park, by saying”may we come in ”, the plural forms ”us” just means the person and his company.

Man:Does your dog bite?

Woman:No

(then the man reached down to pet the dog.the dog bites the man’s hand)

The speaker's own questioning expression unclear

Conversation is the common interactions of speaker and hearer, however in order to research are often only pay attention to the hearer, the analysis for the hearer to specific inference, the purpose of the violation of cooperative principles more than from the Angle of the hearer guess what the speaker want to convey meaning. In this paper, the subjective factors include two aspects, one is the speaker's factor, 2 it is to the hearer. In some cases, the speaker words to express itself is not clear, easy to make the listener produce misunderstanding, confusion. Thereby, the unpredictability of the speaker said tend to be obedient people don't cooperate.

In this scenario, lady with a clear violation of the cooperative principle in the amount of code, thus she can deduce the conversational implicature is: she doesn't want to communicate with the