风景园林(景观设计)专业英语(第二版) Unit Five

On Second Bench. Edge of the Main Forest Belt
1872 Congress passed legislation making Yellowstone the world's first official National Park.
• 1949 Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold published posthumously.
• 1966 June Sierra Club published full-page newspaper ads in the New York Times and Washington Post against building a dam that would flood the Grand Canyon. The next day, the IRS hand-delivered a suspension of the Club's tax-exempt status. This action boosted the Club's prestige and membership and helped in the fight to save the Canyon. The ad in question said simply, "This time it's the Grand Canyon they want to flood. The Grand Canyon.“ • 1968 Grand Canyon dam plan killed.
1962
•
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson published. The book alerted the general public to the dangers of pesticides, particularly the dangers to humans. Yet she remained in the tradition of Muir, summarizing her main argument, "The 'control of nature' is a phrase conceived in arrogance, born of the Neanderthal age of biology and philosophy, when it was supposed that nature exists for the convenience of man."
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• My First Summer in the Sierra by John Muir This classic of nature writing chronicles John Muir's first contact with the Sierra Nevada, in June 1869. Hired as a shepherd, Muir became fascinated by the terrain of foliage, wildlife, rivers, and streams. Forty years later, he made his notes into this book about the place he loved most. Illustrated with Muir's drawings.
Background
Environmental Movement Timeline A History of the American Environmental Movement
1869 John Muir moved to Yosemite Valley.
• In1892, John Muir wrote to the editor of Century Magazine, "Let us do something to make the mountains glad." So they founded the Sierra Club, the first major organization in the world dedicated to using and "preserving" wild nature. It is from this act that the modern Ecology Movement was born.
Unit five: Landscape Planning
Silent Spring
The Obligation to Endure
Rachel Carson
1907-1964 Before Silent Spring, nearly all Americans believed that science was a force for good. Carson's work exposed the dark side of science. It showed that DDT and other chemicals we were using to enhance agricultural productivity were poisoning our lakes, rivers, oceans, and ourselves. Thanks to her, progress can no longer be measured solely in tons of wheat produced and millions of insects killed. Thanks to her, the destruction of nature can no longer be called progress.
• 1969 National Environmental Policy Act passed and Environmental Protection Agency created. In this, the first major U.S. environmental legislation, Congress declared: "that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans."