中考英语反义疑问句、感叹句讲解及习题

中考英语反义疑问句讲解
一、英文中的反意疑问句什么是反意疑问句？
英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。

（一）、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？否定+肯定？
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
（二）、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。

如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he?不用hasn’t②They have known the matter, haven’t they?不用don’t （三）、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。

如：
①They will go to town soon, won’t they? ②He works very hard, doesn’t he?
四）、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。

如：①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he? ②The man is dishonest, isn’t he?
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?
（五）、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom
Nobody, nothing等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。

如：
①She never tells a lie, does she? (不用doesn’t she?)②He was seldom late, was he? (不用wasn’t he?)
（六）、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am…时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。

如I am a very honest man, aren’t I? （七）、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I / We think (believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that 从句内的动词和主语保持一致。

如：
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he? ②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)
（八）、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I / We don’t think (believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。

如：
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?) ②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
（九）、反意疑问句的陈述部分为”非第一人称主语”+ think (believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述（从句）部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。

如：
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)
（十）、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与从句部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。

如：①They sa id that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)
（十一）、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。

如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, is n’t it? ②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
（十二）、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody (someone), Anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或they，这时问句动词的数应和he或they一致。

如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he? ②Everyone has done their best in t he game, haven’t they?
（十三）、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?如：Let me have a try, will you?
（十四）、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you? 如：Let us stop to rest, will you?
（十五）、陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we? 如：Let’s go home together, shall we?
（十六）、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。

如：①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you?②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you? (won’t you?)
（十七）、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。

如：Don’t make any noise, will you?
（十八）、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there (here)?形式。

①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
（十九）、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？形式。

①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you? ②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
（二十）、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t +主语？形式。

①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he? ②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
（二十一）、陈述部分用must (may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。

如：①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?
（二十二）、陈述部分用must (may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。

如：①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?) （二十三）、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如：
①What he said is true, isn't it? (不用didn’t he?)
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用won’t we?)
二、练习题
1. I suppose you’re not going today, ______? Ａ. are you Ｂ. do you Ｃ. don’t youＤ. aren’t you
2. I wish to shake hands with you, ______? Ａ. shall Ｂ. may I Ｃ. do I Ｄ. will I
3.Three hours ought to be enough time, ___? Ａ. oughtn’t three hoursＢ. didn’t theyＣ．shouldn’t itＤ. shouldn’t three hours
4.They have to study a lot, ______? Ａ. don’t theyＢ. haven’t theyＣ. did they Ｄ. hadn’t they
5.I‘m sure dirty, ______?Ａ. am I Ｂ. isn’t IＣ. aren’t IＤ. am not I
6.You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______you? Ａ. do Ｂ. did Ｃ. don’tＤ. didn’t
7.That’s the sort of the book you want, ______?Ａ. is it Ｂ. isn’t thatＣ. is that Ｄ. isn’t it
8.All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?
Ａ. are they Ｂ. aren’t theyＣ. are all these dictionaries Ｄ. aren’t all these dictionaries
9.Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now, ______?
Ａ. hasn’t heＢ. has he Ｃ. shouldn’t heＤ. didn’t you
10.David told me that you would take a trip to America, _____?Ａ. would you Ｂ. wouldn’t youＣ. did you Ｄ. didn’t you
11.You has some trouble finding where I live, ______? Ａ. Don’t youＢ. hadn’t youＣ. do I Ｄ. don’t I
12.He has his hair cut every month, ______? Ａ. has he Ｂ. hasn’t heＣ. does he Ｄ. doesn’t he
13.Your friend needs to come earlier, ______?Ａ. does he Ｂ. doesn’t heＣ. need he Ｄ. needn’t he
14.The little boy dare not go to church, ______?Ａ. dare he Ｂ. daren’t heＣ. does he Ｄ. doesn’t he
15.Susan’d have worked abroad if she’d had the chance, ____?Ａ. has she Ｂ. hadn’t sheＣ. would she Ｄ. wouldn’t she
16.Everyone’s having a good time, ______?Ａ. is he Ｂ. isn’t everyoneＣ. does he Ｄ. aren’t they
17.Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ______?Ａ. will you Ｂ. shan’t youＣ. do you Ｄ. don’t you
18.Magaret scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day, ______?Ａ. doesn’t sheＢ. does she Ｃ. do you Ｄ. don’t you
19.Let’s listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned, ______?Ａ. do we Ｂ. don’t weＣ. shall we Ｄ. shan’t we
20.Janet used to take part in labor in that village, ______? Ａ. used she Ｂ. did she Ｃ. didn’t sheＤ. should she
21.He ought to go to Kwangchow by plane, ______?Ａ. should he Ｂ. shouldn’t heＣ. would he Ｄ. wouldn’t he
22.We never dared to ask him a question, ______?Ａ. did we Ｂ. didn’t weＣ. dared we Ｄ. daren’t we
23.Nobody will believe how difficult his work has been______?Ａ. will he Ｂ. won’t nobodyＣ. will they Ｄ. won’t they
24.You must have made the mistake, __? A. mustn’t you B. haven’t you C. didn’t you D. hadn’t you
25.They must have stayed at hotel last night, ______?A. mustn’t they B. haven’t they C. didn’t they D. hadn’t they
26、Learning how to repair computers takes a long time, _______?A. isn’t it B. aren’t they C. doesn’t it D. don’t they
27.There isn’t anything wrong with the radio, ______? A. is there B. is it C. does it D. does there
28.You must be hungry, ______? A. must you B. mustn’t you C. are you D. aren’t you
29.Her daughter had the carpets and curtains cleaned, ____?A. had she B. hadn’t she C. didn’t she D. didn’t her daughter
30.The teacher had a talk with you, ______?A. has you B. hadn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she
31.Something’ll have to be done about the air pollut ion, _______? A. won’t it B. will it C. has it D. does it
32.Linda ate nothing this morning, ______? A. didn’t she B. was she C. did she D. wasn’t she
33.There’s hardly ______milk in the bottle, ______there? A. no, isn’t B. some, is C. little,isn’t D. any, is
34.He has never ridden a horse before, ______? A. does he B. has he C. hasn’t he D. doesn’t he Nobody
35.Tom was absent from the meeting, ______ ? A. was it B. were they C. wasn’t he D. weren’t they
36.No one failed in the exam, ______? A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didn’t he
37.I’m a little late for class, ______ I? A. amn’t B. am not C. isn’t D. ain’t
am not = ain‘t 不过大多数只有在反问句或反意问句中才能看到，也就是说，一般你只能看到ain't I 这种语序，而看不到I ain't 的语序38.Neither you nor I am a artist, ______ ? A. am I B. aren’t we C. are we D. ain’t I
39.He can’t be her father, ______ he? A. is B. isn’t C. can D. can’t
40.Everything seems all right, ______ ? A. does it B. don’t they C. won’t it D. doesn’t it
感叹句
【知识梳理】
感叹句是用来表示人们惊讶、气愤、诧异、喜悦和悲伤等强烈感情的句子。

句末用惊叹号，读时用降调。

感叹句多用what和how引起，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词、动词。

1.What型感叹句（1）What+ a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数+主语+谓语！如：What a clever monkey it is!多聪明的猴子啊！（2）What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！例如：What bad weather it is today! 今天天气多恶劣啊！
（3）What+形容词+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语！例如：What confident students they are!多自信的学生啊！
（4）What+ a/an+名词。

例如：What a pity!多遗憾啊！
【友情提醒】what引导的感叹句的中心词是名词，该名词除用what修饰外，前面通常有形容词；所以句中的主语和谓语动词一般可以省略。

例如：What exciting news (it is)!多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
2.How型感叹句（1）How+形容词+主语+谓语！例如：How cool the boy looks! 那个男孩看上去多酷啊！
（2）How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：How heavily it is raining!雨下得多大啊！
（3）How+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数+主语+谓语！例如：How slim a girl she is!那个女孩多苗条啊！
（4）How+主语+谓语！例如：How time flies!时光飞逝！
【友情提醒1】how引导的感叹句，其中心词是形容词或副词，how后直接跟形容词或副词，但不能直接跟动词。

how 修饰动词指的是修饰其后的句子中的动词。

【友情提醒2】在口语中可以省略后面的主语和谓语。

【知识拓展】1.在实际运用时，陈述句、疑问句、祈使句，甚至一个单词，一个词组都可以通过改变语调或句末改用感叹号来变成感叹句。

例如：Wonderful!棒极了！Well done!干得好！Do stay with us!千万跟我们待在一起！
2.除what或how引导的感叹句外，还有以下三中结构：
①So+形容词！（常用于口语中）例如：So tall!多高啊！
②主语+动词+so+形容词！例如：The girl was so pretty!那个女孩太漂亮了！
③主语+动词+such+形容词+名词！例如：It is such a beautiful city!如此漂亮的城市！
【实战演练】一.用what或how填空：
1. hard they are working!
2. an interesting book !
3. fast he runs!
4. heavy snow!
二.选择填空( )1. nice flowers! Where did you pick them? A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
( )2. bad news it is! We can’t go to Hainan for our holiday. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )3.Look! beautiful that lake is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )4. good time we had at the party! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )5. exciting event(事件) the 2006 World Cup is! A. What an B. What a C. What D. How
( )6. exciting game it is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How much
三.句型转换1.The bread on the table is very delicious.(山东省) the bread on the table is!
2.The girl is very pretty.(武汉市) the girl is ! pretty she is!。