全新版大学进阶英语视听说教程第3册--Unit 4 文本

Unit 4 Conservation

Part II LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Lesson A Why Are They Endangered?

Listening

SCRIPT

Track 4-1

Numbers of most animal species worldwide are going down. For example, in the 1970s, there were about 1,200,000 African elephants. Today there are only about 500,000. In the 1970s, there were about 200,000 African lions. Today, there are fewer than 21,000. But there is some good news. For example, in the 1970s, there were only about 1,000 bald eagles. Today, there are more than 50,000. Giant panda populations also look to be increasing, but very slowly. In the 1970s there were about 1,000 pandas in the wild, today scientists think there are about 1,600.

Animals worldwide are in danger for several reasons. First, people poison them because they want to kill them. This happens with lions, for example. Also, many farmers who grow food use pesticides to kill insects. Some animals eat these insects and die, too. This happened with bald eagles until farmers stopped using the dangerous pesticide called DDT.

Second, there is habitat loss. In much of the world, people cut down trees. They destroy forests because they need land for farms and cities. This takes away land from animals. This happens, from example, with lions, elephants, and pandas.

Third, there is hunting. People sometimes kill animals for food. They also kill animals for their body parts. For example, poachers kill elephants for their white tusks. More often, farmers want to protect their own animals — their cows and sheep — so they kill lions. Or they want to protect their land, so they kill elephants. In the past, poaching was a problem for pandas as people hunted pandas for their skin. Today, this isn’t really a problem for them.

1. DDT：滴滴涕，双对氯苯基三氯乙烷，用作农用杀虫剂

Conversation

Track 4–2

A: Did you know that grizzly bears are endangered?

B: Yeah? Why are they endangered?

A: Mainly because of hunting by humans and habitat loss.

B: How many are left?

A: Only about 25,000.

Lesson B

Listening 1

SCRIPT

Track 4-3

Zeb Hogan

Many of the world’s largest freshwater fish are endangered. In Mongolia, for example, people who live near the rivers and lakes are often poor. They kill the fish for food, decreasing their numbers. People also kill them for sport, so their numbers are further decreasing. Zeb Hogan, from the United States, is working with local people to save fish such as the giant salmon in Mongolia. Hogan is part of a project to bring tourists to rivers in Mongolia. They pay to catch salmon for sport, and then release them — throw them back into the water. The fish are not hurt, and the people in Mongolian villages make money from the tourism.

Tuy Sereivathana (Vathana)

In Cambodia, there are many new towns, roads, and farms, and elephant habitats are disappearing. Because of this, elephants go into villages and eat the crops. Poor farmers kill them to protect their land. As a result, the Cambodian elephant population has fallen from 2,000 in 1995 to fewer than 500 today.

Tuy Sereivathana (known as Vathana), from Cambodia, is working to save Asian elephants. He builds schools where students learn about conservation. Also, he teaches farmers ways to keep their land safe from elephants, so farmers don’t kill them. For example, he shows them how to use fireworks to scare elephants, or to put hot chili peppers on fences around their fields. The farmers keep their crops, and the elephants keep their lives.

1. Cambodia：柬埔寨

Listening 2

SCRIPT

Track 4-4

Many people worldwide want to help endangered animals by donating money or volunteering. However, they don’t know about the many projects conservationists are doing to save animals. Another big problem is that many conservationists want to share the work they do with the rest of the world, but don’t know how.

Paula Kahumbu, from Kenya, writes books and gives talks. Also, she is the director of a website, . This site has many blogs, photos, and podcasts from about 120 different conservation projects in different countries. The conservationists tell people about their important work, and people around the world can read about the conservationists’ projects — for example, saving gorillas in the Congo or orangutans in Indonesia or lions in Kenya. People can learn about the projects and send money to help, if they want.

1. Kenya：肯尼亚，位于非洲东部，全境位于热带季风区

2. Congo：刚果，位于非洲中西部

3. Indonesia：通称印度尼西亚，简称印尼，东南亚国家

PART III VIDEO

SCRIPT

Narrator:

It’s morning in Kenya, at the David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust. Little elephants and their human