中学英语-并列句和状语从句

时
我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。
when 间
状 while
语
as 从
before 句
after
till
I was walking along the street when when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以
suddenly someone patted me on the 看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位
Eg: 我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。 We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain .
Exercises :
注意逻辑关系
1. Give him an inch
he’ll take an ell.
A. but
B. and C. for
先做学生，再做先生。
He arrived after the game started.
比赛开始后，他到了。
We waited till (until)he came back .
如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表
我们一直等到他回来。
示“直到…为止”
e.g. I won’t know where he is until/till I get a letter from him. =Not until I get a letter from him will I know where he is.
A. in the place
B. which
C. in which
D. where
3. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所 发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是： because, since, as, now that 及 considering等。
e.g. He didn’t come to school because he was ill. 表示“直接”原因。
Now that\Since everyone is here,let us begin our meeting.
1. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured.
2) 一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状
语从句。 如：the moment, the minute, （
一…就）next time（下次）, every/each time （每次）。
• e.g. The moment he comes, I will tell him.
3).介词也可以引导状语从句。如 since, before, after。
Jane said she was ill , yet I saw her in the street just now .
Some men are rich , while (whereas ) others are poor.
4. 因果关系：so, for ; therefore; thus
It must have rained last night for it is wet all over. 表示因为，放于句中。
2. 选择关系： or ; either… or …等
Either you are right , or I am .
Don’t drive so fast ，or / otherwise you’ll have an accident .
3. 表转折关系；but , yet , whereas , while however
b. Wherever you go, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句
• You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.
• You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.
等的从句叫做 “状语从句
”。分类如下：
状语从句
1. 时间状语从句 2. 地点状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 条件状语从句 5. 让步状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 结果状语从句 8. 方式状语从句 9. 比较状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
1) 常用连词如下：as, when, while, till / until, not …till / until, before, since, after等。
练习:
1. When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _______ the meaning is unclear to him.
A. there
B. wherever
C. the place
D. in which
2. If you are travelling ______ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.
• It will be a long time before we meet again.
• It has been 20 years since we first saw each other.
• 注意对比：
• It is＋时间＋since…如：
• It is three years since she was in the army. • It is three years since she joined the army.
种类 从属连词
Leabharlann Baidu
例
句
说明
when
When I came into the room, he was writing when指的是“某一具体的时间”。
a letter.
当我进屋时，他正在写信。
whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时
whenever We shall go there whenever we are free. 间”。
并列句和状语从句
Compound sentences and Adverbial Clauses
目录 CONTENTS
01 02 03
并列句 状语从句的定义和分类 状语从句在作文中的应用
句子的分类： 句子：简单句：主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语 主语+系动词+表语
I stayed while he was away.
他不在的时候我在。
He hurried home, looking behind as he as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作
went.
同时发生。
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。
Be a pupil before you become a teacher. before译为在…之前
shoulder from behind.
于句末。
我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩
膀。
While it was raining, they went out.
while 指 “ 在 某 一 段 时 间 里 ” ， “ 在 … 期
天下雨的时候，他们出去了。
间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。
01 并列句 表递进 表选择 表转折 表因果 复合句 定语从句
名词性从句 状语从句
并列句：
1.递进关系： and , not only… but also …; neither..nor, not …
but …; both … and
他有足够的钱，可以随便花钱。 He had plenty of money and he spent it freely . 他不仅说的正确而且说的很轻松。 Not only did he speak more correctly , but also he spoke more easily .
Exercises.
1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized
his voice ______ I picked up the phone.
A. while
B. after
C. In case
D. the minute
2. How long do you think it will take _______
D. so
2.
did the students dance,
teacher sang.
their
A. Neither… or…
B. Either …or…
C. Both…and…
D. Not only…but also…
3. We must get up early tomorrow, the first bus to the Great Wall.
we’ll miss
A. however B. but C. or
D. so
4. He worked hard, A. while B. and
he failed. C. so D. yet
What are “ Adverbial Clauses”?
在主从复合句中修饰主语 中的动词、 形容词、副词
our product becomes popular with the
consumers?
A. when
B. until
C. before
D. since
3. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. since C. As
A. we had got; when B. we got; than
C. had we got; when D. did we get; than
2. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句用连接副词 where或 wherever (在任何地方) 引导。
e.g. a. Just stay where you are.
注意：Till 不能用于句首，而until 可以。
• It’s/will be +一段时间 +before+一般现 在时 表示过了多久才
• It’s/will （not) be +一段时间 +before+ 一般现在时 表示没过多久就
• It ’s been+一段时间 +since +一般过去时 表示自从….多久了
• 5) a. hardly … when b. scarcely … when / before c. no sooner … than
• 都相当于as soon as，用以引导时间状语从句。 注意：当 hardly, scarcely及no sooner位于句 首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。
• e.g. No sooner had she gone than it happened
A. as
B. if
C. when D. where
2. Some people believe that ______ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.
• I have lived in Beijing since 2008.
4) as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly 等副词也可引 导状语从句。表示“一…… 就……”。
As soon as I reach home, I will tell him the news.
The shops were closed so I didn’t get any milk .
5. When : and at this/ that time
be doing when.. be about to do/ on the point of when … be going to do when … had just done when ..
D. While
4. He was halfway through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D. while
5. Hardly ______ into the village ______ it began to rain.