高考定语从句复习
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3) I shall never forget the days that /which we spent in the countryside. 宾语 4) He told me the date that /which was the most important to him in his life. 主语
注1： 当介词放在相关动词后面时，which 可用that 来替换；whom可用that 或 who
来替换。此时关系代词可以省略。如： 1) That is the room (that ) I live in. 2) I met the man (that) you talked to yesterday.
从
句
的
词
关系副词
when, where, why
分析关系词在定语从句中的作用 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
指人 作主语 注意谓语动词
2) The girl (that/who/whom) we were talking about is Joan.
指人 作定语
指物 作主语 注意谓语动词
主谓
指
主语 一致
wenku.baidu.com
that/who
人
的
关
可
系
宾语
that/who(m)
代 词
省略
关 系
定语
whose
代
词
的
主谓
用
法
指
小
物
结
的
主语 一致
that/which
关
可
系
宾语
that/which
代 词
省略
定语
whose
关系副词的用法小结
when
where
why
表示时间，在从句 中作时间状语
注意：当先行词是表示地点或时间的名词时，关系词的选用要根据其在从句中 的作用而决定，如果关系词在从句中作状语，则需选用关系副词；如果关系词 在句中作主语或宾语，则应选用关系代词。如：
1)This is the school that /which I visited last year. 宾语
2) We didn’t accept the reason that/which he gave . 宾语
指时间 作状语
指地点 作状语
6) Can you tell me the reason why/for which you are late?
7) Who is the person whose指ha原nd因writing i作s th状e b语est of you?
8) The book that/which is about the USA has been lost.
定语从句
定语从句考点
1. 关系代词 that – which; whose; which – as 的用法比较； 2. 关系代词和关系副词的用法比较； 3. 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句； 4. 定语从句与并列句的区别。
定义：在复合句中， 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如： 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday? 4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League. 5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.
(or: That is the room which /that I live in.) 2) I met the man to whom you talked yesterday.
(or: I met the man whom /that/ who you talked to yesterday.)
注2： 如果关系代词作含有介词的动词短语的宾语，此时动词短语不拆开，介词仍
放在动词的后面。如： Wrong: This is the pen for which I am looking. Right: This is the pen which I am looking for.
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。分为
关系代词 关系副词
关系词的3个作用：
1.引导定语从句。 2.代替先行词。 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系代词
that,which, who,whom,whose
引 导
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从
定 语
关系词
句中间起联系的作用，同时作定语从句的 一个成分。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，例1)中的man 就是先行词。 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?
3) Did yo指u s人ee the 作pe宾n (t语hat可/w省hic略h) I lost yesterday?
4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League.
指物 作宾语 可省略
5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.
表示地点，在从句中 作地点状语
表示原因，在从句中 作原因状语
介词加关系代词引导定语从句的用法 关系代词which和whom 除了在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语外，还可以作介词 的宾语。在作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在整个定语从句的前面（此时关 系代词不能省略),为了使关系代词紧跟先行词也可以把介词放在相关动词的后面， 这种从句叫做带介词的定语从句。如: 1) That is the room in which I live.
注1： 当介词放在相关动词后面时，which 可用that 来替换；whom可用that 或 who
来替换。此时关系代词可以省略。如： 1) That is the room (that ) I live in. 2) I met the man (that) you talked to yesterday.
从
句
的
词
关系副词
when, where, why
分析关系词在定语从句中的作用 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
指人 作主语 注意谓语动词
2) The girl (that/who/whom) we were talking about is Joan.
指人 作定语
指物 作主语 注意谓语动词
主谓
指
主语 一致
wenku.baidu.com
that/who
人
的
关
可
系
宾语
that/who(m)
代 词
省略
关 系
定语
whose
代
词
的
主谓
用
法
指
小
物
结
的
主语 一致
that/which
关
可
系
宾语
that/which
代 词
省略
定语
whose
关系副词的用法小结
when
where
why
表示时间，在从句 中作时间状语
注意：当先行词是表示地点或时间的名词时，关系词的选用要根据其在从句中 的作用而决定，如果关系词在从句中作状语，则需选用关系副词；如果关系词 在句中作主语或宾语，则应选用关系代词。如：
1)This is the school that /which I visited last year. 宾语
2) We didn’t accept the reason that/which he gave . 宾语
指时间 作状语
指地点 作状语
6) Can you tell me the reason why/for which you are late?
7) Who is the person whose指ha原nd因writing i作s th状e b语est of you?
8) The book that/which is about the USA has been lost.
定语从句
定语从句考点
1. 关系代词 that – which; whose; which – as 的用法比较； 2. 关系代词和关系副词的用法比较； 3. 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句； 4. 定语从句与并列句的区别。
定义：在复合句中， 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如： 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday? 4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League. 5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.
(or: That is the room which /that I live in.) 2) I met the man to whom you talked yesterday.
(or: I met the man whom /that/ who you talked to yesterday.)
注2： 如果关系代词作含有介词的动词短语的宾语，此时动词短语不拆开，介词仍
放在动词的后面。如： Wrong: This is the pen for which I am looking. Right: This is the pen which I am looking for.
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。分为
关系代词 关系副词
关系词的3个作用：
1.引导定语从句。 2.代替先行词。 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系代词
that,which, who,whom,whose
引 导
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从
定 语
关系词
句中间起联系的作用，同时作定语从句的 一个成分。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，例1)中的man 就是先行词。 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?
3) Did yo指u s人ee the 作pe宾n (t语hat可/w省hic略h) I lost yesterday?
4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League.
指物 作宾语 可省略
5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.
表示地点，在从句中 作地点状语
表示原因，在从句中 作原因状语
介词加关系代词引导定语从句的用法 关系代词which和whom 除了在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语外，还可以作介词 的宾语。在作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在整个定语从句的前面（此时关 系代词不能省略),为了使关系代词紧跟先行词也可以把介词放在相关动词的后面， 这种从句叫做带介词的定语从句。如: 1) That is the room in which I live.